Routing Information Protocol (RIP) for IT PH-II
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of routing protocols?

  • To connect multiple networks across countries
  • To enable dynamic routing
  • To configure static routes
  • To update the routers' routing table (correct)

    • What is the purpose of enabling routing protocols in larger networks?

  • To reduce network topology changes
  • To use static routing
  • To connect different networks across countries
  • To populate the routing table contents (correct)

    • What do routing protocols enable routers to do?

  • Disable dynamic routing
  • Share network-related information by exchanging route announcements (correct)
  • Configure static routes
  • Talk to other routers using different protocols

    • What is the role of routers in efficiently interconnecting different networks?

    <p>Colossal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of routing table contents?

    <p>To select the best path between networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable drawback of using static routing?

    <p>It does not update the routing table contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do routers do when a routing protocol is enabled?

    <p>They talk to other routers in which the same routing protocol is enabled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be said about the Internet?

    <p>It is a network of networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are routing protocols in simple terms?

    <p>Languages by which routers speak about different networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the update interval for routing updates in RIP?

    <p>30 sec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a route after the invalid timer expires in RIP?

    <p>It is marked as invalid with a metric of 16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the hold down timer in RIP?

    <p>To prevent new routes from being installed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often do RIP routers send their entire routing table contents to neighboring routers?

    <p>Every 30 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum hop count of the path in RIP?

    <p>15 hops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the IP address used by RIPv1 to send routing updates?

    <p>255.255.255.255</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is supported by RIPv2 but not by RIPv1?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of exchanging routing information in RIP?

    <p>Routing by rumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the multicast address used by RIPv2 to send routing updates?

    <p>224.0.0.9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary metric used by the Routing Information Protocol (RIP)?

    <p>Hop count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ROUTER RIP command?

    <p>To enable RIP protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which command is used to display routing protocols running on a router?

    <p>SHOW IP PROTOCOLS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protocol is RIP?

    <p>Distance vector protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the NETWORK command in RIP configuration?

    <p>To make RIP advertise the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the command used to enable RIPv2?

    <p>VERSION 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is RIP protocol convenient for smaller networks?

    <p>Because it is easy to implement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do different routing protocols behave in exchanging network information?

    <p>They behave differently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an autonomous system (AS)?

    <p>A collection of connected IP routing prefixes with a single administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does RIP define?

    <p>How routers should share information when moving traffic among an interconnected group of LANs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the command used to list out routing table contents?

    <p>SHOW IP ROUTE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)?

    <p>To exchange routing information within routers of an AS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)?

    <p>BGP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is RIP?

    <p>A distance vector protocol that measures distance by calculating hop count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do routing protocols exchange?

    <p>Routing updates and other information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of routing protocols based on?

    <p>The properties of routing protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)?

    <p>To exchange routing information between different AS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)?

    <p>RIP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term 'hop count' referred to in the context of RIP?

    <p>The number of routers that a packet has to pass through from its source router to reach the destination network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What algorithm does RIP protocol use to find the best route?

    <p>Bellman Ford algorithm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the administrative distance of RIP?

    <p>120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of hops supported by RIP?

    <p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'split horizon' mechanism in RIP?

    <p>To avoid routing loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transport layer protocol used by RIP?

    <p>UDP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of routes that a RIP update message can carry?

    <p>25</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of 'poison reverse' in RIP?

    <p>To acknowledge a route poison message</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Does RIP support automatic route summarization?

    <p>Yes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines how routing protocols exchange network information?

    <p>The properties of the routing protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a collection of connected IP routing prefixes along with their routers under a single administration?

    <p>Autonomous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)?

    <p>To exchange routing information within routers of an autonomous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a routing protocol that exchanges routing information between different autonomous systems?

    <p>BGP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do routing protocols exchange network information?

    <p>Based on their properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for classifying routing protocols?

    <p>The properties of the routing protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a routing protocol?

    <p>To exchange network information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the flush timer in RIP?

    <p>To delete a route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of routing protocol is RIP?

    <p>Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome when the invalid timer expires in RIP?

