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Questions and Answers
What is the primary advantage of IGRP over RIP?
What is a major limitation of RIP?
What is a key difference between RIPv1 and RIPv2?
What is a common characteristic of RIP, IGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS?
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What is a benefit of using IGRP over RIP in larger networks?
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What is a key feature of IGRP that helps prevent routing loops?
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What is the layer of the OSI model on which RIP operates?
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What is a characteristic of RIPv2 that is not present in RIPv1?
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What is the primary goal of the RIP protocol when choosing routing paths?
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Which metric is used to assess the likelihood that a network link will fail?
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What is the purpose of the 'cost' metric in IP routing protocols?
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Which routing protocol uses hop count as a metric to measure the distance to a destination?
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What is the purpose of the 'load' metric in IP routing protocols?
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What is the main advantage of using metrics in IP routing protocols?
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Which protocol is used to compensate for the lack of error-reporting and error-correcting mechanisms in IPv4?
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What is the purpose of the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)?
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What is the primary function of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)?
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At which layer of the OSI model does ARP operate?
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What is the value of the protocol field in the IP datagram when it encapsulates an ICMP message?
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Which protocol is not mentioned in the text as an auxiliary protocol to IP?
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What is the length of the IP addresses in IPv4?
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What is the length of the MAC addresses mentioned in the text?
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Study Notes
Routing Protocols
- RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is one of the first routing protocols, used in LANs and WANs, and runs on the Application layer of the OSI model.
- RIPv1 determines network paths based on IP destination and hop count, broadcasting its IP table to all routers connected to the network.
- RIPv2 is more sophisticated, sending its routing table to a multicast address, using authentication for security, and choosing a subnet mask and gateway for future traffic.
- RIPv2 has a maximum hop count of 15, making it unsuitable for larger networks.
IGRP
- IGRP (Interior Gateway Protocol) is a distance vector routing protocol produced by Cisco, building on RIP's foundations to function more effectively in larger networks.
- IGRP uses metrics like bandwidth, delay, reliability, and load to compare route viability, with bandwidth and delay used under default settings.
- IGRP is ideal for larger networks, broadcasting updates every 90 seconds, and has a maximum hop count of 255.
- IGRP is resistant to routing loops, updating itself automatically when route changes occur.
Routing Metrics
- Hop count measures the number of routers a packet must travel through, with the goal of minimizing hops.
- Other metrics used include bandwidth, delay, reliability, cost, and load.
ICMPv4
- ICMPv4 (Internet Control Message Protocol version 4) is a companion to IP, compensating for IP's lack of error-reporting and error-correcting mechanisms.
- ICMPv4 provides a mechanism for host and management queries, allowing hosts to determine if a router or another host is alive.
IGMP
- IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) is used for collecting information about group membership, defined at the network layer.
- IGMP messages are encapsulated in IP datagrams, like ICMP messages.
ARP
- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) maps dynamic IP addresses to permanent physical machine addresses in a LAN.
- ARP translates 32-bit IP addresses to 48-bit MAC addresses and vice versa.
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Description
This quiz covers different types of routing protocols, including RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS, and their characteristics. Learn about the features and versions of these protocols, including RIPv1 and RIPv2.