Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which term was originally coined by Eugen Bleuler to describe a type of psychotic disorder?
Which term was originally coined by Eugen Bleuler to describe a type of psychotic disorder?
- Psychosis
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Schizophrenia (correct)
What percentage of individuals with schizophrenia die by suicide?
What percentage of individuals with schizophrenia die by suicide?
- 1-2%
- 7-8%
- 3-4%
- 5-6% (correct)
What is the main characteristic of schizophrenia?
What is the main characteristic of schizophrenia?
- Loss of reality testing (correct)
- Memory loss
- Difficulty sleeping
- Impaired motor skills
Which of the following is a key symptom of schizophrenia?
Which of the following is a key symptom of schizophrenia?
Who originally coined the term 'schizophrenia' and derived it from the Greek phrase for 'split mind'?
Who originally coined the term 'schizophrenia' and derived it from the Greek phrase for 'split mind'?
When Eugen Bleuler referred to a 'splitting of the associations between basic aspects of the same personality,' what aspects was he specifically referring to?
When Eugen Bleuler referred to a 'splitting of the associations between basic aspects of the same personality,' what aspects was he specifically referring to?
Which of the following best defines a 'heterogeneous disorder'?
Which of the following best defines a 'heterogeneous disorder'?
Which age group has the highest peak onset of illness for males?
Which age group has the highest peak onset of illness for males?
When is the onset of illness more common in females?
When is the onset of illness more common in females?
Which gender tends to have better outcomes in general?
Which gender tends to have better outcomes in general?
What is the estimated lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia?
What is the estimated lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia?
Which of the following is NOT one of the categories of symptoms associated with schizophrenia?
Which of the following is NOT one of the categories of symptoms associated with schizophrenia?
Which type of symptoms in schizophrenia involve difficulties with thinking, memory, and attention?
Which type of symptoms in schizophrenia involve difficulties with thinking, memory, and attention?
What type of symptoms in schizophrenia involve an excess or distortion of normal behaviour?
What type of symptoms in schizophrenia involve an excess or distortion of normal behaviour?
Which type of hallucination is the most common in schizophrenia?
Which type of hallucination is the most common in schizophrenia?
What do auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia sometimes involve?
What do auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia sometimes involve?
What have functional neuroimaging studies found during auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia?
What have functional neuroimaging studies found during auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia?
Which of the following best describes hallucinations in schizophrenia?
Which of the following best describes hallucinations in schizophrenia?
According to the content, how are delusions defined?
According to the content, how are delusions defined?
What distinguishes delusions from other types of thoughts, according to the content?
What distinguishes delusions from other types of thoughts, according to the content?
How can delusions be characterized in terms of their plausibility, according to the content?
How can delusions be characterized in terms of their plausibility, according to the content?
Which of the following is an example of a bizarre delusion, as mentioned in the content?
Which of the following is an example of a bizarre delusion, as mentioned in the content?
Which of the following is an example of a non-bizarre delusion?
Which of the following is an example of a non-bizarre delusion?
Which type of delusion involves the belief that others are targeting the person for harassment or harm?
Which type of delusion involves the belief that others are targeting the person for harassment or harm?
Which type of delusion involves the belief that others' behavior is interpreted as meaningful or directed at them?
Which type of delusion involves the belief that others' behavior is interpreted as meaningful or directed at them?
Which type of delusion involves the belief that one's thoughts or will is being controlled by others?
Which type of delusion involves the belief that one's thoughts or will is being controlled by others?
Which type of delusion involves believing that one possesses special powers or abilities and an inflated sense of personal importance?
Which type of delusion involves believing that one possesses special powers or abilities and an inflated sense of personal importance?
Which type of symptoms in schizophrenia involve a loss or decrease in normal behavior?
Which type of symptoms in schizophrenia involve a loss or decrease in normal behavior?
Which negative symptom of schizophrenia is characterized by a lack of pleasure in day-to-day activities?
Which negative symptom of schizophrenia is characterized by a lack of pleasure in day-to-day activities?
What negative symptom of schizophrenia involves a flat or expressionless face and tone of voice, as well as a reduced ability to express emotions?
What negative symptom of schizophrenia involves a flat or expressionless face and tone of voice, as well as a reduced ability to express emotions?
