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Questions and Answers
What is the meaning of biodiversity?
What is the meaning of biodiversity?
What is the role of adrenaline in the body?
What is the role of adrenaline in the body?
What are nucleic acids?
What are nucleic acids?
What is the purpose of ATP in cellular respiration?
What is the purpose of ATP in cellular respiration?
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What is the role of chloroplast in a cell?
What is the role of chloroplast in a cell?
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What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?
What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?
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In cellular respiration, where does the majority of ATP production occur?
In cellular respiration, where does the majority of ATP production occur?
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Study Notes
Biodiversity
- Refers to the variety of life forms on Earth, encompassing different species, genetic variations, and ecosystems.
- Essential for ecosystem resilience, providing support for food chains and nurturing ecological balance.
- Biodiversity contributes to human welfare by providing resources such as food, medicine, and clean water.
Adrenaline's Role in the Body
- A hormone produced by the adrenal glands during stress, known as epinephrine.
- Increases heart rate, dilates airways, and boosts energy availability by signaling the liver to release glucose.
- Prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses by enhancing alertness and physical performance.
Nucleic Acids
- Organic molecules vital for all living organisms, primarily comprising DNA and RNA.
- DNA stores and transmits genetic information, while RNA plays an essential role in protein synthesis.
- Nucleotides, the building blocks of nucleic acids, consist of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base.
Purpose of ATP in Cellular Respiration
- ATP (adenosine triphosphate) serves as the primary energy currency in living cells.
- Produced during cellular respiration through the breakdown of glucose and other organic molecules.
- Provides energy for various cellular processes, including muscle contraction, biosynthesis, and active transport.
Role of Chloroplasts in a Cell
- Organelles found in plant cells and some protists, responsible for photosynthesis.
- Convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.
- Contain chlorophyll, the pigment that captures sunlight, and are essential for oxygen production.
Function of Enzymes in Biological Systems
- Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions, increasing the rate of reactions without being consumed.
- Lower activation energy, allowing reactions to occur at physiological temperatures.
- Highly specific for substrates, facilitating metabolic pathways and cellular processes.
ATP Production in Cellular Respiration
- Most ATP is produced during the electron transport chain, located in the mitochondria.
- Oxidative phosphorylation within the chain uses energy from electrons to generate ATP.
- Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle contribute but yield significantly less ATP compared to the electron transport phase.
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Description
Prepare for the final exam in Biology Grade 11, College Preparation by reviewing assignments, learning goals, and trusting in your hard work. The exam covers material from all unit assignments throughout the course.
