Human Digestive System

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What is the primary function of the mechanical digestion process in the mouth?

Absorption of digested food into blood

Breaking down carbohydrates into monosaccharides

Cutting, tearing, and grinding of food (correct)

Emulsification of fats into droplets

What is the result of chemical digestion of proteins in the digestive system?

Monosaccharides and amino acids

Fatty acids and glycerol

Peptides and amino acids (correct)

Nucleotides and lipids

What type of epithelial tissue lines the oesophagus?

Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

Columnar epithelial tissue

Stratified squamous epithelial tissue (correct)

Pseudostratified epithelial tissue

What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

Churning of food to mix with digestive enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bile in the digestive system?

Emulsification of fats into droplets Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

Production of digestive enzymes to break down nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the salivary amylase in the saliva?

Breaks down starch into disaccharides Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is responsible for the movement of food through the oesophagus?

Smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the liver in the excretory system?

To prepare materials for excretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the rugae in the stomach?

Folding of the stomach wall to increase surface area Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of removing nitrogen from amino acids and nitrogen bases called?

Deamination Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down proteins into peptides in the stomach?

Pepsin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the skin in the excretory system?

To secrete oil and water, and excrete some drugs and waste Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pyloric sphincter in the stomach?

To regulate the transfer of chyme into the duodenum Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional unit of the kidneys?

Nephron Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the oesophagus?

Absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of removing waste substances from the blood in the kidneys?

Filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive process?

Storage and breakdown of food through mechanical and chemical digestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of podocytes in the glomerular capsule?

To wrap around capillaries of the glomerulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fluid that is formed during filtration in the kidneys?

Filtrate Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bile in the digestive process?

Physically breaks down fats into smaller units Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucosa in the stomach?

Protection of the stomach from acidic chyme and bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of returning useful substances to the blood from the filtrate?

Reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of teeth is responsible for tearing food?

Canines Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone that regulates the permeability of the collecting duct?

ADH Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of substances from the blood into the filtrate?

Secretion Signup and view all the answers