    <p>The route is marked as invalid with a metric of 16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum hop count of the path in RIP?

    <p>15 hops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an autonomous system (AS) in the context of routing?

    <p>A collection of networks under a single administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do RIP routers exchange routing information?

    <p>By sending entire routing table contents as broadcast messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What improves in RIPv2 compared to RIPv1?

    <p>Support for VLSM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a routing protocol?

    <p>To update the routing table contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do larger networks prefer dynamic routing?

    <p>Because it can adapt to network topology changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do routers share network-related information?

    <p>By exchanging route announcements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an Interior Gateway Protocol?

    <p>RIP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of routing protocols based on?

    <p>Scope of operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an autonomous system?

    <p>A network or group of networks under a single administrative control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an Interior Gateway Protocol?

    <p>To manage routing within an autonomous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary metric does RIP use?

    <p>Hop count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What command is used to enable RIP on a router?

    <p>ROUTER RIP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protocol is RIP?

    <p>Distance vector protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the NETWORK command in RIP configuration?

    <p>To advertise directly connected networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the SHOW IP ROUTE command?

    <p>To list out routing table contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is RIP convenient for?

    <p>Smaller networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does RIP define?

    <p>How routers should share information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between RIPv1 and RIPv2 in terms of routing?

    <p>RIPv1 does not support classless routing, while RIPv2 does</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of RIP in terms of network management?

    <p>It has little overhead in terms of used bandwidth, configuration time, and management time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protocol is RIP?

    <p>Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an autonomous system (AS) in the context of routing protocols?

    <p>A collection of connected IP routing prefixes along with their routers under a single administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do RIPv2 routers send routing updates?

    <p>As multicast messages to 224.0.0.9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of RIPv2 that is not present in RIPv1?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of RIP for small networks?

    <p>It has low overhead in terms of used bandwidth, configuration time, and management time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of RIP as a routing protocol?

    <p>It is a distance-vector protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the hold down timer in RIP?

    <p>To prevent routing loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of hops supported by RIP?

    <p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of RIP based on its functionality?

    <p>Interior Gateway Protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the split horizon mechanism in RIP?

    <p>To prevent routing loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the administrative distance of RIP?

    <p>120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transport layer protocol used by RIP?

    <p>UDP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of routes that a RIP update message can carry?

    <p>25</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of poison reverse in RIP?

    <p>To acknowledge a route poison message</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the feature of RIP that allows it to support classless routing?

    <p>RIPv2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

    • A distance vector protocol that measures the distance to reach a remote network by calculating hop count.
    • Uses Bellman Ford algorithm to find the best route.
    • A type of Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that works within an Autonomous System (AS).

    Characteristics & Features of RIP

    • RIP is a distance vector routing protocol.
    • It is an IGP that works within an AS.
    • Administrative distance of RIP is 120.
    • Supports classless routing and VLSM (RIPv2).
    • Uses metric – hop count to decide the best path to reach a destination.
    • Sends periodic update messages to next RIP routers.
    • Entire routing table is sent each time.
    • Maximum number of hops supported by RIP is 15.
    • A route with a hop count of 16 is considered an invalid route.
    • A RIP update message can carry a maximum of 25 routes.

    RIP Timers

    • Update interval: 30 sec (routing updates are scheduled).
    • Invalid timer: 180 sec (after last update, route is marked as invalid).
    • Hold down timer: 180 sec (new routes are on hold).
    • Flush timer: 240 sec (route is deleted).

    How RIP Works

    • RIP routers send their entire routing table contents to neighbor routers periodically.
    • The receiving router processes the route announcements and updates its routing table if needed.

    RIPv1 vs RIPv2

    • RIPv1 sends entire routing table contents as broadcast messages periodically.
    • RIPv1 does not support VLSM.
    • RIPv2 sends entire routing table contents using multicast address 224.0.0.9.
    • RIPv2 supports VLSM and routing announcements contain subnet mask details.
    • RIPv2 does automatic network address summarization.

