Science Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of science?

The scientific study of life and living organisms.

The study of energy and how energy affects matter.

A process of gathering knowledge about the natural world. (correct)

The study of the Earth's atmosphere.

What is the study of matter and energy called?

Physical Science

What is matter?

Something that has volume and mass

What does chemistry study?

All forms of matter, including how matter interacts with other matter. Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of energy and how it affects matter?

Physics Signup and view all the answers

What does meteorology study?

The Earth's atmosphere, especially in relation to weather and climate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth?

Geology Signup and view all the answers

Who specializes in the chemistry of rocks, minerals, and soil?

Geochemist Signup and view all the answers

What is biology?

The scientific study of life and living organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What are scientific methods?

A series of steps followed to solve problems. Signup and view all the answers

What is observation in scientific terms?

The process of obtaining information by using the senses. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hypothesis?

An explanation that is based on prior scientific research or observations and that can be tested. Signup and view all the answers

What is a controlled experiment?

Compares the results from a control group with the results from the experimental groups. Signup and view all the answers

What is a variable in an experiment?

The thing that is different between the controlled group and the experimental group. Signup and view all the answers

What is data?

Any pieces of information acquired through observation or experimentation. Signup and view all the answers

What is a model in scientific terms?

A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept. Signup and view all the answers

What is a theory?

An explanation for many hypotheses and observations. Signup and view all the answers

What is a law in scientific context?

A summary of many experimental results and observations. Signup and view all the answers

What is mass?

The amount of matter in an object. Signup and view all the answers

What is volume?

The amount of space that something occupies. Signup and view all the answers

What is density?

The amount of matter in a given volume. Signup and view all the answers

What is temperature?

A measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term meniscus?

The curve at a liquid's surface by which one measures the volume of the liquid. Signup and view all the answers

What is weight?

A measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe. Signup and view all the answers

What is an independent variable?

Changes that occur in an experiment that are directly caused by the experimenter. Signup and view all the answers

What is a dependent variable?

Changes that occur due to independent variables; measured in an experiment. Signup and view all the answers

What is constant in an experiment?

During an experiment, this remains the same and is not changed. Signup and view all the answers

What is a manipulative variable also called?

Independent Variable Signup and view all the answers

What is a responding variable also called?

Dependent Variable Signup and view all the answers

What is a conclusion in scientific research?

Written to summarize the results of an experiment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a conceptual model?

Systems of ideas. Signup and view all the answers

What is a mathematical model?

Made up of mathematical equations and data. Signup and view all the answers

What is a physical model?

A smaller or larger physical copy of an object. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main branches of physical science?

Chemistry and Physics Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of length in science?

Meter Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of volume in science?

Liter Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of mass in science?

Gram Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Concepts in Science

Science is a systematic way to gather knowledge about the natural world.
Physical Science focuses on the study of matter and energy.

Matter: Anything with volume and mass.
Chemistry: Examines all forms of matter and interactions between them.
Physics: Analyzes energy and its impact on matter.

Earth and Life Sciences

Meteorology: Studies the Earth's atmosphere, including weather and climate.
Geology: Investigates Earth's origin, history, and structure.
Biology: The scientific study of life and living organisms.

The Scientific Method

Scientific Methods: Steps followed to address problems and gather information.
Observation: Information obtained via the senses.
Hypothesis: A testable explanation based on previous research.

Experimental Design

Controlled Experiment: Compares control group results against experimental groups.
Variable: Differing element between control and experimental groups.
Independent Variable: Changes directly caused by the experimenter.
Dependent Variable: Changes that occur as a response to the independent variable.

Data and Results

Data: Information collected through observation or experimentation.
Conclusion: A summary of experimental results.

Models and Theories

Model: Representation of a system that depicts structure or functionality.
Theory: A broad explanation encompassing multiple hypotheses and observations.
Law: A concise summary of numerous experimental results.

Measurement in Science

Mass: Quantity of matter in an object.
Volume: Space occupied by an object.
Density: Mass per unit volume.
Temperature: Average kinetic energy of particles in an object.

Measurement Units

Meter: The standard unit of length in science.
Liter: The standard unit of volume in science.
Gram: The basic unit of mass.

Special Characteristics

Meniscus: The curve at the surface of a liquid used to measure volume.
Weight: Gravitational force exerted on an object, varying with location.

Models in Science

Conceptual Model: Systems of ideas, simplifying complex processes.
Mathematical Model: Utilizes equations and data for predictions.
Physical Model: A tangible representation of an object, scaled up or down.

Branches of Physical Science

Chemistry and Physics: The two main branches focusing on matter and energy interactions.

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Explore key terms and definitions from Chapter 1 of your science curriculum. This quiz covers essential concepts such as matter, energy, chemistry, and physics. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of physical science.