School Administration Basics

Pupil Personnel Services

• This course is EMA 108

Course Content

• Administration involves a definition, personnel, and pupil-personnel aspects.
• Pupil personnel service exists within the school system.
• Planning stages exist for student activities.
• The Dean of Student Affairs has specific functions.
• Students participate in school management through the committee system.
• Committees have functions.
• Student retention, attraction, admission, and overall retention are key topics.
• Personnel services are offered within schools.
• There are overall goals for personnel management.
• A personal plan is a component.
• Administering personnel services happens in schools.
• There is a rationale for student involvement in decision-making.
• Pupil personnel administration faces problems.

Student Service in Schools

• Includes an admission process.
• There is advertising of places.
• Forms are sold to enrolees.
• Admission/placement exams are used in the process.
• Interviews are conducted.
• An admission decision is made by placing a cut-off mark.
• A list of provisional admissions is made available.
• A final admission is made on a list.
• There is supplementary admission.
• Student resumption includes orientation, induction, and matriculation.
• Health services are offered.
• Hostel/accommodations exist.
• Transportation services are offered for students.
• Counseling/advisory services are offered.
• Library services are available to students.
• The courses have teaching, assessment/examination, and release of results.
• Remedial/improvement programmers are offered.
• Sports/recreational services exist.

Student Activities

• Involve co-curricular activities.
• Clubs exist for students.
• Societies exist in schools.
• Students play games.
• Students go camping.
• Excursion/field trips are organized.
• A student union week happens.
• Science week events occur.

Concept of Administration, Personnel Administration, and Pupil-Personnel Administration

• Administration is work dedicated to the uplifting/helping of others and aims to secure an environment that may lead to the full growth and development of individuals, society, an organization, or a nation.
• It is the range of activities connected with the organization or supervision of a company institutions or country.
• Appleby (1981) refers to the activities of the higher level of the management group who determines major aims and policies.
• The education context includes teachers, students, school heads, parents, and community members, with administration focused on the maximum quality of output.
• Philosophy sets goals.
• Psychology provides principles of teaching.
• Administration deals with practices.
• Beech (1963) states that administration is the management process concerned with the institution and carrying out procedures by which the program is laid down and communicated and the progress of activities is regulated and checked against targets and plans.
• In general education, these activities are performed by the ministry of education.
• In a narrower sense, it refers to the school head's activities in the day-to-day running (Mgt) of an educational institution.
• It deals with planning, executing and evaluating education processes.
• Educational administration involves techniques and coordination.

Personnel Administration

• It is a management function concerned with obtaining, developing, and motivating the human resources required by an organization to achieve its objectives.
• Makes the best use of the skills and capabilities of employed people with a view to attaining potentials of individual employees and organizational goals and objectives.
• Organization (1990) defines personnel management as mobilizing human resources based upon appropriate recruitment, selection, training, and placement of appointed staff to achieve objectives.

Pupil-Personnel Administration

• The main role of the school is to educate a child to the extent that they are not only functional and productive to themselves and society.
• In every school, learners are at the center of education.
• Education has shifted from subject-centeredness to child-centered activity.
• It focuses on the interests of the students rather than others involved in educational processes such as teachers or administrators.
• The school administrator must ensure learners are properly educated in a conducive learning environment.
• Refers to all activities and services rendered by school to pupils to achieve educational objectives, excluding class instruction.
• It is a service offered to assist students with personal, educational, or career goals, including guidance and counseling, school psychology, school social work, speech and learning services, health services, special education, and pupil accounting or attendance.
• Pupil personnel services comprise student services that supplement and support the instructional program.
• They are student-centered and are provided by education institutions through specialized systems designed to develop and align students' personalities positively.
• These are one of the major components of the education system, with instruction and administration.

Continued Pupil-Personnel Administration

• Aims to assist students in achieving their physical, emotional, personal, social, educational, and career goals.
• California Department of Education (1975) defined pupil personnel services as guidance offered to assist students with personal, educational, or career goals.
• Services include guidance and counseling, school psychology, school social work, speech and hearing services, health services, and special education. Other factors include pupil accounting, attendance, discipline admission, school census, and medical services.
• Poor personnel administration can negatively affect the end product and the process of education.
• These services play significant roles in helping school leavers develop their personalities and realize their true potentials, as well as help influence positive changes in learners.

School Services

• Rooted in services to individual learners with particular needs and problems.
• These are professional services other than classroom instructions and school administration.
• These are offered by schools to help pupils attain their maximum personal development and further to facilitate the efforts of parent and teachers in guiding and teaching-learning processes.
• They are for all children at all levels of ability, achievement, and adjustment and are not limited to remedial, advantaged, and crisis-oriented situations.
• Supportive of classroom functions and are not a substitute for them.
• They are performed by school counselors, remedial specialists, speech hearing clinicians, and school and research personnel.
• Vice principals have assumed responsibilities of counselors in the past.
• These seek to coordinate the efforts of several service specialists to bring about more meaningful experiences for children.
• Value added services/activities outside the classroom are dedicated to assisting learners to learn efficiently and develop personalities as they adjust to the school and community life.
• Consists of curricular, course of study, methods, law, regulations, needs

Administration

• It concerned with Human and Non-Human resources.
• Human resources consist of students, teachers, or other employees.
• Non human resources are money, buildings, equipment, or instructional suppliers.
• integrating all of these elements to effectively achieve the goal is a challenge.
• It serves the aim of education through social transformation.
• It inculcates a sense of identification in students.

