Pupil and Personnel Management

Here's the conversion of the provided text into a structured Markdown format. # PUPIL PERSONNEL SERVICES ## EMA 108 ### Course Content 1. Administration * Definition of administration * Personnel administration * Pupil-personnel administration 2. Personnel service in the schoo...

Here's the conversion of the provided text into a structured Markdown format. # PUPIL PERSONNEL SERVICES ## EMA 108 ### Course Content 1. Administration * Definition of administration * Personnel administration * Pupil-personnel administration 2. Personnel service in the school system. * planning stages for students activities. * The functions of the Dean of Student Affairs. 3. Students' participation in school management. * The committee system * The functions of committee 4. Students retention and attraction, admission and retention. 5. Personnel services in school 6. Goals of personnel management in school system 7. Preparing personal plan 8. Administering personnel services. 9. Rationale for students' involvement in decision making. 10. Problems of pupil personnel administration. ### STUDENT SERVICE IN SCHOOLS Student admission- the process--- * Advert * selling of forms * Admission/placement exams * Interview. * Admission decision/placing cut off mark * Provisional admission list. * Final Admission list * Supplementary admission. * Student resumption, orientation and induction/matriculation. * Health service * Hostel/Accommodations * Transportation services * Counseling/advisory services * Library services * Teaching, assessment/ examination, release of result. * Remedial/improvement programmers * Sport/recreational services. ### STUDENT ACTIVITIES * Co curricular activities in school * Clubs * Societies * Games * Camping * Excursion/field trip * Student union week * Science week. ### CONCEPT OF ADMINISTRATION, PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION AND PUPIL- PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION. #### Administration The word administration is form a Latin word, "Minister", which suggest services. I.e work dedicated to the uplifting/helping of others. It is the machinery through which an institution can be managed. It is a means set up for smooth and efficient working of a structure. It is concerned with development of children and youth particularly growth of the school personnel. The main objective of this is to secure an environment that may lead to the full growth and development of individuals, society, an organization or a nation. (Services to humanity result to oneness, brings hope and life to when service rendered to people is peaceful. It becomes service to God). Administration is defined as the range of activities connected with the organization or supervision of a company institutions or country. According to Appleby (1981) Administration refers to the activities of the higher level of the management group who determine major aims and policies. It is a dynamic side of education (changes in policies). Administration is the ability to coordinate many organization sometimes conflicting social energies in a single communism, so that it operates in unity. In Education context, the schools consist of diverse human-beings- teacher, students, school head and parents and well as community members. Administration here is taken by those concerned towards full utilization of resources in a manner that maximum quality of output is obtained. * Philosophy- set goals. * Psychology-principles of teaching * Administration- Deals with practices, (how students come, lecturers delivered). Beech (1963) said, administration is that part of the management process concerned with the institution and carrying out of procedures by which the programme is laid down and communicated and the progress of activities is regulated and checked against targets and plans. In general terms, administration is often used in education as those activities formed by the ministry of education. While in the narrower sense, it is used to refer to the activities of the school head in the day-to-running (Mgt) of an educational institution. It deals with planning, executing and evaluating education process. It exhibits human activity at its best. It enables the right people to receive the right type of education and from the right teacher at a cost. Educational administration therefore is those techniques and procedures employed in operating the Educational organizations in accordance with the established policies. It is concerned with the dealing and coordinating the activities of group of people. ### PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION Personnel administration is an important management function concerned with obtaining, developing and motivating the human resources required by an organization to achieve it's objectives. Personnel management is all about how to make the best use of the skills and capabilities of all those employed in the organization with a view to attaining the potentials of individual employees and organizational goals and objectives. Organization (1990) defined personnel management as the effective mobilization of human resources based upon appropriate recruitment, selection, training and placement of appointed staff in order to achieve the set goals and objectives. ### PUPIL- PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION The primary function of the school is to educate a child to the school is to educate a child to the extent that he is not only functional and productive to himself and to the society. In every school this day, the learners are at the center of the education. Education has moved from subject centeredness to child centered activity. Child-centered learning is an approach to education focusing on the interests of the students rather than those of others involved in educational process such as teachers administrators. The above, suggests the crucial position of child in the teaching and learning process. Therefore it is the responsibility of the school administrator to employ all legitimate means of ensuring that learners are