Impact of Science and Technology Quiz: Culture, Technology, and Society

10 Questions

What did Freud believe was the main difference between neurotic people and earlier psychiatrists' views?

Faulty software vs. entirely faulty hardware

What was one of Freud's significant contributions to psychology and psychiatry?

Introducing the concept of Oedipal crisis

How did Freud's theories differ from those of his predecessors regarding neurosis?

He focused on inner psychic conflicts instead of organic causes

What was Charcot's view on hysteria's causes compared to Freud's view?

Primarily organic vs. primarily psychological

How did Freud challenge the traditional view of the line between sane and insane?

By suggesting that everyone could become mentally ill

What was one of the key shifts in psychology and psychiatry as psychoanalysis gained popularity?

A focus on inner psychic conflicts over organic causes

In terms of mental health, how did Freud differentiate between 'insane' people and 'sane' people?

'Insane' people had brain diseases, while 'sane' people had healthy brains

What perspective did Freud adopt in contrast to his predecessors regarding mental health issues?

'Insane' issues stem from inner psychic conflicts, not just physical diseases

'Everyone has an Oedipal crisis' is an idea that contributed to which aspect according to Freud's perspective?

'Sane' and 'insane' categories can be blurred

'Purely organic explanations' were rejected by Freud due to their focus on what aspect?

The role of early childhood traumas in mental health issues

Study Notes

Technology and Society

Technology is the application of science and creation of systems, processes, and objects designed to help humans in their daily activities.
Development of science and technology has brought immense progress in society and individuals.
Scientific knowledge and technology influences individuals and society.

Importance of Science, Technology, and Society

Understanding of science, technology, and society is essential to know the unique attributes of each enterprise and their implications for society.
Science, technology, and society is important to the public because it helps address issues and problems that are of concern to the general population.
Scientific and technological principles have been and continue to be applied to solve problems that people experience in their day-to-day aspects of living.

Interrelationship of Science, Technology, and Society

Figure 1 shows the interrelationship of science, technology, and society.

Historical Timeline of Science and Technology

Ancient Times to 600 BC: Advent of Science
600 BC to 500 AD: Islamic Golden Age
Ancient China and the Far East
Renaissance
Enlightenment Period
Industrial Revolution
20th century
Fourth Industrial Revolution

Copernican Revolution

Nicolas Copernicus was a Polish scholar who wrestled with the problem of planetary orbits.
He proposed a heliocentric universe, placing the sun at the center of the universe, reducing the number of epicycles from 80 to 34.
His book, Concerning the Revolutions of the Celestial Worlds, published in 1543, laid the foundations for a revolution in how Europeans viewed the world and its place in the universe.

Johannes Kepler

Johannes Kepler was a brilliant mathematician who compiled more data that tarnished the perfection of the Ptolemaic universe.
He used Tycho Brahe's observations to develop his own theories.

Freud's Theory of Neurosis

Freud rejected the purely organic explanations of his predecessors, claiming that neurotic people had working hardware but faulty software.
He claimed that everyone had an Oedipal crisis, and everyone could potentially become mentally ill.
Psychoanalysis became popular, and psychology and psychiatry turned away from the search for organic causes and toward the search for inner psychic conflicts and early childhood traumas.

Science and Technology Impact on Society