NF 39 Promoting Musculoskeletal Function
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a key term mentioned in the text?

  • Bivalved
  • Blanch (correct)
  • Dorsum
  • Counter traction force

    • What is the purpose of a continuous passive motion machine?

  • To prevent skin injury in immobile patients
  • To promote musculoskeletal function (correct)
  • To care for a cast as it dries
  • To immobilize a body part

    • Which of the following is NOT a skill mentioned in the text?

  • Applying a triangular bandage sling (correct)
  • Cast care
  • Transferring with a mechanical lift
  • Care of the patient in traction

    • What is the purpose of an external fixator?

    <p>To provide stability to fractured bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of immobility?

    <p>Stiff joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major concern when a patient's movement is restricted?

    <p>Development of pressure injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help prevent pneumonia in immobile patients?

    <p>Range-of-motion exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can impair circulation and predispose a patient to pressure injuries?

    <p>Fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended intervention for maintaining joint mobility and muscle integrity during bed rest?

    <p>Performing active or passive ROM exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of prolonged bed rest?

    <p>Thrombus formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of immobility on the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>Decreased muscle mass and muscle tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended intervention for preventing pressure injuries in immobilized patients?

    <p>Performing a skin assessment every 8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traction is typically performed by the physician prior to placing the affected extremity into a splint or cast?

    <p>Manual traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of skin traction?

    <p>To decrease muscle spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum weight that can be applied in skin traction?

    <p>15 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done to prevent injury to the patient and alteration in the effects of traction?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended way to provide emotional support to a nonalert or comatose patient?

    <p>Talk to the patient in a kind and caring voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be helpful to reduce social isolation for an immobile patient being cared for at home?

    <p>Moving the bed to the living room or family room</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help reestablish the sense of self-worth for older adults who have become immobile and may feel like a burden to their families?

    <p>Encouragement and praise from the staff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a splint as a first aid measure?

    <p>To immobilize an injured part of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can be done to relieve pressure on the tissues if a cast becomes too tight?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be done if there is a wound under the cast that needs observation?

    <p>Cut a window in the cast over the wound area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when using a spreader bar in a hip spica cast?

    <p>Using it as a handle for lifting and turning the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do hip spica casts often take longer to dry?

    <p>Because they are thicker than other casts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a cast becomes too loose after edema subsides?

    <p>Replace the cast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a spreader bar in a hip spica cast?

    <p>To maintain the desired angle at the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of skeletal traction?

    <p>Infection at the wound or pin sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To provide balance between traction pull and counter traction force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following materials is commonly used for casting?

    <p>Plaster of Paris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause circulatory impairment and pressure injuries in a casted extremity?

    <p>Padded edges of the cast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of immobility?

    <p>Decreased bone mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the major concerns when a patient's movement is restricted?

    <p>Development of pressure injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of range-of-motion (ROM) exercises for immobile patients?

    <p>To increase general oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential effect of immobility on the circulatory system?

    <p>Impaired circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traction is used to aid in the realignment of fractured bones?

    <p>Manual traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum weight that can be applied in skin traction?

    <p>15 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To prevent muscle spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of skin traction?

    <p>To decrease muscle spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a splint as a first aid measure?

    <p>To control bleeding and immobilize the injured part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To maintain parts of the body in extension and alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of prolonged bed rest?

    <p>Muscle contractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help prevent pneumonia in immobile patients?

    <p>Frequent repositioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of immobility?

    <p>Decreased respiratory function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an air fluidized bed?

    <p>To prevent pressure injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended pressure relief device for immobile patients?

    <p>Tight compression stockings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a neurovascular assessment on an immobilized extremity?

    <p>To evaluate circulation and nerve function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard of practice for bed rest care in maintaining joint mobility and muscle integrity?

    <p>Performing active or passive ROM exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of immobility on the respiratory system?

    <p>Hypostatic pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of immobility on the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>Decreased muscle mass and muscle tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended intervention for preventing pressure injuries in immobilized patients?

    <p>Performing a skin assessment every 8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traction requires the surgical placement of pins, tongs, screws, or wires that are anchored to or through the bone?

    <p>Skeletal traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum weight that can be used for skeletal traction?

    <p>30 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the LPN/LVN in maintaining skeletal traction?

    <p>Maintaining the correct weight and alignment of the traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a layer of stockinette and padding before applying a cast?

    <p>To prevent skin breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of skin traction?

    <p>Skin breakdown and injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of skeletal traction?

    <p>To apply tractive force directly to the bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended frequency for performing circulation checks in skeletal traction?

    <p>Every hour for the first 24 hours and every 4 hours thereafter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended technique for handling a cast during the drying period?

