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Questions and Answers
Who is credited with studying the relationship between the volume of a gas and its pressure?
Who is credited with studying the relationship between the volume of a gas and its pressure?
- Isaac Newton
- Galileo Galilei
- Robert Boyle (correct)
- Albert Einstein
Boyle's Law states that at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its pressure.
Boyle's Law states that at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its pressure.
False (B)
According to Boyle's Law, if the pressure on a gas doubles while the temperature remains constant, what happens to the volume?
According to Boyle's Law, if the pressure on a gas doubles while the temperature remains constant, what happens to the volume?
The volume is halved
In the context of Boyle's Law, the Kinetic Molecular Theory explains that increasing the pressure on a gas results in a(n) ______ in volume due to molecules moving closer together.
In the context of Boyle's Law, the Kinetic Molecular Theory explains that increasing the pressure on a gas results in a(n) ______ in volume due to molecules moving closer together.
Match the unit of pressure with its equivalent value:
Match the unit of pressure with its equivalent value:
Which of the following units is NOT a common unit for measuring pressure?
Which of the following units is NOT a common unit for measuring pressure?
Temperature must remain constant when applying Boyle's Law.
Temperature must remain constant when applying Boyle's Law.
Define volume in the context of gas laws.
Define volume in the context of gas laws.
In the mathematical expression of Boyle's Law, the constant k represents the product of pressure and volume, where $P*V = ______$ at a constant temperature.
In the mathematical expression of Boyle's Law, the constant k represents the product of pressure and volume, where $P*V = ______$ at a constant temperature.
Match the term with its real-world application related to Boyle's Law:
Match the term with its real-world application related to Boyle's Law:
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature according to Boyle's Law?
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature according to Boyle's Law?
According to Boyle's Law, if the pressure on a container of gas is increased, the temperature of the gas will also increase, assuming the volume stays constant.
According to Boyle's Law, if the pressure on a container of gas is increased, the temperature of the gas will also increase, assuming the volume stays constant.
If a gas occupies 5 liters at a pressure of 2 atm, what volume will it occupy if the pressure is increased to 4 atm, assuming the temperature remains constant?
If a gas occupies 5 liters at a pressure of 2 atm, what volume will it occupy if the pressure is increased to 4 atm, assuming the temperature remains constant?
In a graph illustrating Boyle's Law, ______ is typically plotted on the x-axis, while ______ is plotted on the y-axis, demonstrating their inverse relationship.
In a graph illustrating Boyle's Law, ______ is typically plotted on the x-axis, while ______ is plotted on the y-axis, demonstrating their inverse relationship.
Match the following pressure conversions:
Match the following pressure conversions:
A balloon contains 10 L of air at 1 atm. If the pressure is increased to to 2 atm, without changing the temperature, what is the new volume of the balloon?
A balloon contains 10 L of air at 1 atm. If the pressure is increased to to 2 atm, without changing the temperature, what is the new volume of the balloon?
When a diver descends deeper into the water according to Boyle's law, the air volume in their lungs tends to expand due to the higher pressure.
When a diver descends deeper into the water according to Boyle's law, the air volume in their lungs tends to expand due to the higher pressure.
Describe how a syringe demonstrates Boyle's Law in a practical application.
Describe how a syringe demonstrates Boyle's Law in a practical application.
If a gas has an initial pressure of 3 atm and a volume of 6 L, and the pressure is changed to 9 atm at constant temperature, the new volume will be ______ L.
If a gas has an initial pressure of 3 atm and a volume of 6 L, and the pressure is changed to 9 atm at constant temperature, the new volume will be ______ L.
Associate each scenario with the effect on volume, according to Boyle's Law:
Associate each scenario with the effect on volume, according to Boyle's Law:
A gas occupies a volume of 500 mL when its pressure is 800 mm Hg. What volume will the gas occupy if the prssure is increased to 1000mm Hg assuming the temperature remains constant?
A gas occupies a volume of 500 mL when its pressure is 800 mm Hg. What volume will the gas occupy if the prssure is increased to 1000mm Hg assuming the temperature remains constant?
When a diver ascends closer to the water surface, the air volume in their equipment decreases
When a diver ascends closer to the water surface, the air volume in their equipment decreases
A container with a volume of 2.0L has the pressure of 1.2 atm, what will the pressure be if the volume is reduced by half?
A container with a volume of 2.0L has the pressure of 1.2 atm, what will the pressure be if the volume is reduced by half?
Boyle's Law can be expressed mathematically as $P_1V_1 = ______$
Boyle's Law can be expressed mathematically as $P_1V_1 = ______$
Match the real-life example with its explanation of pressure and volume:
Match the real-life example with its explanation of pressure and volume:
Flashcards
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Kinetic Molecular Theory
The theory that explains gas behavior based on molecular motion and collisions.
