Role of Major Minerals in Health and Disease

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary function of water in the body?

  • Aiding in muscle growth
  • Providing energy for physical activities
  • Enhancing memory and concentration
  • Regulating body temperature (correct)

Which mineral is commonly associated with table salt?

  • Magnesium
  • Calcium
  • Sodium (correct)
  • Phosphorus

What is a potential consequence of mineral deficiency?

  • Increased risk of obesity
  • Improved cognitive abilities
  • Enhanced immune function
  • Impaired bone health (correct)

How does the body regulate water balance?

<p>Through hormonal signals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is important for nerve function and muscle contractions?

<p>Potassium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are major food sources of calcium?

<p>Eggs and dairy products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if there is an excess of a certain mineral in the body?

<p>Toxicity leading to health issues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does magnesium play in the body?

<p>Aiding in energy production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most essential nutrient?

<p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is mainly found in extracellular fluid?

<p>Sodium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mineral found in intracellular fluid?

<p>Potassium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process allows movement of water for equalization of solute concentrations?

<p>Osmosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much water intake is recommended per day for men?

<p>2 liters/day AI +… (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of individuals has increased water needs according to the text?

<p>Pregnant women (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dissolved electrolyte is mainly found inside cells?

<p>Potassium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of major minerals in health and disease?

<p>Structural support in bones and teeth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe inorganic elemental atoms or ions that are not destroyed by heat, light, acidity, or alkalinity?

<p>Major Minerals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mineral is needed in quantities less than 100 mg per day?

<p>Trace Minerals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if an individual consumes excessive amounts of major minerals?

<p>Iron Overload (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential risk associated with overconsumption of water?

<p>Water Intoxication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What health issue did a 4-year-old child almost experience after accidentally swallowing pool water?

<p>Dry Drowning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of food should individuals focus on to ensure adequate intake of vitamins and minerals?

<p><em>Whole Foods</em> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if an individual consumes foods low in major minerals?

<p><em>Vitamin Deficiency</em> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for dehydration?

<p>Water consumption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which early signs indicate dehydration according to the text?

<p>Fatigue, headache, dark urine w/strong odor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can water loss of 20% lead to?

<p>Coma and death (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one symptom of water intoxication (overhydration) mentioned in the text?

<p>Confusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is associated with untreated glandular disorders and mental disorders that can contribute to water intoxication?

<p>Compulsive water intake; excessive retention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is most water reabsorbed in the gastrointestinal tract according to the text?

<p>Small and large intestines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What health complications are mentioned as associated with chronic dehydration?

<p>Coronary heart disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is continuously evaporated from the lungs and skin?

<p>Water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates urine concentration and volume?

<p>Vasopressin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ADH stand for in the context of fluid excretion regulation?

<p>Antidiuretic hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is part of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS)?

<p>Renin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major stimulus for thirst according to the text?

<p>Higher osmolarity of surrounding fluids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance inhibits the production of ADH?

<p>Alcohol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dryness of which body part can stimulate thirst?

<p>Mouth and mucous membranes lining esophagus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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