Which negative symptom of schizophrenia involves a reduced interest or ability to start or continue an activity?
Which negative symptom of schizophrenia involves a reduced interest or ability to start or continue an activity?
Which negative symptom of schizophrenia is characterized by a reduced speech output aka “poverty of speech”?
Which negative symptom of schizophrenia is characterized by a reduced speech output aka “poverty of speech”?
Which negative symptom of schizophrenia is characterized by a lack of interest in social activities and forming relationships?
Which negative symptom of schizophrenia is characterized by a lack of interest in social activities and forming relationships?
Which type of symptoms in schizophrenia involve a variety of erratic behaviours that affect speech motor behaviour and emotional reactions?
Which type of symptoms in schizophrenia involve a variety of erratic behaviours that affect speech motor behaviour and emotional reactions?
Which term describes a person's tendency to provide excessive and unnecessary detail when communicating, often causing their speech to stray from the main topic?
Which term describes a person's tendency to provide excessive and unnecessary detail when communicating, often causing their speech to stray from the main topic?
What is the term for thinking that involves going off-topic during conversations and never returning to the original point?
What is the term for thinking that involves going off-topic during conversations and never returning to the original point?
What is the term for the use of words and phrases that are strung together in a way that lacks logical connections or meaningful structure?
What is the term for the use of words and phrases that are strung together in a way that lacks logical connections or meaningful structure?
What is the term for the creation of new words that have meaning only to the individual, making communication with others difficult?
What is the term for the creation of new words that have meaning only to the individual, making communication with others difficult?
What is the term for a disruption in the logical and coherent flow of thought, where the person's speech moves from one idea to another in a way that seems unrelated or only loosely connected?
What is the term for a disruption in the logical and coherent flow of thought, where the person's speech moves from one idea to another in a way that seems unrelated or only loosely connected?
What is the term for when a person's speech is abruptly interrupted, as if their thoughts have been taken away?
What is the term for when a person's speech is abruptly interrupted, as if their thoughts have been taken away?
What is the term for the repetition of a particular word, phrase, gesture, or behavior despite the context having changed?
What is the term for the repetition of a particular word, phrase, gesture, or behavior despite the context having changed?
Which term describes the repetition or echoing of words, phrases, or sounds that are spoken by someone else?
Which term describes the repetition or echoing of words, phrases, or sounds that are spoken by someone else?
What is the term for the repetitive fixed pattern of movement, such as posturing or grimacing?
What is the term for the repetitive fixed pattern of movement, such as posturing or grimacing?
Which symptom in schizophrenia involves the adoption of unusual or rigid body positions that are often maintained for an extended period of time?
Which symptom in schizophrenia involves the adoption of unusual or rigid body positions that are often maintained for an extended period of time?
What is the term for the facial expressions or movements that appear unusual, inappropriate, or disconnected from the person's emotional state or context?
What is the term for the facial expressions or movements that appear unusual, inappropriate, or disconnected from the person's emotional state or context?
Which symptom in schizophrenia involves the individual remaining consistently silent and refraining from speaking, even though they are physically capable of speech?
Which symptom in schizophrenia involves the individual remaining consistently silent and refraining from speaking, even though they are physically capable of speech?
What is the term for the maintenance of a position that a person has been placed in by another?
What is the term for the maintenance of a position that a person has been placed in by another?
Which symptom in schizophrenia involves agitated purposeless movement and a variety of hyperactive and frenzied behaviors?
Which symptom in schizophrenia involves agitated purposeless movement and a variety of hyperactive and frenzied behaviors?
Which term describes purposeless imitation of behavior witnessed in another?
Which term describes purposeless imitation of behavior witnessed in another?
Which of the following is a common characteristic of IQ scores among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia?
Which of the following is a common characteristic of IQ scores among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia?
Which cognitive skills are commonly affected by neuropsychological deficits in individuals with schizophrenia, as mentioned in the content?
Which cognitive skills are commonly affected by neuropsychological deficits in individuals with schizophrenia, as mentioned in the content?
Approximately what percentage of individuals with schizophrenia perform in the impaired range on cognitive tasks?
Approximately what percentage of individuals with schizophrenia perform in the impaired range on cognitive tasks?