properly educated in a conducive learning environment. Pupil personnel administration is therefore all activities and services rendered by the school to the pupils for the purpose of helping them achieve the educational objectives of schooling. These are services and activities rendered exclusive a of class instruction. They are service offered to student to assist them with personal, Educational, or career goals. These services include: guidance and counseling, school psychology, school social work, speech and learning services, health services, special education, pupil accounting or attendance, discipline admission and school census and medical services. Pupil personnel services typically comprise those special student services that supplement and support the instructional program. It refers to the programmes/services that are students centered and are provided by education institutions through specialized systems designed systems designed to develop and align students' personality positively. School service that supplement and support school instructional program. It is also an integral part of the total education program and should be organized and delivered for the purpose of helping students achieve maximum benefit from the school program and helping teachers, parents and others involved to provide optimum teaching and learning conditions for students. It should be designed to assure that the personal values of all program participants are respected. Pupil personnel services are one of the 3 major components of education system, the other 2 being instruction and administration. The program assists students to achieve their physical emotional, personal, social, educational and career goals. Thus services is accompanied directly through services to students and indirectly by helping school staff, parents, and other person provide optimal teaching and learning conditions for students. California Department of education (1975) defined pupil personnel services as a guidance service offered to student to assist them with personal, educational or career goals. The list of services in PUPIL- PERSONNEL function typically includes guidance and counseling, school psychology, school social work, speech and hearing services, health services and special education. Others include pupil accounting or attendance, discipline admission and school census and medical services. Students are the reason for establishment of education institutions. Poor personnel administration can have a negative effect on the end product and process of education. In this research personnel services play significant roles in helping leavers develop their personality and realize their true potentials. Students are so energetic; they need to actively participate in decision making. Otherwise they may revolt against the school if their energy is not positively sapped. This will give their little time to study and no time for mischievous act or destruction. School administrators are of course the best position to influence positive changes in learners which classroom teachers and principals cannot provide. Pupil personnel services are rooted in services to individual learners with particular needs and problems. These services are not new and have been carried on in schools, by teachers, principals, counselors and others, for many years. Pupil personnel services may be defined as those professional services other than classroom instructions and school Administration, which are offered by the school to help pupils attain their maximum personal development and further to facilitate the efforts of parent and teachers in guiding and teaching-learning process. These services are for all children All all levels ability, achievement and adjustment and as such are not limited to remedial, is advantaged and crisis-oriented situations. Pupil personnel services then are supportive of classroom functions and are not a substitute for them. These services are usually performed by school counselors, remedial specialist, speech hearing clinicians, and school and research personnel. In school, vice principals have in the past assumed responsibilities of counselors. Pupil personnel services is unique in one regard as it seek to coordinate the effort of the several services specialist in bringing about more meaningful learning experience for children. The interrelated nature of the services, to preclude unnecessary duplicate and to increase efficiency, their coordination is essential. These are value added services/activities outside the classroom are dedication the tasks if assisting learners to efficiently learn and optimally develop his/her personalities as he/she adjusts to the school and community life. ### ADMINISTRATION Administration is made up of: * Curricular, course of study, methods, law and regulations, societal needs * Human resources * Non-Human resources * Some element concerned with Human and Non-Human * Students, teachers or other employees * Money, buildings, equipment, instructional supplies. (The integration of all these elements to effectively achieve the goal is a challenge) Education administration is a means to achieve a goal. It must serve the aim of education, if education is for social transformation, it must inculcate sense of identification in students. It enables the right pupil to receive the right type of education and from the right teacher at a cost. Students have a voice in education. They can have discussion. -----What interest them? * Decision making * Welfare * Giving them a voice. ### Comparison of Management and Administration | Management | Administration | | :------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------- | | Process. | Act. | | Concerned with result. | Concerned with guidelines, laid down policy/ guideline. | | Results are easy measured. | Results are not measurable. | Management is the process of managing people or things within an organisation. It is concerned functioning of a system. Administration an act of administering the organization by a group of people. It is concerned with establishing policies