Roles of Water in Plant Physiology
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of water absorbed by the roots is lost as water vapor from the leaf during transpiration?

  • 75%
  • 90%
  • 97% (correct)
  • 50%

    • What is the primary function of water in maintaining cell shape and rigidity?

  • Regulating temperature homeostasis
  • Providing structural support through turgor pressure (correct)
  • Facilitating nutrient transport within the cell
  • Maintaining cell membrane integrity

    • What is the approximate number of water molecules diffused out for every CO2 molecule diffused in during transpiration?

  • 200
  • 500
  • 300
  • 400 (correct)

    • What is the molecular structure of water?

    <p>H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives water its polarity?

    <p>The unequal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of water in facilitating aerobic respiration?

    <p>It is the source of O2 for energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the inward force at the surface of water?

    <p>The absence of water molecules above them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows some objects to float or rest on the surface of water?

    <p>The surface tension of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for water's high specific heat capacity?

    <p>The disruption of hydrogen bonds before the water molecules can begin moving faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What helps moderate temperature fluctuations in plants?

    <p>The high specific heat capacity of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of water's high heat of vaporization?

    <p>It requires a high amount of heat energy to evaporate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hydrogen bonds in water's heat of vaporization?

    <p>They increase the heat energy required to evaporate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the molecules with the greatest kinetic energy during evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant?

    <p>They are the most likely to leave as gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ability of water to dissolve a wide range of substances due to?

    <p>Its polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe non-polar molecules that do not interact favorably with water?

    <p>Hydrophobic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules tend to repel water?

    <p>Hydrophobic substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe polar molecules that have an affinity for water and interact easily with it?

    <p>Hydrophilic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is NOT an example of a hydrophobic substance?

    <p>Sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary criterion for a semi-permeable membrane to allow or block substances?

    <p>Size and charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which direction do water molecules move during osmosis?

    <p>From an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of equilibrium in the context of diffusion?

    <p>No net movement of molecules, with concentrations remaining the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of higher temperatures on the rate of diffusion?

    <p>It increases the rate of diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between osmosis and diffusion?

    <p>The type of particles involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of diffusion?

    <p>The spontaneous movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of solute concentration on water potential?

    <p>It decreases the water potential, making it more negative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for water potential?

    <p>Megapascals (MPa)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pressure on water potential?

    <p>It can have either a positive or negative influence on water potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of ψS for pure water?

    <p>0 MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the water molecules when solutes are added to a solution?

    <p>They bind to solutes, reducing the capacity of the water to move and do work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall effect of adding solutes to a solution on its water potential?

    <p>It makes the water potential more negative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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