SAP S/4HANA Introduction
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Questions and Answers

John Davis won numerous downhill and cross-country championships in the mountain racing circuit in Europe.

False

Who founded Global Bike Inc.?

  • John Smith and Michael Brown
  • John Davis and Peter Schwarz (correct)
  • Peter Johnson and Matt Wilson
  • Frankenstein and Victor

    • Global Bike Inc. began producing custom trail bikes sold through a network of bike dealers nationwide in ______.

    United States

    What is the purpose of the billing process?

    <p>To generate the customer invoice and update the customer’s credit status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two models of Global Bike's signature road bikes?

    <p>deluxe and professional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of billing documents are mentioned in the document?

    <p>Order-based billing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The final payment process includes reconciling differences between payment and invoice.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does SAP stand for?

    <p>System Application and Products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the document flow feature in SAP help determine?

    <p>The status of an order at any point in time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    SAP S/4HANA is considered the next-generation Business Suite and the biggest innovation since SAP R/3.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of SAP Fiori?

    <p>User experience (UX) enhancement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    SAP S/4HANA allows real-time simplification by compressing a typical booking transaction from 15 tables to only __ tables.

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following data types in ERP systems with their descriptions:

    <p>Organizational Data = Part of the organizational unit like company code and distribution channel Master Data = Data stored for a long time and rarely changed, including customers and vendors Transaction Data = System record of business events like sales orders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of SD Master Data mentioned in the content?

    <p>Customer Master, Material Master, Condition Master</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Customer Master data contains information relevant to the entire organization.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information does the Material Master contain?

    <p>The Material Master contains all the information that a company needs to manage about a material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the SD Process with its corresponding step:

    <p>Pre-sales Activities = Creating and tracking customer contacts Sales Order Entry = Entering customer information and material details Post Goods Issue = Legal change in ownership of products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Condition Master includes prices, surcharges, discounts, freights, and ____.

    <p>taxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Invoice Processing involves verifying content, prices, and arithmetic against a Purchase Order.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the destinations for Receipts of Goods mentioned in the content?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five types of PP Master Data mentioned in the content?

    <p>Material, Bill of Materials (BOM), Routing, Work Center, Product Group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Routing is the series of sequential steps or operations that must be carried out to produce a given _________.

    <p>product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the PP organizational units with their descriptions:

    <p>Client = Independent environment in the system Company Code = Organizational unit for maintaining legal set of books Plant = Operating area within the company Storage Location = Differentiation between various material stocks Work Center Locations = Define where and when operations are performed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does MPS stand for?

    <p>Master Production Scheduling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many logical steps are involved in the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) process?

    <p>Five</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An Order Settlement involves settling the expected costs in the order to receiver cost objects.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _ Goods Issue operation calculates production dates and capacity requirements for operations within an order.

    <p>Scheduling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following operations in the Manufacturing Execution Process with their descriptions:

    <p>Production Proposal = Initial proposal for production activities Goods Issue = Calculating production dates and capacity requirements Capacity Planning = Planning resource utilization Goods Receipt = Acceptance of confirmed output into stock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two basic objectives fulfilled by the Material Ledger (ML) in SAP S/4HANA systems?

    <p>Manage material prices in multiple currencies/valuations and Actual Costing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Material Ledger allow the system to do?

    <p>Manage inventory values in additional currencies/valuations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The use of the Material Ledger is optional in SAP S/4HANA systems.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are master data elements in SAP CO? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Profit Center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of SAP Controlling (CO) module?

    <p>View costs from an internal management perspective and give a view of profitability beyond basic financial reporting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In SAP CO, Primary cost elements are used exclusively in Financial Accounting (FI).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___________ are used exclusively in CO to identify internal cost flows such as assessments or settlements.

    <p>Secondary Cost Elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following SAP CO organizational units with their descriptions:

    <p>Client = An independent environment in the system Company Code = The smallest organizational unit where a legal set of books can be maintained Controlling Area = A self-contained unit for managing revenues and expenses Operating Concern = Represents a part of an organization for which the sales market is structured uniformly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to SAP S/4HANA

    • SAP SE is a German multinational company that pioneered ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software.
    • It is one of the world's largest independent software manufacturers, with 400,000 customers in 190 countries.
    • SAP lets companies streamline processes, use live data, predict customer trends, and connect entire businesses.

