Schistosomiasis: Introduction and Clinical Manifestations
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Questions and Answers

Which organ does S. haematobium primarily affect in humans?

  • Female genital system
  • Liver
  • Urinary tract (correct)
  • Intestine
  • What is a critical factor contributing to the spread of schistosomiasis in humans?

  • Dry climate
  • Poverty (correct)
  • Technology advancement
  • Industrialization
  • What has led to regional increases in schistosomiasis in some areas?

  • Reduced snail population
  • Construction of irrigation canals and dams (correct)
  • Forced migration due to armed conflict
  • Improved sanitation systems
  • Where do schistosome adults primarily live attached during copulation?

    <p>Endothelium of the veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of schistosome lives in the inferior mesenteric veins that drain the intestine?

    <p>S. mansoni</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom of chronic schistosomiasis affects children?

    <p>Physical growth and cognitive delays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the schistosome life cycle involves migration through various capillary beds?

    <p>Schistosomula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission for infection in the human host by schistosomes?

    <p>Penetration through unbroken skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the hypersensitive itchy skin reaction caused by penetrating cercariae?

    <p>Swimmer's itch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do adult schistosomes evade significant pathological damage in the host?

    <p>By avoiding exposure to the host immune surveillance system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does egg deposition occur for S. mansoni to produce intestinal and hepatic fibrosis?

    <p>Circulation of the small intestine and liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In individuals with large numbers of adult worms, where does heavy egg deposition predominantly occur?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do clinical illnesses caused by schistosomiasis generally occur only in people with recurrent heavy worm burdens?

    <p>Due to profound immunopathologic responses triggered by soluble egg antigens (SEAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon accounts for almost all of the pathology and clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis?

    <p>Egg deposition in the small intestine and liver circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does immunocompromised individuals with HIV compare to similar individuals without HIV in terms of egg shedding in stool exams?

    <p>HIV-infected individuals shed fewer eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the soluble secretions from schistosome eggs called, which trigger host inflammatory responses?

    <p>Schistosome excretory-secretory antigens (SEAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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