Student Participation

• Enables the right pupil to receive the right type of education and to have a voice.
• Students can have discussion of things they have interest in.
• Things like decision making and welfare.
• Management relates to Process and is concerned with Results, which are easily measured.
• Administration is the Act and follows guidelines, with Results that are not measurable.
• Management functions a system to manage people.
• Administration is the act of a group administering policy making.

Planning stages for student activities

• Institutions have complex goals.
• Participations happen with other members of the school body in the decision making.
• Students want to participate.
• This participation is often neglected. Nigeria instiutions neglect the students.

Educational Administration

• It effectively promotes the development of those human qualities using appropriate materials.
• Techniques and procedures are employed in operating educational organizations in accordance with established policies.
• The scope covers administrators in academic settings, museums, correctional facilities, and community services.
• It has 4 components.

Administration Components

• Administration of school personnel
  • It includes the policies, activities, and practices of administration and staff designed to increase the effectiveness of teaching personnel and of learners.
  • It also involves framing and operating policies and procedures for recruiting and maintaining staff and students, plus any setting standards.
• School finance and budget
  • Requires that a school administrator be knowledgeable in finance management to prepare a school budget, articulate the cash inflow and outflow of the system, create alternative means of cash inflow, and distribute resources among competing needs of the organization.
• School community relation
  • School is a social institution that runs with the cooperation of students, teachers, parents, and the community.
• Curriculum organization and Management
  • Involves selecting curriculum elements, designing curriculum structure and type.
  • Administrator should lay down the proceeding.
  • There are systems of rules.
  • Aims to control student behavior.

Key Parts of School Organisation

• Guidance, discipline and punishment
• Evaluating results of the school Administration
• Evaluating desirable school and teaching performance.
• Evaluation of policies.
• Prospect of educational administration creates, optimises, provides, accelerates, motivates, and allows participation in the community.
• Challenges occur politically and cause inconsistency, freedom, and expertise issues with the educational adminsitration.

Functions of Administration

• Defining purpose of education
• Designing policies
• Laying down structure
• Prescribing responsibilities.
• Provides finance and other resources.
• The energies of workers should be stimulated and maintained to encourage good leadership within the administration. Principles of Educational Administration. Sharing experiences and delegation

Educational Administration Concepts

• Equality demands equal opportunity
• It provides freedom and justice to treat everyone with respect
• Demands recognition for good merit.
• Leadership inspires and guides students
• There is flexibility if needed
• Cooperation among all is encouraged.
• The purpose has been defined to maximize efficiency.
• Well designed policies promote good characteristics.
• Good management requires good performance.

Students Participation in School Administration

• Institutions have complex goals with supervision and coordination.
• Calls for participation of other members.
• Students wants to participate, but are sadly neglected in Nigeria and abroad.
• Leads to addiction and trouncy.
• Lack of participation causes problems in school.
• Those bad behaviors can be averted by getting children involved.
• Children should be present because they can help solve problems with time and energy.

Student involvement can be through

• Clubs
• Camping
• Games
• Excursions
• Student Union
• Cultural Week

Students are involved in school activities

• School programming
• School budget
• Regulations
• Busing and transportation
• Disciplinary committee
• Planning school ceremonies
• Time table presentation
• School plant maintainence

Rationale For Students Participation

• Reduces communication problems
• Could help narrow the communication gap that often existing i n institutions
• Reduces conflict.

Student Personnel Administration Services

• Student/Pupil Admission
• Resumption, Orientation and Induction Services
• Counselling and Guidance services
• Transportation Services
• Pupils need good food
• Health Services that should check on pupils

Students must have easy access to

• Sports and recreations
• Hostel services
• Lecture halls and laboratory service.
• Water and electricity.
• Security and safe places.
• Student Feeding Services.

Student activities planning

• Need to be prepared properly and in good time.
• Notify parents of all the event.
• Work with a good budget and approvals.
• The pupils should never be alone and mist have supervision from adults.
• Need a report at the end of the event.

Functions Of The Dean Of Student Affairs

• To have control over the student body.
• Uphold appropriate ethical behavior
• Provide and over see health insurance.
• Oversee the management of studens.
• Oversee the admin team, to make sure they are doing the right things .
• Be involved, in recruiting

Objective Of Students/ Pupil Personnel Administration

• To make sure the students are good and productive.
• To help them communicate effectively.
• Can effectively judge problems.
• Make the student part of the school.
• Aswell as part of their family at home.
• That they understand the basic facts about health and sanitation.
• Understand and appreciate their cultural heritage.
• Recognize their dignity of labor.
• Develop good moral principles.

Students Participation In Schools Management

• Students are the number one reason why schools happens.
• So its the schools job to look after them.
• Heads of schools must take leadership.

Justification For Student Participation In School Administration

• School should take control over bullying.
• Provide the students skills and build confidence. Providing opportunities for students to participate in school decision making. Has good immediate and long-term results.

Types Of Committee

• Standing committee/ permanent committee that meets regularly
• Management committee
• Special committee
• Joint committee
• Adhoc Standing/ working committee
• Finance and General purpose committee.
• Recommend new academic resources.
• Admit students into programs.
• Oversee all sport activates.

Challenges Of Committee

• Can be lots of late meetings which means lots of time needed.
• Sometimes there are funds problem.
• Lots of delays in making committee.
• Poor leaders who have lots of interest.

Investigation Into The Students Participation In Decision Making

• Always be fair to students, and never discriminate.
• The students should always be listened to.
• Always protect the student.

There have been several crisis that have been averted

• Such as rice and water, and student living issues.

Explore the basics of school administration, including its Latin origins and primary goals. Learn about student admission, the role of committees, and student services. Understand curriculum organization and the importance of guidance and discipline.