Role of ATP and Plant Pigments

An organic molecule used for short-term energy storage and transfer in cells. It's composed of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups.

The process where energy released from one reaction is used to power another.

Breaking down ATP to release energy, by removing a phosphate group.

Examples include: active transport, protein synthesis, and cell division

Substances in plants that absorb light energy, such as chlorophyll, which helps in photosynthesis

A green pigment found in plants that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.

Storing energy for later use in the form of chemical bonds.

Activities necessary to keep an organism alive, like growth, movement and reproduction, which require energy.

A chemical reaction that releases free energy.

A chemical reaction that absorbs free energy from its surroundings.

The addition of a phosphate group to a molecule.

A substance that absorbs visible light.

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

ATP consists of an adenosine molecule with three phosphate groups.

ATP is converted to ADP when energy is used and back to ATP when energy is stored.

Reforming ATP from ADP using energy and phosphate.

Energy released from ATP hydrolysis powers cellular processes.

ATP transfers energy between catabolic and anabolic processes.

A chemical reaction that uses water to break down a molecule and release energy.

Chlorophyll, a green pigment, is responsible for the green color of plants. It reflects green light and absorbs other colors, primarily red and blue.

Pigments in plants that absorb light wavelengths chlorophyll cannot, helping plants utilize a broader spectrum of sunlight.

Plants are green because chlorophyll, the primary pigment for photosynthesis, reflects green light and absorbs other colors.

If all colors of light are absorbed by a pigment, it appears black.

If all colors of light are reflected by a pigment, it appears white.

Accessory pigments expand the range of light absorbed by plants, allowing them to capture more energy for photosynthesis.

Plants utilize different colors of the visible light spectrum for photosynthesis. Different pigments absorb different wavelengths, maximizing energy capture.

Pigments that absorb light in the violet to greenish-blue range, appearing yellow, orange, or red. They transfer energy to chlorophyll a.

Pigments that do not participate in photosynthesis, showing colors like red, purple, blue, and violet. They are often found in flowers and fruits.

Pigments that absorb light and transfer energy to chlorophyll a. They act as antioxidants, protecting cells from damage.

Pigments that capture light energy for photosynthesis. They include chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and xanthophylls.

Accessory pigments like carotenoids and xanthophylls absorb light energy and transfer it to chlorophyll a, increasing the range of light absorbed by the plant.

Anthocyanin pigments accumulate in leaves during autumn, contributing to their red coloration. This helps protect against damage from excessive sunlight.

The chloroplasts, which are organelles found within plant cells, contain photosynthetic pigments like chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and xanthophylls.