    <p>Using the palm and lateral parts of the fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of wearing a cast that is too tight?

    <p>Increased edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding extra padding beneath the edge of a cast?

    <p>To relieve pressure on the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of immobility for a patient in a hip spica cast?

    <p>Dislodgement of the spreader bar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a cast becomes too loose after edema subsides?

    <p>Replace the cast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do hip spica casts often take longer to dry compared to other casts?

    <p>Due to their size and thickness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method of turning a patient in a hip spica cast?

    <p>Grasp the cast over the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of immobility?

    <p>Increased muscle strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an external fixator?

    <p>To stabilize and align fractured bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a continuous passive motion machine?

    <p>To promote joint mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traction requires the surgical placement of pins, tongs, screws, or wires that are anchored to or through the bone?

    <p>Skeletal traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of immobility?

    <p>Decreased muscle strength and coordination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the major concerns when a patient's movement is restricted?

    <p>Development of pressure injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of immobility on the respiratory system?

    <p>Hypostatic pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can impair circulation and predispose a patient to pressure injuries?

    <p>Conditions such as fractures and trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of commercial splint mentioned in the text?

    <p>Molded splints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a splint as a first aid measure?

    <p>To immobilize an injured part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended technique for handling a cast during the drying period?

    <p>Handle the cast gently and do not change its position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of immobility on the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>Contracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of traction mentioned in the text?

    <p>Muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum weight that can be applied in skin traction?

    <p>15 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of skin traction?

    <p>To decrease muscle spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of immobility?

    <p>Increased muscle tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To prevent injury to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of range-of-motion (ROM) exercises for immobile patients?

    <p>To maintain joint mobility and muscle integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of immobility on the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>Loss of calcium from bone matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help prevent pneumonia in immobile patients?

    <p>Active movement of unaffected extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended method for preventing skin breakdown on the back and buttocks of a patient in traction?

    <p>Using skin traction with older adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum weight that can be applied in skeletal traction?

    <p>30 pounds (14 kg)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a layer of stockinette and padding before applying a cast?

    <p>To provide cushioning and comfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended technique for handling a cast during the drying period?

    <p>Using the palm and lateral parts of the fingers to handle the cast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of wearing a cast that is too tight?

    <p>Decreased circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a window cut in a cast?

    <p>To allow for observation of a wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a spreader bar in a hip spica cast?

    <p>To maintain the desired angle at the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be done if a hip spica cast becomes too loose after edema subsides?

    <p>It can be replaced with a new cast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of immobility for a patient in a hip spica cast?

    <p>Decreased circulation in the legs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended technique for handling a cast during the drying period?

    <p>Grasping the cast over the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of immobility?

    <p>Decreased respiratory exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a continuous passive motion machine?

    <p>To improve joint mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying an elastic bandage to a stump after an amputation?

    <p>To protect the wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a triangular bandage sling?

    <p>To provide support to a fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of immobility?

    <p>Increased muscle mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of immobility for a patient in a hip spica cast?

    <p>Loss of calcium from bone matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To stabilize the affected extremity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help prevent pneumonia in immobile patients?

    <p>Using pressure relief devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of immobility for a patient in a hip spica cast?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of range-of-motion (ROM) exercises for immobile patients?

    <p>To maintain joint mobility and prevent contractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of immobility on the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of immobility on the respiratory system?

    <p>Hypostatic pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traction is typically performed by the physician prior to placing the affected extremity into a splint or cast?

    <p>Manual traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum weight that can be applied in skin traction?

    <p>15 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To maintain sufficient pull of traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the LPN/LVN in maintaining skeletal traction?

    <p>Keep the patient from sliding down in the bed when in leg or back traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of skeletal traction?

    <p>Infection at the wound or pin sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum weight that can be applied in skeletal traction?

    <p>30 pounds (14 kg)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To provide stability to the affected extremity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a cast becomes too loose after edema subsides?

    <p>Adjust the cast by adding padding or applying a splint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of immobilizing an injured part with a splint?

    <p>To prevent further injury and promote healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of elevating an injured part when applying a splint?

    <p>To decrease edema and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using traction in immobilizing parts of the body?

    <p>To maintain parts of the body in extension and alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help reestablish the sense of self-worth for older adults who have become immobile and may feel like a burden to their families?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of wearing a hip spica cast?

    <p>Dislodged spreader bar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of bivalving a cast?

    <p>To relieve pressure on the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding extra padding beneath the edge of a cast?

    <p>To prevent pressure injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a window cut in a cast?

    <p>To observe a wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of securing a cast with outside bandaging or more casting material?