Boyle's Law
Boyle's Law
Volume and pressure have an inverse relationship when temperature is held constant.
Pressure
Pressure
Force exerted per unit area by a gas on the walls of its container.
Volume
Volume
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Boyle's Law Equation
Boyle's Law Equation
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Boyle's Law and Breathing
Boyle's Law and Breathing
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Temperature
Temperature
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Syringe and Boyle's Law
Syringe and Boyle's Law
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Spray Paint and Boyle's Law
Spray Paint and Boyle's Law
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Scuba Diving and Boyle's Law
Scuba Diving and Boyle's Law
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Study Notes
- Science 10, Quarter 4, Week 1 is about Boyle's Law
Most Essential Learning Competencies
- Investigate the relationship between volume and pressure at a constant temperature of a gas (S10MT-IVa-b-21)
Learning Goals
- Solve problems involving changes in the condition of a gas using the equation for Boyle's Law
- Give applications of Boyle's Law in real-life situations
Robert Boyle
- In 1662, Robert Boyle studied the relationship between a gas's volume and pressure
- He varied the pressure, noticing its effect on the gas's volume, without altering temperature
- Boyle noticed a gas's volume decreased with increased pressure
- This is known as Boyle's Law
Boyle's Law & Kinetic Molecular Theory
- Kinetic Molecular Theory explains Boyle's conclusion
- Gas molecules exert pressure on a container's walls
- Molecules move closer when pressure is applied, decreasing volume
- This increases the chance of collisions between molecules and the container's walls, thus increasing pressure
Measurable Properties of Gases
- Gases are described based on measurable properties used in gas laws
Pressure
- Pressure is the force exerted by a gas on the container's walls divided by the surface area
- Common units of pressure:
- Pascal (Pa)
- Atmosphere (atm)
- Torr
- Millimeter mercury (mm Hg)
- Conversion:
- 1 atm = 760 torr = 760 mm Hg
- 1 torr = 1 mm Hg
- 1 atm = 101 325 Pa
Volume
- Volume is space occupied where a gas's volume is equal to its vessel or container
- Common units of volume:
- Cubic meter (m³)
- Cubic centimeter (cm³)
- Liter (L)
- Milliliter (mL)
Temperature
- Temperature is the degree of hotness and coldness of an object
- Common units of temperature:
- Celsius (°C)
- Fahrenheit (°F)
- Kelvin (K)
Mathematical Features of Boyle's Law
- Boyle's Law expressed mathematically at a constant temperature:
- P ∝ 1/V
- Constant "k" removes the proportionality sign:
- PV = k
- Applying Boyle's Law:
- If the same gas is brought into two different pressures, it will result in two distinct volumes, with the same value for k and the equation becomes:
- P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
- P₁ = initial pressure
- V₁ = initial volume
- P₂ = final pressure
- V₂ = final volume
- P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
- If the same gas is brought into two different pressures, it will result in two distinct volumes, with the same value for k and the equation becomes:
Sample Problems
- Two hundred mL of gas is contained in a vessel under a pressure of 800 mmHg.
- If the pressure changes to 1000 mmHg, what is the new volume, assuming temperature is constant?
- V₂ = 160 mL
- If the pressure changes to 1000 mmHg, what is the new volume, assuming temperature is constant?
- A 2.50-L sample of gas is collected at 1.50 atm.
- What pressure is needed to reduce the volume of the gas to 1.00 L, if the temperature remains unchanged?
- P₂ = 3.75 atm
- What pressure is needed to reduce the volume of the gas to 1.00 L, if the temperature remains unchanged?
Boyle's Law - Real Life Examples
-
Breathing:
- Lungs use Boyle's Law during respiration
- Inhaling: lungs fill with air and expand; volume increases, pressure decreases
- Exhaling: Lungs evacuate air and shrink; volume decreases, and pressure increases
- Pressure and volume change momentarily and periodically
-
Syringe:
- Syringes use a cylinder to contain fluids and a plunger to vary pressure to insert or withdraw fluids
- Cylinder volume reduces increasing pressure when pressing down
- Pulling the plunger increases the volume, reducing the pressure
-
Spray Paints:
- Spray paints function on Boyle's law
- Significant pressure is exerted by paint molecules on the can's body
- Volume inside is reduced when the top is pressed
- Paint is expelled at great pressure
-
Scuba Diving
- Descent: As a diver descends, the water pressure around him increases, causing the air in his scuba equipment and body to occupy a smaller volume (compress)
- Ascent: As a diver ascends, water pressure decreases, so Boyle's Law states that the air in his gear and body expands to occupy a greater volume
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