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Questions and Answers
What is acceleration?
Rate of change of velocity; can be calculated by dividing the change in the velocity by the time it takes the change to occur.
What is average speed?
Total distance an object travels divided by the total time it takes to travel that distance.
What is displacement?
Distance and direction of an object's change in position from the starting point.
What is instantaneous speed?
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What is momentum?
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What is motion?
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What is speed?
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What is velocity?
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The reading on a speedometer represents the average velocity of the car.
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The speed of an object is the product of its mass and velocity.
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The momentum of a 5,000-kg truck that is standing still is greater than the momentum of a 3,000-kg truck that is also at rest.
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Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
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Jane is on a merry-go-round that is moving at a constant speed. Her velocity is also constant.
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A reference point is needed to determine the position of an object.
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Acceleration can never be negative.
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A line on a speed-time graph with a steep slope indicates a greater speed.
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Displacement includes both distance and direction.
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The relationship s = d/t can be used to calculate speed, distance, or time.
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As a moving object's velocity decreases, its momentum decreases.
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When you push on a sled and it begins to go downhill, you cause negative acceleration.
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Acceleration occurs when velocity changes.
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To describe velocity you need to know ____.
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Speed is the rate of change in ____.
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Motion is a change in ____.
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The equation used to find acceleration is a = ____.
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Acceleration is the rate of change of ____.
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A horizontal line on a velocity/time graph shows ____ acceleration.
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If you ride your bike around the block, returning to the exact point where you started, what is your displacement?
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If you ride your bicycle down a straight road for 500 m then turn around and ride back, your distance is ____ your displacement.
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In the equation p = m × v, the p represents ____.
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A real car moving at 10 km/h has more momentum than a toy car moving at the same speed because the real car ____.
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The rate at which an object's velocity changes is called its ____.
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An object changing its speed from 10 m/s to 3 m/s is undergoing ____________________ acceleration.
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___________________ is a measure of how far an object has moved.
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The slope of the distance-time graph gives the ____________________.
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A change in velocity can be either a change in how fast something is moving or a change in ____________________.
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When the ____________________ of an object changes, the object is accelerating.
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A graph with distance on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis is called a ___.
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A person walking covers 5.20 m in 10.4 s. How fast is the person moving?
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What is the speed if a vehicle traveled 7.0 km in 0.2 hours?
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A compact car with a mass of 725 kg is moving at 30 m/s. What is its momentum?
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A 50-kg object has a velocity of 12 m/s. What is its momentum?
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A car goes from 2 m/s to 16 m/s in 3.5 s. What is the car's acceleration?
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A cheetah can accelerate from 0 m/s to 30.33 m/s in 3 s. What is the cheetah's acceleration?
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Study Notes
Motion Terminology
- Acceleration: The rate of change of velocity; calculated as the change in velocity divided by the time interval for the change.
- Average Speed: Total distance covered by an object divided by the total time taken for that distance.
- Displacement: A vector quantity representing the distance and direction from the starting point to the object's final position.
- Instantaneous Speed: The speed of an object at a specific moment in time; differs for objects accelerating versus those moving at constant speed.
- Momentum: The quantity of motion an object possesses, found by multiplying its mass by its velocity.
- Motion: The process of changing an object's position relative to a reference point.
- Speed: The distance traveled by an object in a unit of time.
- Velocity: The speed of an object in a specified direction.
True or False Concepts
- Speedometer readings indicate instantaneous speed, not average velocity.
- Speed is not the product of mass and velocity; it measures how fast an object moves.
- A stationary object has zero momentum, regardless of its mass.
- A reference point is essential for determining an object's position.
- Negative acceleration is possible and indicates a decrease in speed.
Key Equations and Relationships
- Speed Calculation: Use the formula ( s = \frac{d}{t} ) to find speed, distance, or time.
- Acceleration Formula: Acceleration is calculated using ( a = \frac{(v_f - v_i)}{t} ).
- Momentum Calculation: Represented by ( p = m \times v ), where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.
- A horizontal line on a velocity/time graph indicates zero acceleration.
Understanding Motion and Changes
- Motion involves a change in position, implying a distance measurement.
- Displacement accounts for both distance and direction, while distance is simply how far an object has moved.
- A change in velocity signifies acceleration, which can be due to changes in speed or direction.
Practical Examples and Values
- For a distance of 5.20 m covered in 10.4 s, the speed is 0.5 m/s.
- If a vehicle travels 7.0 km in 0.2 hours, its speed is 35 km/h.
- A compact car with a mass of 725 kg moving at 30 m/s has a momentum of 21,750 kg·m/s.
- A 50-kg object with a velocity of 12 m/s has a momentum of 600 kg·m/s.
- A car that accelerates from 2 m/s to 16 m/s in 3.5 s experiences an acceleration of 4.0 m/s².
- A cheetah reaches an acceleration of 10.1 m/s² when increasing speed from 0 m/s to 30.33 m/s in 3 seconds.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on key terms related to motion with these flashcards covering concepts like acceleration, average speed, and displacement. Ideal for students looking to reinforce their understanding of physics principles. Perfect for quick review or exam preparation.