    Configuring RIP

    • Enable RIP by using the ROUTER RIP command.
    • Disable RIPv1 and enable RIPv2 using the VERSION 2 command under RIP.
    • Advertise directly connected networks as classful numbers.
    • Repeat steps for all routers.

    RIP Configuration Commands

    • ROUTER RIP: Enables RIP protocol.
    • VERSION 2: Enables RIPv2.
    • NETWORK: Makes RIP advertise the network.
    • SHOW IP PROTOCOLS: Displays routing protocols running on a router.
    • SHOW IP ROUTE: Lists out routing table contents.

    Routing Protocols

    • Routing protocols exchange network information differently, based on their properties:
      • Which routers they share information with?
      • How frequently they exchange routing updates?
      • What content they exchange?

    Classification of Routing Protocols

    • Routing protocols can be classified into two categories:
      • Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP)
      • Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGP)

    Autonomous System

    • An Autonomous System (AS) is a collection of connected IP routing prefixes and their routers, controlled by a single administration that follows a defined routing policy.

    Interior Gateway Protocols

    • IGP is a routing protocol used to exchange routing information within routers of an AS.
    • Examples of IGP include RIP, OSPF, and EIGRP.

    Exterior Gateway Protocols

    • EGP is a routing protocol that exchanges routing information between different AS.
    • Example of EGP is BGP.

    Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

    • RIP is a distance vector protocol that measures the distance to reach a remote network by calculating hop count.
    • RIP characteristics:
      • Uses hop count as its primary metric.
      • Is an IGP.
      • Has an administrative distance of 120.
      • Supports classless routing and VLSM (RIPv2).
      • Uses metric – hop count to decide best path to reach a destination.
      • Sends periodic update messages to next RIP routers.
      • Entire routing table is sent each time.
      • Maximum number of hops supported by RIP is 15.

    RIP Timers

    • RIP timers:
      • Update interval: 30 seconds
      • Invalid timer: 180 seconds
      • Hold down timer: 180 seconds
      • Flush timer: 240 seconds

    How RIP Works

    • RIP routers send their entire routing table contents to neighbor routers periodically.
    • The receiving router processes the route announcements and updates its routing table if needed.
    • This process repeats for all routers periodically.

    RIP Configuration

    • Steps to configure RIPv2:
      • Enable RIP on each router.
      • Disable RIPv1 and enable RIPv2.
      • Advertise directly connected networks as classful numbers.
      • Repeat steps for all routers.

    RIP Configuration Commands

    • Basic RIP configuration commands:
      • ROUTER RIP: Enables RIP protocol.
      • VERSION 2: Enables RIPv2.
      • NETWORK: Advertises the network.
      • SHOW IP PROTOCOLS: Displays routing protocols running on a router.
      • SHOW IP ROUTE: Lists out routing table contents.

    RIP Features

    • RIP is easy to implement and suitable for small networks.
    • RIP has little overhead regarding used bandwidth, configuration time, and management time.
    • RIP maintains only a single table – routing table.

    Comparison of RIPV1 and RIPV2

    • RIPv1:
      • Supports classful routing.
      • Only supports FLSM.
      • Does not carry subnet mask in route update messages.
      • Route updates are sent as broadcast messages.
      • Auto summarizes routes across major network boundaries.
    • RIPv2:
      • Supports classless routing.
      • Supports FLSM and VLSM.
      • Carries subnet mask in route update messages.
      • Route updates are sent as multicast messages.
      • Supports manual route summarization.
      • Supports protocol authentication between RIPv2 routers.

    RIP Metric

    • RIP metric calculation:
      • Hop count refers to the number of routers a packet has to pass through to reach the destination network.

    RIP Characteristics and Features

    • RIP is a distance vector routing protocol.
    • RIP is an IGP.
    • RIP uses Bellman-Ford algorithm to find the best route.
    • RIP supports equal cost load balancing by default.
    • RIP supports both manual and automatic route summarization (across major networks).

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    Description

    This quiz covers the concepts, characteristics, and functionality of Routing Information Protocol, including its features, format, and configuration procedures. It also compares RIPv1 and RIPv2.

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