Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a significant consequence of the Enclosure Acts during the Agricultural Revolution?
What was a significant consequence of the Enclosure Acts during the Agricultural Revolution?
- Decrease in rural population as small farmers were displaced (correct)
- Reduction of crop diversity through monoculture
- Increased food production due to better farming methods
- Expansion of communal farming practices
Which factor did NOT contribute to the origins of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?
Which factor did NOT contribute to the origins of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?
- A growing marketplace in the form of London
- The presence of a stable government
- Abundant natural resources like coal and iron
- Investment from foreign nations (correct)
What was the primary effect of the introduction of the steam engine?
What was the primary effect of the introduction of the steam engine?
- Increase in agricultural productivity
- Employment of labor in rural areas
- Enhancement of textile production methods
- Revolution in transportation and industrial operations (correct)
What was the significance of the world's first important railroad completed in 1830?
What was the significance of the world's first important railroad completed in 1830?
What was a key factor that distinguished industrialization in Germany from that in Britain?
What was a key factor that distinguished industrialization in Germany from that in Britain?
What was a major change workers faced when transitioning from cottage industries to factory work?
What was a major change workers faced when transitioning from cottage industries to factory work?
Who is considered the 'James Watt of Germany' for his contributions to industrialization?
Who is considered the 'James Watt of Germany' for his contributions to industrialization?
Why did early factories often hire entire family units?
Why did early factories often hire entire family units?
What was Monday popularly known as in the 1760s within the context of the cottage industry?
What was Monday popularly known as in the 1760s within the context of the cottage industry?
What was one of the main demands of the Chartist Movement?
What was one of the main demands of the Chartist Movement?
What was the primary purpose of the Great Exhibition of 1851?
What was the primary purpose of the Great Exhibition of 1851?
What was Friedrich List's primary focus in his economic theories?
What was Friedrich List's primary focus in his economic theories?
Which legislation was aimed specifically at improving conditions in factories and industries?
Which legislation was aimed specifically at improving conditions in factories and industries?
What significant social change resulted from urbanization during the Industrial Revolution?
What significant social change resulted from urbanization during the Industrial Revolution?
What was a primary characteristic of the working conditions during the Industrial Age?
What was a primary characteristic of the working conditions during the Industrial Age?
Which reformer is known for their work in urban living conditions and public health?
Which reformer is known for their work in urban living conditions and public health?
Flashcards
Agricultural Revolution
Agricultural Revolution
A period of improvements in farming techniques during the 1700s-1800s in England.
Enclosure Movement
Enclosure Movement
The process of consolidating small landholdings into larger farms in England.
Industrial Revolution origin in Britain
Industrial Revolution origin in Britain
Britain's early industrialization was driven by factors like capital, entrepreneurs, resources, government support, and access to markets.
Cottage Industry
Cottage Industry
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Steam Engine significance
Steam Engine significance
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Great Exhibition of 1851
Great Exhibition of 1851
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Continental European industrial challenges
Continental European industrial challenges
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Flying Shuttle
Flying Shuttle
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Industrialization in Continental Europe
Industrialization in Continental Europe
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Cockerill and Harkort
Cockerill and Harkort
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Government role in Industrialization
Government role in Industrialization
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Friedrich List
Friedrich List
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Industrial Revolution's Social Impact
Industrial Revolution's Social Impact
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New Industrial Entrepreneurs
New Industrial Entrepreneurs
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Early Trade Union Movement
Early Trade Union Movement
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Luddites
Luddites
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Study Notes
Industrial Revolution (1750-1850)
-
Agricultural Revolution:
- Pre-revolution farming methods were replaced by new techniques.
- Enclosure Movement: Land was consolidated, affecting farming practices.
- Immediate effects of Enclosure Acts: increased efficiency in agriculture but also decreased food availability in some areas
- Long-term effects: increased population, migration to cities, and higher demand for labor.
- Significance: Created conditions for the Industrial Revolution by increasing food production and freeing up labor.
-
Industrial Revolution in Britain:
- Origins: Britain's advantages included capital, entrepreneurs, natural resources, government support, and accessible markets.
- Cottage industry: Pre-industrial method of production where goods were made in homes. Monday was commonly a rest day in the 1760s.
-
Technological Changes:
- Textile Industry: Kay's flying shuttle, Hargreaves' spinning jenny, and Arkwright's water frame revolutionized textile production. This increased production, but impacted employees.
- Steam Engine: Early steam engines were used in mining. Their impact increased efficiency in transportation and manufacturing.
- Iron Industry: Advancements in iron production significantly boosted the industrial revolution.
- Transportation Revolution (Railroads): The first major railroad was completed in 1830, and travel speeds improved rapidly. Railroads reduced transportation costs and facilitated trade. Increased impact of overland transportation.
-
The Industrial Factory System:
- Factories emerged as the primary mode of production. Workers moved to factories en masse.
- Factory life changed workers' lives with potentially poor working conditions. Family units were hired in some cases.
- Impact on the textile industry: massive changes, impacting workers greatly.
-
Spread of Industrialization:
- Continental economies faced challenges in competing with British industrialization.
-
Social Impact:
- Population growth, urbanization, new social classes, and living conditions were major factors.
- New urban social classes emerged including factory workers, artisans, craftspeople, and servants.
- Living conditions in rapidly growing cities were drastically different, impacting various subgroups unequally.
- Women were impacted by industrialization in terms of work and social life.
-
Efforts at Change (Reformers & Government):
- Individuals campaigning against industrialization's bad effects.
- Government actions like the Factory Act of 1833, Coal Mines Act of 1842, and Ten Hours Act of 1847. Attempts to improve conditions for workers.
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