that guides decision making. ### PLANNING STAGES FOR STUDENTS ACTIVITIES In Nigeria today, the goals of institutions have become so numerous and complex that the supervisory role and co-ordination functions of the school administrator single-handedly is an uphill task, this calls for Participation of other members of the institution both staff and students in decision making process. Nowadays, students do not want to be left out in school management, they want to hear and be heard, to be acknowledged, to be represented in any decision making processes pertaining to their welfare and to be equipped to keep pace with time. Unfortunately, the place of students' involvement in decision making is neglected. Unfortunately, today it seems Nigeria institutions have tended to neglect this aspect of students' attitude formation and a consequential exhibition of negative altitude through crises situation, drug addition, alcoholism and truancy. Schools are not doing enough to develop character and personality of students. Much of what teachers and schools do has little or nothing to do with the formation of a strong character or the development of the individual personality. ### Educational Administration Educational administration is concerned with the process of utilizing appropriate materials in such a way that will promote effectively, the development of human qualities. It involves all those techniques and procedures employed in operating the educational organization in accordance with the established policies. It is concerned with the dealing and coodinating the activities of groups of people. ### SCOPE OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION The scope of educational administration is vast as administrators work in academic settings, museum, correctional facility and community services organization to administer their educational programmes. The scope of administration in school is concerned with administration activities to be carried out in the school. 1. **Administration of school personnel:** The educational administration is the leader of the organization. He/she has the responsibility to manage the personnel (staff/student s) in school by harnessing the potentials of the staff and putting in place all necessary structures that allows colleagues to participate in the organization especially as it affects their job and welfare. This includes the policies, activities and practices of administration and staff that is designed to increase the effectiveness of teaching personnel and that of the learners. Hence, it is the framing and operation of policies and procedures for recruitment and maintenance of staff and students, and setting standard to be prescribed. In the same vein, the administrator has the responsibility to manage the learners. As the students are in their formative age, school administrator should have the grasp, full knowledge and understanding of different stages of students' development. (Developing competence, managing emotions, moving through autonomy towards interpendence, developing inter personal relationships, establishing identity, developing purpose, developing identity) and their relevant needs. He/she should provide necessary policies capable of shaping their academic and moral values. 2. **School Finance and Budget:** school administrator must be knowledgeable in finance management as he/she has to start by preparing school budget, articulating the cash inflow and outflow of the system. A good educational administrator creates alternative means (source) of cash inflow; distribute the resources among the competing needs of the organization. Preferentially, He/she is responsible for the procurement of educational facilities, he should be able to identify what education consumers want and provide it accordingly. Therefore, school Finance includes financing of the system, the source of funds and the estimated expenditure. I.e. if there are resources, there would be activities and if there are activities there would be outcomes. 3. **School Community Relation:** school is a social institution that runs with the cooperation if students, teachers, parents and the community. As a matter of fact, the community is the next of kin of school organization and requires the joint responsibility of the administrator and the community. It is the duty of the administrator to make the first move to have good relation with the community. Education enterprise is an open system and a social organization that foster effective relationship within it and with the public. * **HOW COMMUNITY CAN PARTICIPATE IN ADMINISTRATION OF SCHOOL.** * Involvement through mere use of service e.g. enrolling children to school- (Education for all) * Involvement through contribution of money, land, materials or labour * Involvement through attendance (e.g P.T.A. meeting) * Involvement through consultation on particular issues. * Involvement through services delivery e.g teaching students on painting, drawing, dancing, career talk. * Participation as implementers of policies * Participation in real decision making at every stage. * Identification of problems (low student participation) * Feasibility study and planning * Implementation and evaluating * Decision making * Developing relevant curriculum and learning materials (meeting the local needs). * Advocating enrollment (girl child education) and Education benefits. * Boosting morale if school staff. * Providing security for teachers by preparing adequate housing for them. 4. **Curriculum Organization and Management:** this involves the process of selecting the curriculum elements (objectives, content of subject, the current social life, and student experience, then designing the selected curriculum elements appropriately so that they can form the curriculum structure and type. Administrators should lay down the procedure and techniques for implementation of curriculum, methods of teaching and supervision of instructions. 