Roles of Water in Plant Physiology
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of water absorbed by the roots is lost as water vapor from the leaf during transpiration?

  • 75%
  • 90%
  • 97% (correct)
  • 50%

What is the primary function of water in maintaining cell shape and rigidity?

  • Regulating temperature homeostasis
  • Providing structural support through turgor pressure (correct)
  • Facilitating nutrient transport within the cell
  • Maintaining cell membrane integrity

What is the approximate number of water molecules diffused out for every CO2 molecule diffused in during transpiration?

  • 200
  • 500
  • 300
  • 400 (correct)

What is the molecular structure of water?

<p>H2O (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives water its polarity?

<p>The unequal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of water in facilitating aerobic respiration?

<p>It is the source of O2 for energy production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the inward force at the surface of water?

<p>The absence of water molecules above them (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What allows some objects to float or rest on the surface of water?

<p>The surface tension of water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for water's high specific heat capacity?

<p>The disruption of hydrogen bonds before the water molecules can begin moving faster (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What helps moderate temperature fluctuations in plants?

<p>The high specific heat capacity of water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of water's high heat of vaporization?

<p>It requires a high amount of heat energy to evaporate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydrogen bonds in water's heat of vaporization?

<p>They increase the heat energy required to evaporate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the molecules with the greatest kinetic energy during evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant?

<p>They are the most likely to leave as gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ability of water to dissolve a wide range of substances due to?

<p>Its polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe non-polar molecules that do not interact favorably with water?

<p>Hydrophobic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules tend to repel water?

<p>Hydrophobic substances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe polar molecules that have an affinity for water and interact easily with it?

<p>Hydrophilic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is NOT an example of a hydrophobic substance?

<p>Sugars (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary criterion for a semi-permeable membrane to allow or block substances?

<p>Size and charge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which direction do water molecules move during osmosis?

<p>From an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of equilibrium in the context of diffusion?

<p>No net movement of molecules, with concentrations remaining the same (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of higher temperatures on the rate of diffusion?

<p>It increases the rate of diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between osmosis and diffusion?

<p>The type of particles involved (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of diffusion?

<p>The spontaneous movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of solute concentration on water potential?

<p>It decreases the water potential, making it more negative. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for water potential?

<p>Megapascals (MPa) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of pressure on water potential?

<p>It can have either a positive or negative influence on water potential. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of ψS for pure water?

<p>0 MPa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the water molecules when solutes are added to a solution?

<p>They bind to solutes, reducing the capacity of the water to move and do work. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall effect of adding solutes to a solution on its water potential?

<p>It makes the water potential more negative. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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