Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a benign salivary gland tumor?
Which of the following is a benign salivary gland tumor?
What are the major salivary glands?
What are the major salivary glands?
Parotid, Submandibular, Sublingual
Submandibular gland stones are more common than parotid gland stones.
Submandibular gland stones are more common than parotid gland stones.
True
What is the daily saliva production in liters?
What is the daily saliva production in liters?
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The duct associated with submandibular gland is called __________.
The duct associated with submandibular gland is called __________.
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Which structure is located anteriorly to the parotid gland?
Which structure is located anteriorly to the parotid gland?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a parotid swelling?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a parotid swelling?
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Name one cause for swelling in the parotid region.
Name one cause for swelling in the parotid region.
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The major function of parotid gland saliva is to be rich in __________.
The major function of parotid gland saliva is to be rich in __________.
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Match the salivary gland to its secretions:
Match the salivary gland to its secretions:
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Minor salivary glands are primarily located in the submucosa of the oral cavity.
Minor salivary glands are primarily located in the submucosa of the oral cavity.
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What structure is affected by sialadenectomy leading to loss of taste in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
What structure is affected by sialadenectomy leading to loss of taste in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
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Study Notes
Salivary Gland Tumors
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Malignant salivary tumors:
- Complications include facial nerve paralysis, lymph node metastasis, and local invasion.
- Investigations involve imaging studies (CT, MRI), biopsy, and surgical staging.
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Classification of salivary tumors:
- Benign: Epithelial tumors (pleomorphic adenoma, oncocytoma, monomorphic adenoma), and connective tissue tumors (hemangioma, lymphangioma, neurofibroma, lipoma).
- Malignant: Epithelial tumors (carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma), and connective tissue tumors (sarcoma, lymphomas).
Submandibular Gland and Lymph Node
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Differential diagnosis between submandibular salivary gland and submandibular lymph node enlargement:
- Submandibular gland swelling is often firm and rubbery, while lymph node enlargement is usually tender and mobile.
- Imaging studies can help differentiate the two.
Submandibular Sialadenectomy
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Complications of Submandibular sialadenectomy:
- Damage to lingual nerve (loss of taste), hypoglossal nerve (tongue deviation), marginal mandibular nerve (facial weakness), and facial artery (bleeding).
Parotid Swelling
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Differential diagnosis of a swelling in the parotid region:
- Pre-auricular lymph nodes (lymphadenitis, lymphoma, metastasis), parotid gland (inflammation, stone, tumor), skin/subcutaneous tissue (dermoid cyst, hematoma, abscess, lipoma), masseter (hemangioma, sebaceous cyst, fibrosarcoma), mandible (hypertrophy, osteomyelitis, tumor), and dental (brachial cyst).
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Four Special Characters of Parotid Swelling:
- Fills the hollowness between the mastoid process and angle of the mouth.
- More prominent on pressure on teeth.
- Pain referred to the ear, especially during mastication.
- May elevate the ear lobule.
Parotid Gland
- Surgical Anatomy: Parotid is the only major salivary gland with intraparenchymal lymph nodes.
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Parotid Relations:
- Anterior Medial Surface: Masseter, mandible, medial pterygoid muscle.
- Posterior Medial Surface: Styloid process, structures attached to it, mastoid process, sternocleidomastoid muscle, posterior belly of digastric, internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, last four cranial nerves, facial nerve, external carotid artery.
Minor Salivary Glands
- Location: Below the circumvallate papillae of the tongue.
- Secretions: Primarily serous.
- Names: Von Ebner, Blandin-Nuhn, Palatine, Glossopalatine, Weber.
Parotid Duct
- Location: Middle third of a line extended from the tragus of the ear to a point midway between the ala of the nose and the angle of the mouth.
Submandibular Gland Complications
- Stone Formation: More common in the submandibular gland due to viscous secretions, upward drainage, and potential foreign particle lodgement.
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Submandibular Sialadenectomy:
- May involve damage to lingual, hypoglossal, and marginal mandibular nerves.
Submandibular Triangle (Digastric Triangle)
- Boundaries: Inferior border of mandible, anterior and posterior bellies of digastric muscle.
- Floor: Hypoglossus muscle, mylohyoid muscle.
- Content: Submandibular salivary gland and lymph nodes, facial artery and vein, hypoglossal nerve, lingual nerve.
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Description
This quiz covers essential aspects of salivary gland tumors, including the classification of benign and malignant tumors, along with their complications and diagnostic approaches. It also addresses the differential diagnosis between submandibular gland and lymph node enlargement. Test your knowledge on this critical area of pathology.
