29 Questions
What is the primary reason for the necessity of digestion in the human body?
To break down large and complex food molecules into small, soluble molecules
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
To absorb and transport nutrients to the body cells
Which of the following molecules does not require digestion to be absorbed into the blood?
Vitamins
Which of the following organs is NOT a part of the digestive system?
Trachea
What is the role of mechanical digestion in the alimentary canal?
To increase the surface area of food in contact with the digestive juices
What is the function of bile salts in the small intestine?
To emulsify lipids
What is the role of digestive glands in the digestive system?
To produce digestive juices that help digest food
What is the difference between physical digestion and chemical digestion?
Physical digestion breaks down food into smaller pieces, while chemical digestion breaks down food into smaller molecules
What is the correct order of the alimentary canal?
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
What is the role of digestive enzymes in chemical digestion?
To catalyze chemical reactions
Which of the following structures is responsible for producing bile?
Liver
What is the main function of the pancreatic duct?
To release digestive enzymes into the small intestine
What is the primary function of pancreatic amylase in the pancreatic juice?
To break down starch into maltose
What is the role of sodium hydrogencarbonate in the pancreatic juice and intestinal juice?
To provide an alkaline medium for the action of enzymes
What is the main function of proteases in the pancreatic juice?
To break down proteins into peptides and amino acids
What is the function of maltase in the small intestine?
To break down maltose into glucose
What is the main function of lipase in the pancreatic juice?
To break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
What is the pH of the intestinal juice?
Slightly alkaline
What is the primary function of the digestive process in human nutrition?
To break down food into simple molecules that can be transported in the circulatory system
Which of the following processes is responsible for the removal of undigested and unabsorbed materials from the body?
Egestion
What is the term for the process by which absorbed nutrients are taken up by body cells for metabolism?
Assimilation
In which process does food enter the bloodstream in the form of simple molecules?
Absorption
What is the correct order of the five main processes of nutrition in humans?
Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Assimilation, Egestion
What is the primary function of the absorption process in the small intestine?
To allow digested food substances to enter the bloodstream and be transported to body cells
What is the main difference between the functions of the small intestine and the large intestine?
The small intestine absorbs most of the nutrients, while the large intestine absorbs remaining water and electrolytes
What is the fate of the absorbed food substances in the bloodstream?
They are transported to body cells where they are used for energy and growth
What is the composition of the waste eliminated from the body through the anus?
Semi-solid waste containing undigested food substances and remaining water
What is the role of the blood capillaries in the absorption process?
To allow absorbed food substances to enter the bloodstream and be transported to body cells
What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive system?
To absorb remaining water and electrolytes, and eliminate waste
Understand the necessity of digestion in the human body. Learn how the alimentary canal's differential permeability requires large, complex food molecules to be broken down into small, soluble molecules for absorption. Discover the differences between physical and chemical digestion.
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