What did a monozygotic twin study involving schizophrenia-discordant twin pairs reveal about cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia?
What did a monozygotic twin study involving schizophrenia-discordant twin pairs reveal about cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia?
Flashcards
Schizophrenia definition
Schizophrenia definition
A psychotic disorder characterized by a "splitting" of associations between aspects of personality, impacting thinking, feeling, and perception.
Schizophrenia mortality rate
Schizophrenia mortality rate
Approximately 5% of people with schizophrenia die by suicide.
Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia
Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia
Symptoms involving excess or distortions of normal behavior (e.g., hallucinations, delusions).
Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia
Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia
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Cognitive symptoms of Schizophrenia
Cognitive symptoms of Schizophrenia
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Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
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Delusions in Schizophrenia
Delusions in Schizophrenia
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Disorganized symptoms of Schizophrenia
Disorganized symptoms of Schizophrenia
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Alogia
Alogia
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Avolition
Avolition
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Anhedonia
Anhedonia
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Asociality
Asociality
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Prevalence of Schizophrenia
Prevalence of Schizophrenia
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Heterogeneous disorder (Schizophrenia)
Heterogeneous disorder (Schizophrenia)
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Male onset peak (Schizophrenia)
Male onset peak (Schizophrenia)
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Female onset peak (Schizophrenia)
Female onset peak (Schizophrenia)
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Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
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Auditory Hallucinations
Auditory Hallucinations
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Eugen Bleuler's contribution
Eugen Bleuler's contribution
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Study Notes
Schizophrenia
- Schizophrenia was originally coined by Eugen Bleuler to describe a type of psychotic disorder.
Mortality Rate
- Approximately 5% of individuals with schizophrenia die by suicide.
Main Characteristics
- The main characteristic of schizophrenia is a 'splitting of the associations between basic aspects of the same personality.'
Eugen Bleuler's Concept
- When Eugen Bleuler referred to a 'splitting of the associations between basic aspects of the same personality,' he was specifically referring to the disconnection between thinking, feeling, and perception.
Heterogeneous Disorder
- Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder, meaning it has multiple causes and manifestations.
Age and Gender
- The highest peak onset of illness for males is in the early to mid-20s.
- The onset of illness is more common in females in the late 20s.
- Females tend to have better outcomes in general.
Prevalence
- The estimated lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia is approximately 0.5-1%.
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
- Positive symptoms involve an excess or distortion of normal behavior.
- Negative symptoms involve a loss or decrease in normal behavior.
- Cognitive symptoms involve difficulties with thinking, memory, and attention.
Hallucinations
- The most common type of hallucination in schizophrenia is auditory.
- Auditory hallucinations sometimes involve a voice commenting on the person's actions.
- Functional neuroimaging studies have found that hallucinations in schizophrenia involve abnormal activity in the brain's auditory cortex.
- Hallucinations in schizophrenia are characterized as false sensory perceptions that occur in the absence of an external stimulus.
Delusions
- Delusions are defined as false, firm beliefs that are not based on reality.
- Delusions are distinguished from other types of thoughts by their degree of conviction and imperviousness to evidence.
- Delusions can be bizarre or non-bizarre, with bizarre delusions being more characteristic of schizophrenia.
- Examples of delusions include persecutory delusions, referential delusions, and grandiose delusions.
Negative Symptoms
- Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include alogia (poverty of speech), avolition (lack of motivation), anhedonia (lack of pleasure), and asociality (lack of interest in social activities).
Disorganized Symptoms
- Disorganized symptoms of schizophrenia involve a variety of erratic behaviors that affect speech motor behavior and emotional reactions.
- Examples of disorganized symptoms include derailment (thinking that involves going off-topic), tangentiality (thinking that involves going off-topic and never returning to the original point), and neologisms (creation of new words that have meaning only to the individual).
Cognitive Deficits
- Individuals with schizophrenia often have cognitive deficits, particularly in attention, memory, and executive function.
- Approximately 70% of individuals with schizophrenia perform in the impaired range on cognitive tasks.
- A monozygotic twin study involving schizophrenia-discordant twin pairs revealed that cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia is characterized by subtle deficits that predate the onset of illness.
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