RNA Primers and DNA Replication
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Questions and Answers

Which process involves the separation of sister chromatids during cell division?

  • Mitosis (correct)
  • DNA replication
  • DNA repair
  • Cytokinesis

    • When does DNA synthesis occur during the cell cycle?

  • G1 phase
  • M phase
  • S phase (correct)
  • Interphase

    • Why is accurate DNA replication important for cells?

  • To distribute genetic material to daughter cells
  • To prevent genetic mutations (correct)
  • To repair damaged DNA
  • To ensure proper cell division

    • What are sister chromatids?

    <p>Duplicated chromosomes attached to each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA strands during replication in E. coli?

    <p>DnaB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein complex binds the replication origin in eukaryotes?

    <p>ORC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of DNA synthesis during replication?

    <p>5' -&gt; 3'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the prereplication complex in eukaryotes?

    <p>License replication origins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for joining the Okazaki fragments during DNA replication?

    <p>DNA ligase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of synthesis for the leading strand during DNA replication?

    <p>5' -&gt; 3'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of RNA primers in DNA replication?

    <p>To initiate DNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for proofreading during DNA replication?

    <p>DNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for DNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes?

    <p>DNA polymerase III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of DNA polymerase I in bacteria?

    <p>RNA primer removal and replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is responsible for unwinding double-stranded DNA in both bacteria and eukaryotes?

    <p>DNA helicase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in joining adjacent DNA strands in both bacteria and eukaryotes?

    <p>DNA ligase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for removing the RNA primer during DNA replication in E. coli?

    <p>DNA polymerase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is responsible for keeping the DNA unwound and accessible to the replication machinery?

    <p>SSB (single-stranded DNA binding protein)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key enzyme for DNA replication in E. coli?

    <p>Gyrase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protein complex called that includes the clamp loader, sliding clamp, and DNA polymerase linked together?

    <p>Holoenzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of DNA replication suggests that the parent molecule is intact and a completely new copy is made?

    <p>Conservative replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key suggestion of the Watson and Crick model of DNA replication?

    <p>DNA replication is semiconservative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl demonstrate that DNA replication is semiconservative?

    <p>By using 14N and 15N to distinguish newly formed DNA strands from old strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In E. coli, how does DNA replication proceed?

    <p>In a bidirectional manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the leading and lagging strands in DNA replication is correct?

    <p>The sliding clamp and polymerase remain attached to the leading strand throughout replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein acts along with DNA polymerase in eukaryotes during DNA replication?

    <p>Proliferating nuclear cell antigen (PCNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of RNAse H in eukaryotic DNA replication?

    <p>To nick the backbone of the RNA-DNA hybrid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of FEN1 in eukaryotic DNA replication?

    <p>To remove the RNA primer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are replication factories in DNA replication?

    <p>Structures that coordinate multiple origins of replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are chromatin fibers unfolded ahead of the replication fork during DNA replication?

    <p>By chromatin remodeling proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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