35 Questions
Approximately what percentage of the global population is affected by schizophrenia?
1%
At what age does schizophrenia typically onset?
Late teens to mid-20’s
What is the relative risk of developing schizophrenia in children of schizophrenics?
10x higher
Which of the following is NOT a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
Alogia
What is the primary mechanism of action of antipsychotic medications?
Dopamine antagonists
What is the term for a lack of motivation in schizophrenia?
Avolition
What is the term for disorganized speech in schizophrenia?
Loose associations
Which of the following is a cognitive symptom of schizophrenia?
Disordered thinking
What is the correlation between the potency of 1st antipsychotics and their dopamine D2 antagonist effects?
Almost perfect
Which dopamine receptor subtype is excitatory?
D1
What is a key feature of the glutamate theory of schizophrenia?
An imbalance of glutamate neurotransmission
Which drugs produce schizophrenialike symptoms and are also NMDA receptor antagonists?
PCP and ketamine
What is a key feature of the serotonin theory of schizophrenia?
Alterations in 5-HT2 receptors
What is the name of the first 1st generation antipsychotic developed?
Chlorpromazine
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of 1st generation antipsychotics?
Specificity for dopamine D2 receptors only
What is the primary advantage of second-generation antipsychotics compared to first-generation antipsychotics?
Reduced risk of development of extrapyramidal side effects
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Butyrophenones?
Somewhat reduced risk of tardive dyskinesia
What is the characteristic that distinguishes Thioxanthenes from Butyrophenones?
Somewhat reduced risk of tardive dyskinesia
What is the primary difference between first-generation and second-generation antipsychotics?
Second-generation antipsychotics have a reduced risk of extrapyramidal side effects
What is the result of clozapine's discovery in the early 1960s?
Redirection of research towards atypical antipsychotics
What is the primary difference between Cyclothymic disorder and Bipolar II disorder?
Cyclothymic disorder does not meet the criteria for hypomanic or major depressive episodes
What is the primary mechanism of action of Lithium in treating bipolar disorder?
Membrane stabilization
What is the duration of a manic episode according to the DSM-V criteria?
At least 1 week
Which of the following is a symptom of a manic episode according to the DSM-V criteria?
Decreased need for sleep
What is the purpose of Lithium in treating bipolar disorder?
To reduce relapse rates
What is the classification of a bipolar disorder that does not meet the criteria for any other bipolar disorder?
Unspecified bipolar and related disorder
What is the percentage of individuals with Cyclothymic disorder that eventually develop Bipolar I or II disorder?
1/3
What is unique about clozapine in treating schizophrenia?
It shows efficacy in treating both positive and negative symptoms
What is a potentially lethal side effect of MOAI treatment?
Serotonin syndrome
What is the mechanism of action of MAO inhibitors?
Inhibiting the breakdown of monoamines
What is a side effect of tricyclic antidepressants?
Cardiotoxicity
What is the advantage of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) over tricyclic antidepressants?
They have a higher therapeutic index
What is a side effect of clozapine treatment?
Agranulocytosis
What is the mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants?
Blocking the reuptake of serotonin and NE
What is a food interaction with MAO inhibitors?
Tyramine-induced hypertensive crisis
Test your knowledge of schizophrenia, a psychiatric disorder affecting approximately 1 in 100 people worldwide. Learn about the age of onset, relative risk, and symptoms including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech and behavior.
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