    SAP History

    • 1972: SAP was founded for the development of real-time data application software.
    • 1981-1982: SAP R/2 was introduced.
    • 1986-1989: SAP R/3 was developed and presented at the CeBIT Hanover.
    • 1993-1994: The IBM Corporation started using SAP R/3.
    • 1995-1996: SAP joined the Internet, and SAP R/3 could be used online.
    • 2002: SAP became the 3rd largest independent software provider.
    • 2005-2006: The release of SAP ERP was announced.
    • 2009: SAP Business Suite 7 was launched to optimize business performance and reduce IT costs.
    • 2011: The first SAP in-memory computing product was implemented, resulting in the SAP HANA platform.
    • 2013: SAP Business Suite moved to SAP HANA, becoming the fastest-growing product in the history of enterprise software.
    • 2015: SAP S/4HANA was introduced.

    SAP ERP and SAP S/4HANA

    • SAP ERP is the standard ERP solution for companies around the world, enabling companies to support and optimize business processes.
    • SAP S/4HANA is the next-generation Business Suite, representing the biggest innovation since SAP R/3.
    • SAP S/4HANA enables digital transformation and offers real-time simplification, compressing data storage and processing.

    SAP Fiori

    • SAP Fiori is a design system and a user experience (UX) layer that allows business app creation with a consumer-grade user experience.
    • It provides a user interface for SAP S/4HANA and has three application types: transactional, analytical, and factsheet.

    Data Types

    • Organizational Data: part of the organizational unit, such as company code, plant, storage location, and distribution channel.
    • Master Data: stored for a long time and rarely changed, such as customer, material, vendor, and general ledger accounts.
    • Transaction Data: system record of the business event, referencing master data and organization data.

    Cloud vs. On-Premise

    • SAP S/4HANA can be accessed on the Cloud and On-Premise.
    • Both options can be used hybridly without losing the company's integration.

    Optimization Levers

    • Efficiency: focuses on accelerated execution, automated process steps, and digital out-tasking.
    • Effectiveness: speeds up action, de-layers processes, and raises process intelligence.
    • Agility: focuses on process flexibility, organizational flexibility, and assimilating process innovation.

    Transition to SAP S/4HANA

    • New Implementation: new implementation of SAP S/4HANA for customers migrating a legacy system.
    • System Conversion: customers want to convert their current system into an SAP S/4HANA system.
    • Landscape Transformation: customers want to consolidate their landscape or selectively transform data into a SAP S/4HANA system.

    SAP S/4HANA Case Study (Global Bike Inc.)

    • Global Bike Inc. has a practical design philosophy, founded by John Davis and Peter Schwarz.
    • The company has continued to deliver innovative high-performance bicycles to the world's most demanding competitors.
    • Global Bike Strategies:
      • Product Strategy: focuses on innovation, quality, safety, and speed to market.
      • Manufacturing Strategy: operates two production facilities, Dallas and Heidelberg, with three assembly lines that can produce around a thousand bikes annually.### Global Bike's Distribution and Partner Network
    • Global Bike sells its bicycles exclusively through reputable Independent Bicycle Dealers (IBDs) that have staff with expertise in off-road and tour racing.
    • The IBDs help consumers pick the right bike and accessories for their individual needs.
    • Global Bike uses the Internet to educate consumers and partners and market its products to a large audience.
    • Due to complex tax issues, Global Bike has limited Internet sales and mainly sells through specialty resellers.

    Distribution Network

    • The distribution network includes countries, models, and bike prices.
    • Global Bike has an extensive partner operation to ensure process continuity and provide best-in-class products.
    • The company pays special attention to nurturing and protecting strong relationships with suppliers.

    IT Strategy

    • In 2009, Global Bike used a shared services model for all IT functions in the Dallas office.
    • The company implemented SAP ERP (version 6.0) and centralized all ERP functions to reduce costs and deliver global best-in-class technology.
    • In 2017, the company moved to SAP S/4HANA to accelerate digital transformation.

    Sales and Distribution (SD)

    • SD organizational structure consists of multiple units, including Client, Company Code, Credit Control Area, Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, and Division.
    • The Sales and Distribution module manages customer- and product-related data, including sales support, sales, shipping, billing, credit management, and foreign trade.

    SD Master Data

    • SD Master Data consists of three types: Customer Master, Material Master, and Condition Master.
    • Customer Master contains information necessary for processing orders, deliveries, invoices, and customer payments.
    • Material Master contains information for managing materials, including general information, sales, and storage locations.
    • Condition Master includes prices, surcharges, discounts, freights, and taxes.

