35 Questions
Which of the following is NOT an origin of the Upper Trapezius?
Transverse Processes of C1-4
What is the insertion point of the Levator Scapulae?
Vertebral (medial) border of scapula between superior angle and scapula spine
From which structure does the Upper Trapezius NOT originate?
Transverse Processes of C1-4
Which bone does NOT serve as an insertion point for the Upper Trapezius?
Humerus
Which ligament is associated with the origin of the Upper Trapezius?
Ligamentum Nuchae
In the scapular elevation against gravity exercise, what is the patient position?
Seated, head to contralateral side
Which muscle is palpated during the scapular elevation against gravity exercise?
Upper trapezius
Where should the force be applied to provide resistance during the scapular elevation against gravity exercise?
Top of the shoulder
What action does the patient perform during the scapular elevation against gravity exercise?
Elevate acromion toward ear
Which part of the body is stabilized during the scapular elevation against gravity exercise?
Ipsilateral side of the head
Which of the following movements is facilitated by the middle trapezius muscle?
Scapular adduction
Where does the middle trapezius muscle insert?
Acromion and scapular spine
What is the origin of the middle trapezius muscle?
Spinous process T1-T5 and supraspinal ligament
Which of the following vertebrae are involved in the origin of the middle trapezius muscle?
T1-T5
Which ligament is associated with the origin of the middle trapezius muscle?
Supraspinal ligament
The lower trapezius muscle originates from which of the following anatomical structures?
Spinous processes of T6-T12 and supraspinous ligament
In the scapular adduction test against gravity, which position should the patient’s upper extremity (UE) be placed in?
Shoulder abduction and elbow flexion
In the Scapular Add and Depression Gravity Resisted exercise, what is the position of the elbow of the patient?
Extended
What is the patient's correct position during scapular adduction gravity eliminated?
Seated, upper extremity supported in 90 degrees abduction, external rotation, elbow extended
Which muscle is palpated during scapular adduction gravity eliminated?
Middle trapezius
To which part of the scapula does the lower trapezius muscle insert?
Medial end of the scapular spine
Which area should the therapist stabilize during the scapular adduction test?
Opposite thorax/shoulder
Which muscle is specifically palpated during the Scapular Add and Depression Gravity Resisted exercise?
Lower trapezius
What action should the therapist apply resistance against during the scapular adduction test?
Scapular adduction
Where is stabilization applied during scapular adduction gravity eliminated?
Opposite shoulder, prevent trunk rotation
What is the primary action associated with the lower trapezius muscle?
Scapular adduction and depression
During the Scapular Add and Depression Gravity Resisted exercise, where should resistance be applied?
Lateral aspect of the scapula pushing into abduction and elevation
Which action does the patient perform during scapular adduction gravity eliminated?
Scapular adduction
Which nerve is visible and potentially associated with the lower trapezius muscle in the image?
Accessory nerve
When testing scapular adduction against gravity, where should the resistance be applied?
Medial border of scapula
What is the primary action the patient must perform in the Scapular Add and Depression Gravity Resisted exercise?
Raise arm to produce depression and adduction of scapula
What is the purpose of supporting the upper extremity in 90 degrees abduction during scapular adduction gravity eliminated?
To eliminate the effect of gravity
In the starting position for the Scapular Add and Depression Gravity Resisted exercise, how is the patient's head positioned?
Rotated to the opposite side of the arm lift
Which cervical vertebrae are labeled in the image shown?
C3, C4, C5
What is the purpose of stabilizing the opposite side of the thorax during the scapular adduction test?
To prevent compensatory movement of the opposite shoulder
Study Notes
Scapular Elevation
- Upper trapezius muscle:
- Originates from occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous process of C7
- Inserts into lateral 3rd clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
- Scapular elevation against gravity:
- Patient is seated, with head to contralateral side
- Therapist stabilizes ipsilateral side of head
- Resists top of shoulder into scapular depression
Scapular Adduction
- Middle trapezius muscle:
- Originates from spinous processes of T1-T5 and supraspinal ligament
- Inserts into acromion and scapular spine
- Scapular adduction against gravity:
- Patient is prone, with testing upper extremity in shoulder abduction and elbow flexion
- Therapist stabilizes opposite thorax/shoulder and applies resistance into abduction through medial border of scapula
- Scapular adduction gravity eliminated:
- Patient is seated with upper extremity supported in 90 degrees abduction, external rotation, and elbow extension
- Therapist stabilizes opposite shoulder, preventing trunk rotation
- Patient performs scapular adduction
Scapular Adduction and Depression
- Lower trapezius muscle:
- Originates from spinous processes of T6-T12 and supraspinous ligament
- Inserts into medial end of scapular spine
- Scapular adduction and depression against gravity:
- Patient is prone, with shoulder abducted 130°, elbow extended, and head rotated to opposite side
- Therapist stabilizes contralateral thorax and resists over lateral aspect of scapula, pushing into abduction and elevation
This quiz covers the anatomy of scapular elevation muscles, specifically the upper trapezius and levator scapulae, including their origins and insertions.
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