Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of tools did primitive Filipinos mainly use?
What type of tools did primitive Filipinos mainly use?
Simple stones and metal tools
By what year did Filipinos produce adzes and pottery?
By what year did Filipinos produce adzes and pottery?
Around 3000 B.C.
Pottery manufacture in the Philippines flourished for about 500 years.
Pottery manufacture in the Philippines flourished for about 500 years.
False
What material did Filipinos learn to make tools from over time?
What material did Filipinos learn to make tools from over time?
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What activity were Filipinos engaged in by the 1st century A.D.?
What activity were Filipinos engaged in by the 1st century A.D.?
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What trade relations existed before the arrival of the Spaniards?
What trade relations existed before the arrival of the Spaniards?
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Match the following historical events with their descriptions:
Match the following historical events with their descriptions:
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Primary instruction during the Spanish regime was mainly __________ education.
Primary instruction during the Spanish regime was mainly __________ education.
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There were schools offering engineering studies during the Spanish regime.
There were schools offering engineering studies during the Spanish regime.
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What subjects were included in the four-year Nautical School course established in 1820?
What subjects were included in the four-year Nautical School course established in 1820?
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Study Notes
History of Science and Technology in the Philippines
- Early Filipinos used primitive technology with simple stone and metal tools, evolving into ceramics, potteries, handicrafts, and various devices.
- For approximately 40,000 years, simple stone tools were created, later developing techniques for sawing, drilling, and polishing hard stones.
- By 3,000 B.C., Filipinos produced adzes, seashell ornaments, and diverse pottery designs, with pottery manufacturing thriving for over 2,000 years, facing competition from Chinese porcelain.
- Early cultures transitioned to metalworking, utilizing copper, gold, bronze, and iron as tools began to evolve.
Developments by the 1st Century A.D.
- Filipinos engaged in weaving cotton, iron smelting, pottery and glass decoration, and agriculture.
- The development of boat construction for coastal trade emerged, becoming advanced by the 10th century A.D.
- Trade networks included exchanges with kingdoms like Champa (Vietnam) and various regions in China.
Trade and Cultural Exchange
- Trade routes extended to Mindanao and Sulu, connecting with Borneo, Malacca, and parts of the Malay Peninsula, predating Chinese interaction.
- The Spaniards arrived when established trading relationships existed, notably alliances between Manila and Brunei through marriage.
- Cultural influences from Hindu-Buddhist, Malay-Sanskrit, and Arab-Muslim traditions had already permeated Filipino society.
Spanish Colonization (Post-1565)
- Spanish colonization utilized a religious strategy called reduccion, establishing towns and formalizing local governance systems.
- Precolonial leadership structures incorporated into colonial governance included local leaders known as cabezas de barangay.
Education During Spanish Regime
- Primary education was mostly provided by missionaries, focusing on religious subjects due to a lack of qualified teachers and resources.
- Universidad de Santo Tomas served as the highest educational institution, establishing precedence for higher learning.
Medical and Engineering Studies
- For the medical doctorate, students required one additional year of study at Universidad Central de Madrid, focusing on pharmacy with foundational courses in natural history and chemistry.
- Engineering studies were nonexistent locally; students had to study in Europe. The Nautical School founded in 1820 offered a four-year pilot course including subjects like physics and navigation.
Educational Reforms
- In 1863, a royal decree reformed the educational system, establishing elementary, secondary, and collegiate schools with government oversight.
- The Spaniards introduced new construction technologies emphasizing town planning using stones, brick, and tiles, impacting urban development across the archipelago.
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Description
Explore the history of science and technology in the Philippines with this quiz for MST2 Week 4. Learn about the archaeological findings that reveal the technological advancements of primitive Filipinos in comparison to their Asian neighbors. Understand the significance of tools used and the development of various crafts in early Philippine society.