5. **Guidance and Discipline:** Includes the system if rules, punishment and behavioral strategies appropriate to the regulation of children and the maintenance of order in schools. Its aim is to control the students' actions and behavior. The responsibility of the school administrator is for the guidance of the learners in the school. 6. **Evaluating results of the school Administration:** This is concerned with the evaluation of desirable school and teaching personnel performance, outcome of policies, activities and practices of administration of staff as well as the achievement of students in the desired form and shape (academic achievement and moral values). * **ADVANTAGES / PROSPECT OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION** 1. It creates a cordial congenial atmosphere and work culture in an institutions or an organization. 2. It provides optimization of performance through enfoldment of inherent potentialities. 3. In a democratic administration, everybody feels committed and involved in all the programs of the institution. 4. Everybody participates in then spontaneously and joyfully 5. People outside the organisation/ institutions feel committed, involved in the entire program, take interest and extend cooperation. 6. Pace of the progress of an institution is accelerated due to cooperative participation of all is concerned. 7. Proper motivation is created among the personnel for working in the institution and for themselves. 8. Local participation, initiative and support for the institutional programs are made available. * **CHALLENGES OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION** 1. Political interference (since it is a social statesmanship that guide educational activities, it could be influenced). 2. Inconsistency with social change. 3. Teachers are not involved in the tasks of making policies 4. Distance e between the administration and teacher's keep the administration ignorant of new ideas that teacher can give. 5. Productivity may not be maximized due to rigid norms. 6. Freedom of expression is not encouraged 7. Lack of expertise in the field of administration. 8. Lack of reform. ### FUNCTIONS OF ADMINISTRATION 1. Defmes purpose of education 2. Design policies 3. Lays down the structure of the organization 4. Prescribed and responsibilities of the organization. 5. Provides finance and other resources. 6. Plans and operates an effective education program. 7. Provide personal necessary to run the organization effectively. 8. Stimulates the energies of workers efforts and ensure or maintains their continuous development. 9. Provides good leadership. 10. Integrate all forces acting in the field of education. ### PRINCIPLES OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION 1. Principles of sharing responsibilities: it is concerned with sharing of experiences, and delegation of power sharing responsibilities with others. This will enable the leader and follower to have good mental health. 2. Principles of Equality: in a democratic society, it demands equal opportunity for all. All are equal in the eyes of a common man; the head should feel he is one social being in an inseparable unity of the same social structure. He should not see others as subordinate but as co-workers with shared responsibility. Equalize opportunity for under privileged and educational opportunities. 3. Principle of freedom: Democratic head gives full freedom to the staff so that they can work according to their will. They show have freedom to exercise their power. 4. Principles of cooperation: the running of school is not a one man's job. It needs combination of many hands and heads. Every members of the school should fully cooperate with the colleagues and with the head of the institution. 5. Principles of justice: Democratic administration demands full Justice on part of the headmaster of the school. Administration can only be successful if the head of school does justice to all. Everyone should be treated alike and get due importance in justice to one, is an injustice to all. Honour individuality. 6. Principles of recognition and individual worth: Quality and merit of each individual should be well recognized by the school administrators; he should understand individual capability by getting closer to them and show equality to all. 7. Principles of leadership: school Administration must possess the qualities of leadership so that others may also follow. He/she should inspire, direct, guide and lead staff, parents, students and community as well. Also allow for planning cooperatively all school program. 8. Principles of flexibility: Administration should in the wider interest of the institution be ready to accommodate others. Allow personnel to make flexible programme that suit the interest of students. 9. Principles of professional growth: The success of the administration depend to a large extent on the efficiency of his colleagues and subordinates. Therefore, he should be sincerely interested in the professional growth of his staff in order that they may be able to discharge their duties effectively. 10. Principles of cooperation: each member must work for all and all for each (one for all, all for one). ### IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION 1. The purpose of educational administration is to enable an organisation or an institution to carryout it's function with maximum efficiency. 2. To design a well-defined policies and programmes so that teaching-learning situation results in the growth and development of human being/human capabilities. 3. To make use of appropriate materials to bring about the effective development of human qualities 4. To execute the programmes and activities of the organization so that it's objectives may be achieved. 5. To assure the growth and development of students and that of people involved in management. 6. Achievement of goals- is a means towards achieving goals. It must therefore serve the aim of education. 7. Conservation of resources (natural, physical, human resources, contract to outsiders when there are professionals) / optimum use of resources (maximum benefit). 8. It enables the right pupil to receive the right education and from the right teachers at a cost that should be within the means of state and which will enable the pupils to profit from their learning. 