    SD Processes

    • The SD process includes pre-sales activities, sales order entry, checking availability, picking materials, packing materials, posting goods issue, invoicing the customer, and receiving customer payment.
    • Pre-sales activities include creating and tracking customer contacts and communications, implementing and tracking direct mailing, Internet, and trade fair campaigns.
    • Sales order entry involves creating a sales document that contains customer information, material/service, and quantity, pricing, shipping information, and billing information.

    Shipping and Transportation

    • The shipping process begins with creating a delivery document that controls and monitors the shipping process, including picking, packing, loading, and posting goods issue.
    • The delivery document checks orders and materials to determine if a delivery is possible and whether there is a delivery block.

    Payment

    • The billing process generates a customer invoice and updates the customer's credit status.
    • The billing document is created by copying data from the sales order and/or delivery document.
    • Payment involves posting payments against invoices and reconciling differences between payment and invoice.### MM Master Data
    • Consists of Vendor Master Data, Material Master Data, Purchasing Info Record, Condition Master Data, and Output Master Data
    • Vendor Master Data contains necessary information for business activities with an external supplier
    • Divided into three views: Client Level, Company Code Data, and Purchase Org Data

    Material Master

    • Contains all the information a company needs to manage a material
    • Stored in functional segments called Views
    • Divided into three areas: General Information, Sales, and Storage Location

    Purchasing Information Record

    • Allows buyers to determine which vendors have offered or supplied specific materials quickly
    • Serves as the default information for Purchase Orders
    • Includes data on pricing and conditions, specific lead times, last purchase order, and availability periods

    MM Processes

    • Includes the Procure-to-Pay process
    • Steps in the process: Purchase Requisition, Vendor Selection, Purchase Order, Notify Vendor, Goods Receipt, Invoice Receipt, and Payment to Vendor

    Purchase Requisition

    • Involves an internal document instructing the purchasing department to request a specific good or service
    • Can be created directly or indirectly through Materials Request Planning (MRP), Production Order, Maintenance Order, and Sales Orders

    Purchase Order

    • A formal request to a vendor for a specific material or service under stated conditions
    • Can be created manually or automatically
    • Item category (procurement type) defines the use of the order and the process that the order will follow

    Goods Receipt

    • Deals with the goods movement wherein goods are accepted into the system
    • Movement Types are three-digit keys used to represent a movement of goods
    • Destinations for Receipts of Goods include a warehouse, quality, and goods receipt blocked stock

    Invoice Processing

    • Verifies the content, prices, and arithmetic of the invoice against the Purchase Order
    • Discrepancies between the purchase order or goods receipt and the invoice will generate a warning or an error
    • Upon verification, the purchase order and the material master are updated, and the account document is created

    Payment to Vendor

    • Can be done automatically or manually
    • Elements of the Payment Transaction include Payment Method, Bank, Items to be paid, Calculate payment amount, and Print payment medium

    Production Planning and Execution (PP)

    • The process of aligning demand with manufacturing capacity in creating production and procurement schedules
    • Divided into Production Planning, Manufacturing Execution, and Production – Process Industries

    PP Organizational Structure

    • Shares some organizational units with the previous modules
    • Includes Client, Company Code, Plant, Storage Location, and Work Center Locations

    PP Master Data

    • Includes five types: Material, Bill of Materials (BOM), Routing, Work Center, and Product Group

    Material Master

    • Contains all the information a company needs to manage a material
    • Includes General Data, Material Requirement Procedure (MRP), Lot Size Data, and MRP Areas

    Bill of Materials (BOM)

    • Lists the components that make up a product or assembly
    • Three types: Single-level, Multi-level, and Variant Bill of Materials

    Routing

    • The series of sequential steps or operations that must be carried out to produce a given product
    • Enables the planning of the production of materials (products)
    • Contains each step's what, where, when, and how

    Work Center

    • The location within a plant where Value-added work (operations or activities) is performed
    • Represents people or groups of people, machines or groups of machines, and assembly lines

    Product Group

    • Aggregate planning that groups materials or other product groups (Product Families)
    • Can be a multi-level or single-level, wherein the lowest level must always consist of materials

    PP Processes

    • Includes Forecasting, Sales and Operations Planning (SOP), Master Production Scheduling (MPS), Material Requirement Planning (MRP), and Demand Management

    Forecasting

    • The foundation of a reliable Sales and Operations Planning (SOP)
    • Accurate forecasts are essential in the manufacturing sector
    • Forecasting models include Trend, Seasonal, Constant, and Trend and Seasonal

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