    <p>To prevent pressure injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of wearing a cast that is too loose?

    <p>Delayed healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard of practice for bed rest care in terms of maintaining joint mobility and muscle integrity?

    <p>Performing active or passive ROM exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of immobility on the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>Loss of calcium from bone matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential psychological effect of immobilization on patients?

    <p>Fear of abandonment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help prevent pressure injuries in immobilized patients?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of immobility for a patient in a hip spica cast?

    <p>Permanent loss of function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the major concerns when a patient's movement is restricted?

    <p>Respiratory complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To stabilize the fractured bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can impair circulation and predispose a patient to pressure injuries?

    <p>Immobilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traction requires the surgical placement of pins, tongs, screws, or wires that are anchored to or through the bone?

    <p>Skeletal traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To provide balance between traction pull and counter traction force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended intervention for preventing pressure injuries in immobilized patients?

    <p>Assessing skin temperature and color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of immobility on the respiratory system?

    <p>Pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of immobility for older adults?

    <p>Decreased sense of self-worth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a splint as a first aid measure?

    <p>To immobilize the injured part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of traction?

    <p>To maintain parts of the body in extension and alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traction is typically performed by the physician prior to placing the affected extremity into a splint or cast?

    <p>Manual traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of wearing a cast that is too tight?

    <p>Nerve injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum weight that can be applied in skin traction?

    <p>10 to 15 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of counter traction in skeletal traction?

    <p>To maintain the correct line of pull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of immobility on the circulatory system?

    <p>Decreased blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended pressure relief device for immobile patients?

    <p>Wheelchair cushion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a bivalved cast?

    <p>To allow for swelling and edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended method for preventing skin breakdown in immobilized patients?

    <p>Regular neurovascular assessments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a continuous passive motion machine?

    <p>To promote joint mobility and prevent stiffness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a hip spica cast becomes too loose after edema subsides?

    <p>The cast should be replaced with a new one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a spreader bar in a hip spica cast?

    <p>To maintain the desired angle at the hip.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be done if a cast becomes too tight?

    <p>The cast can be bivalved to relieve pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of securing a cast with outside bandaging or more casting material?

    <p>To prevent the cast from becoming too loose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of immobility for a patient in a hip spica cast?

    <p>Pressure injuries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do hip spica casts often take longer to dry?

    <p>Because of their size and thickness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Immobility and Its Consequences

    • Immobility can lead to pneumonia, circulatory impairment, pressure injuries, and muscle atrophy.
    • Prolonged bed rest can cause immobility, which can lead to complications such as pneumonia, circulatory impairment, and pressure injuries.

    Traction and Its Types

    • Traction is used to aid in the realignment of fractured bones.
    • There are three types of traction: skin traction, skeletal traction, and continuous traction.
    • Skin traction typically uses a maximum weight of 5 pounds (2.3 kg).
    • Skeletal traction requires the surgical placement of pins, tongs, screws, or wires that are anchored to or through the bone.
    • Counter traction is used to counteract the force of skeletal traction.

    Casts and Splints

    • A cast is used to immobilize and support a fractured bone.
    • Plaster of Paris is a common material used for casting.
    • Applying a layer of stockinette and padding before applying a cast helps to reduce skin irritation and pressure.
    • A splint is used as a first aid measure to immobilize and support an injured extremity.
    • A spreader bar is used in a hip spica cast to maintain the alignment of the hip and knee joints.

    Preventing Complications

    • Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises can help prevent muscle atrophy and maintain joint mobility in immobile patients.
    • Turning a patient regularly can help prevent pressure injuries and respiratory complications.
    • Applying an elastic bandage to a stump after an amputation can help promote healing and reduce swelling.
    • A triangular bandage sling can be used to immobilize and support an injured arm.

    Maintaining Muscle Integrity and Joint Mobility

    • Regular exercise and ROM exercises can help maintain muscle integrity and joint mobility in immobile patients.
    • Continuous passive motion machines can help maintain joint mobility and muscle integrity.

    Emotional Support

    • Providing emotional support and reestablishing a sense of self-worth can help older adults who have become immobile and feel like a burden to their families.
    • Reducing social isolation can help immobile patients being cared for at home.

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    NF 39 Promoting Musculoskeletal Function PDF

    Description

    Quiz: Safety Considerations in Immobilization Devices for Older Adults Test your knowledge on the safety considerations associated with immobilization devices for older adults. Learn about the reasons why skin traction is generally not used with older adults and the importance of checking the skin frequently for signs of injury. Sharpen your understanding of safety protocols and how to report any problems or skin pain to the primary care provider or traction technician.

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