9. To bring students and teachers together under such condition which will successfully promote good results at the end of the programme/education.. 10. Economy: it consider education as an investment, prudence (use of fund systems check and balance). The administrative setup should check that human material resources should be economically used to achieve maximum benefits. Wastage of any resources should be avoided. Education in developing country is consistently administered poorly due to lack of planning and coordinating. It therefore extra ordinary high monetary cost and proper planning and coordinating of human resources. 11. With the knowledge and understanding of organizational behaviour, administrator can perform useful functions. 12. Ensure efficient and effective delivery of relevant educational services. ### STUDENTS PARTICIPATION IN SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION There are several activities commonly found in the school, most of which are classified as co-curricular activities because they complement learning programs. In Nigeria today, the goal of institutions have become so numerous and complex that supervisory role and co-ordination functions of school administrator single- handedly is an uphill task, this call for Participation of other members of the institution (both staff and students) in decision making process. Nowadays, students do not want to be left out in school management, they want to hear and be heard, they want to be acknowledged, to be represented in any decision making process especially those that concern their welfare, unfortunately, the place of students' involvement in decision making is neglected. It seems Nigeria institutions have tended to neglect the aspect of students attitude formation, resulting to a consequential exhibition of negative attitude through crisis situation, drug addition, alcoholism and truancy. Some of the club and societies which students belong to in our post-secondary institutions like palm Wine drinkers club and the pirates encourages excessive drinking and gradual indoctrination into alcoholism. These drug addicts and alcoholics are always at the fore front perpetuating strike actions and the like on campus, they are always in the vanguard of the demonstration, the ones who lead in assault against school properties. Schools are not doing enough to develop character and personality of students. Much of what teachers and schools do have little or nothing to do with the formation of a strong character or the development of the individual personality. These maladaptive behaviors may be curbed, if students are actively involved in planning and decision making in schools. Their presence or representation in committees will create a convenient forum whereby they could plan objectively towards acquiring the organizational as well as their individual goals in life (see case of Dino Melaye). When students are not highly involved in institutional activities, e.g co-curricular activities like games, sports and other recreational activities the excess energy bottled up in them must find an escape route through revolts against their fellow student, teachers or even the administration. By involving them in decision making. It is a good means of sapping some of their time and energy, leaving them with little time for their studies and none for planning mischief and destruction. The following are list of the students activities commonly found in schools. 1. Clubs and societies- religious societies MSSN, CSA 2. Camping and hiking 3. Games 4. Excursion/field trip 5. Student union week 6. Cultural week 7. Independence day. 8. Children's day 9. International day's observation 10. Performing Arts/ music There are several other activities that may require at least students leaders and representation in the planning: 1. School programming 2. Aspect of school budget. 3. Preparation of school rules and regulations. 4. School busing and transportation 5. Students disciplinary committee 6. Planning of school ceremonies - Budgeting/ cash backing, engage home economics students. 7. School time table presentation. 8. School plant maintenance - Bush burning, environment, grass cutting, sweeping of classroom. ### RATIONALE FOR STUDENTS PARTICIPATION (INVOLVEMENT) IN DECISION MAKING 1. Reduce communication problems-- give them reason for extra charges on tuition fees 2. Students participation could help narrow the communication gap that often existing in institutions 3. It reduces conflict, campus tension and activism 4. It reduces student productivity since crisis situation will be reduced. 5. It allows student's ample opportunity to utilize their talents and skills in making administration better. 6. It brings about participatory democracy in which both staff and students form an integral part of decision making. 7. It provides greater approaches to problem solving which were outside the knowledge of the other individual. However, the weakness of this is that students in decision making panel could be trampled to fall in line with majority opinion because others may say yes or considering the status of those involved, their decisions may be influenced. ### STUDENTS/PUPIL PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION SERVICES 1. **Student/Pupil Admission:** without the pupils/students in the school, there will be no school. The first priority pupil-personnel function is to admit pupils into the school. In the primary level of education, enrollment of new pupils is more or less automatic given the UBE act of 2004. Generally, the admission process in secondary and post secondary schools starts with advertisement of vacancies to be filled Olin all the classes. This followed by sales of forms and placement examination dates are announced. The placement examination is usually contacted and complemented with entrance interview. The successful students are offered provisional admission, until the time they meet all admission, until the time they meet all admission requirements include payment of required school fees, medical certificate for fitness from approved medical establishment. The admission process may be completed with the publication of the final admission list and in most supplementary admission list may follow to full vacant positions created by pupil/students when declined the admission given to them. 2. **Resumption, Orientation and Induction Services:** The pupil/students resume at an appointed date, and are immediately subjected to series of Orientation programmes to let them into the environment where they will spend the next 3, 4, or 6 (few) years to learn. The students will embark on the facility of the school, by visiting all physical structures that they will be encountering during their stay their stay in the school. This includes offices, library, laboratory, classroom and hall of residence. The students will also undergo induction training, mastering the school anthem, the school mission and vision statement, the school rules and regulations and the rules guiding use of the school facilities and the school ethics. The induction/orientation programme may end with the signing of oath of allegiance/commitment to school rules and regulations. 3. **Counseling and Guidance services:** Educational counseling includes responsibility for the area of academic career and vocational, personal and social counseling and comprehensive guidance programs. Academic counseling includes establishing educational plans, optimizing achievement progress, ensuring completion of the required curriculum and advising for post secondary education opportunities. Career and vocational counseling includes planning for the future, developing career interests, encouraging realistic perceptions of work and relating to the work world. 4. **Transportation Services:** The ease and convenience of getting to the school is a major concern of most school Administration. Transport schemes of various dimensions are usually put in place to facilities pupil movement to school and their departure to various homes. The operation of school bus scheme is the most prominent of all the transportation programs. The school procures and operates the bus, and only charge pupils subsidized amount either in pre-paid or pay as you use basis. Where the School is not buoyant enough to have personal school bus, collaboration with commercial bus transport owners is a convenient alternative. The main objective of school transport scheme to ensure a safe, prompt and timely movement of pupils from their homes to the school and vice versa. 5. **Food services:** pupils need good food rich in all necessary components of vitamins, and energy. In a boarding school, school food services is not negotiable, the school keep an array of canteen staff usually headed by a matron, with a good qualification in food related discipline. In a day schoolboy vendors are employed to provide foods, snacks and drinks to the pupil during the breaks. The food vendors are usually under the supervision of a senior staff with health related discipline. Each of the vendor must have a valid certificate of medical fitness awarded (conducted) by the health and sanitation unit of the ministry of Education, alternatively this certificate of medical fitness may be required yearly from a certified medical centre/hospital. 6. **Health Services:** the school is expected to have a rest room/sick bay with all convenience at least a bed , fan, first aid box, equipped with non-prescription drugs and medical/ first aid kits. Apart from this, a boarding is expected to a medical offer on ground 24 hours, with a certificate not less than a senior nursing cadre. Most school is expected to have medical collaboration with a good government approved hospital on retainer ship basis. 7. **Sports and Recreational Services** Apart from training the mind, school are expected to also building the pupils physically, sports and Recreational activities help to discover the pupils potentials in different sports, therefore it is expected to be part of school regular routine activities. Some school Administration devotes one or two periods in a week to physical and health activities. Also regular inter house sport events and activities are scheduled to help the pupils bring out their talents in various field of sport. 8. **Accommodations/Hostel services:** Schools may also provide hostel accommodation to pupils to ease their housing problems. Pupils are better managed, monitored and controlled if they are accommodated within the school premises where school officers, matrons/ patrons, house officers are readily available. Hostel accommodation give the school enough opportunities to control pupils free hours and help them to make adequate use of their time. ### Assignment 1. why do we need pupil personnel services in school? Justify the need for PP S in school. 2. What are the identified needs of students and parents at the building/district level? * Social/Recreational Services * Library services * Boarding survey * Health or environment services * Pupil welfare services * Lecture Hall and Laboratory service * Electricity and water supply * Information and communication technology services * Student feeding services * Admission exercise * Orientation exercise * Registration of students * Co-curricular activities * Students Record * Students discipline * School medical services * Hostel accommodation * Academic Library * Students union Government * Security and safety services. * socio-cultural services * Communication services * Multi-faith programs and services * Transportation services * Automated Teller machine services. Student activities and the planning for student activities in the school. The following are the lists of student activities commonly found in schools; most of them are classified as co-curricular activities, because they complement pupils learning programmes. 1. Clubs 2. Societies 3. Games 4. Camping / hiking 5. Excursion/ field trip 6. Student Union week 7. Science week, cultural week, internal days observation, children days, may day, mother's day, a day with dad, Empire day, independence day e.t.c 8. Student government 9. Academic and literary Publication 10. Cultural week. 11. Science week. Students activities are an integral part of the school programme which complements learning programmes in order to help them grow into well rounded adults. The following are the activities commonly found in schools.. ### Planning stages for student activities. 1. The programme must be prepared for adequately 2. Enough notice (s) must be given to all stakeholders- Parents, pupils, administration e.t.c. 3. The needed budget for the activities must have been considered by the appropriate authority and approved. 4. The cash backing for the budget must be secured in time. 5. All required material, equipment must be moved in on time. 6. Reminder notes must be sent to all concerned a day before the event. 7. If the activity requires pupils leaving the school to out station consent of parents musts be sought and received before the pupil are fallen out. 8. Where pupil will mix with students from other school, or person's outside their school, adequate security must be put in place. 9. Where the activity is going to be elaborate, committee system can be adopted to work closely on each aspect of the programme and make necessary recommendations. 10. Time, they say is the soul of business, all pupil activities must be timed, and once the time for the programme elapsed, organizers should be made to end the programme 11. All pupil activities must be adequately supervised, all the planning stages must include staff officers in-charge and during the programme execution, pupil must be supervised for no reason must pupil be left alone to execute their activities without a staff supervisor. 12. Finally every activity, a report must be written at the end of the programme one by the officers in change and the second by the student-lead officer in charge. ### THE FUNCTIONS OF THE DEAN OF STUDENT AFFAIRS. The Dean of student affairs is responsible for the overall administration of a comprehensive student affairs division of higher institutions. The dean oversees a portfolio of student Affairs units, including housing and residential life, students' activities (including student government, leadership and major campus events including oriented, counseling services, career resources, judicial affairs, and disability service. ### SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS OF D.O.S.A 1. Lead, manage and assess all areas within student Affairs. 2. Serve as the chief student conduct/ judicial affairs officers. Review, update and implement code of conduct in collaboration with appropriate faculty, staff and students. 3. Oversee, the management, negotiation and update student health insurance program. 4. Provide appropriate educational activities and record keeping. Serve as human right officers for students and work with appropriate staff regarding policy and procedures in this area. 5. Lead institutional response in all student crisis situations, working with appropriate departments, and staff members as needed. 6. Lead the publication of annual student Hand book and other student affairs materials in association with appropriate staff. 7. As a member of the school's admission team, he is responsible for actively participating in the school's continuing student retention plan to meet overall enrollment goals. 8. Collaborate with Admission to coordinate the dissemination of information and materials regarding campus life and student affairs to prospective and newly matriculated students throughout the recruitment and admission process. 9. Develop string collaborative working relationships with the landlord and project management staff for current housing facility, assisted or lead efforts to locate and provide additional residence, life and housing program. Manage the school residential hostels. 10. Recruit, hire, supervise, train and evaluate all students Affairs staff, ensuring high levels of accountability. 11. Assist with formal student academic grievances and complaints. 12. Serve as chief judicial Affairs Administrator and coordinate informal and formal hearings. Coordinate the administration of the university student Disciplinary procedure S. 13. Serve as the Advisor for student government. 14. Coordinate on cell response for Emergencies. 15. Advise the vice chancellor and others in matter of student services. 16. Assist or act in the place of the vice chancellor as requested and perform ant other duties as assigned by the vice chancellor ### OBJECTIVE OF STUDENTS/ PUPIL PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION The overall objective of personnel administration/services is to ensure that the students are socially conscious of their environment, maximize their full potential and boost the institution academic programme. Precisely, PP Administration focuses on the ways that learning and development occurs beyond the classroom in all dimensions of life in an institution. (Vanshisal 2009) stated that the specified objective of PP Administration is to select the right type of student for admission with regards to qualifications and conducts; to ensure proper orientation and classification of students, and to ensure that facilities are readily available for effective teaching and learning. Specifically, NINE (9) objectives of students/ pupil personnel administration identified 1. To make the students think effectively 2. To help them communicate their thoughts clearly 3. To help them develop the skills of making relevant judgement. 4. To help them play their parts as useful members of their home and family 5. To make pupil understand the basic facts about health and sanitation. 6. To help pupil understand and appreciate their roles as citizens of Nigeria 7. To help pupil understand and appreciate their cultural heritage. 8. To make pupil recognize their dignity of labour 9. To help pupil develop a good moral principles. ### STUDENTS PARTICIPATION IN SCHOOLS MANAGEMENT. Students are the recipients of all school programmes. They are the reason why schools are