RN Nutrition Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What should a nurse include in teaching a client with hypertension about decreasing sodium intake?

  • Avoid drinking water
  • Add salt to meals
  • Season foods with herbs and spices (correct)
  • Consume processed foods

    • Which foods should a nurse recommend a client on warfarin to eat in moderation?

  • Whole grains
  • Fruits
  • Leafy green vegetables (correct)
  • Nuts

    • What nutritional supplement should a nurse provide for a client with acute inflammatory bowel disease?

    Hydrolyzed formula

    What laboratory finding indicates that a client has reached one of the goals of the DASH diet?

    <p>Total cholesterol 190 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What manifestation should a nurse expect in a client who has fluid volume excess?

    <p>Crackles in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse identify as a risk factor for impaired wound healing in a client consuming 1000 kcal daily?

    <p>Insufficient caloric intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse plan for a client following Islamic dietary laws during Ramadan?

    <p>Provide a snack for the client after sunset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates a newly diagnosed type one diabetes mellitus client understands carbohydrate counting?

    <p>I know that serving size can affect the number of carbohydrates I eat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention should a nurse implement to increase nutritional intake for a client experiencing anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Add extra calories and protein to every meal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take to assess for somogyi phenomenon in an adolescent with type one diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Monitor blood glucose levels during the night.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse instruct a postpartum client about breast milk use and storage?

    <p>You cannot please thawed breast milk back in the freezer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take to reduce the risk of aspiration when feeding an infant with a cleft lip?

    <p>Squeeze the infant's cheeks together while feeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which questions should the nurse ask a client who fasts one day each week? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Are you exempt from fasting during illness?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse document as the total mL of internal fluid administered during an eight-hour shift with a continuous tube feeding at 60 mL/hour with 50 mL of water every four hours?

    <p>580 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse document in the nutrition category of the Braden scale for a client who eats more than half of most meals but occasionally refuses a meal?

    <p>3 (adequate)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates that a guardian understands the introduction of solid foods for a four-month-old infant?

    <p>I will introduce a new solid food every five days.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates a client's understanding of the teaching about HbA1c levels in terms of diabetes management?

    <p>This shows I have not been following my diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instruction should a nurse provide to an adolescent aiming to lower solid fat intake?

    <p>Restrict your daily meat intake to 5 ounces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instruction should be included in teaching about measures to reduce the risk of osteomalacia?

    <p>Consume 20 mcg of vitamin D daily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary choice would be appropriate for a client who adheres to a kosher diet?

    <p>Vegetable salad with cheese.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What food should a nurse identify as having the highest glycemic index for clients with diabetes?

    <p>Baked potato.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates an understanding of nutrient-dense food choices among adolescents?

    <p>Canned pinto beans are a better choice than refried beans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding should a nurse identify as a manifestation of hypoglycemia during an assessment of a client with diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Diaphoresis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding indicates dysphagia following a stroke?

    <p>The client's voice changes after eating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention should be included in the plan of care for a client with dumping syndrome following a gastrectomy?

    <p>Select grains with less than 2 g fiber per serving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse do when there is a delay in delivering the next bag of TPN solution?

    <p>Infuse dextrose 10% in water when the current infusion ends.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instruction should a nurse include for a postpartum client about breastfeeding?

    <p>Plan five minute feedings on each breast on the first day after birth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information should a nurse provide to a client with dumping syndrome?

    <p>Apply pectin to foods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What food should a nurse question a client about consuming if they are taking an MAOI?

    <p>Cheddar cheese.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initial action should a nurse take for a client desiring to lose weight?

    <p>Obtain a 24-hour dietary recall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse plan for a client who is dehydrated and receiving intermittent enteral feeding?

    <p>Provide the formula as a continuous infusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advice should a nurse provide for a client at eight weeks of gestation with a BMI of 34 about weight goals during pregnancy?

    <p>Gain approximately 6.8 kg or 15 pounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What priority finding should a nurse monitor for a client with Parkinson's disease during meal times?

    <p>The client drools while eating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What beverage should a nurse include as contraindicated while taking atorvastatin?

    <p>Grapefruit juice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What response should a nurse provide to a client about the continuation of TPN after starting oral diet?

    <p>You should consume at least 60% of your calories orally before the parenteral nutrition can be discontinued.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take to reduce diarrhea for a client receiving continuous enteral feeding?

    <p>Decrease the rate of the feeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates an understanding of stress management among clients?

    <p>I will take a long walk every evening.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding is expected in a client with acute pancreatitis?

    <p>Increase glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What client statement indicates understanding of dietary factors for blood pressure management?

    <p>I should choose whole-grain pasta when selecting my food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advice should a nurse provide to a client about increasing dietary fiber intake to alleviate constipation?

    <p>Leave the skin on when eating fruit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary instruction should a nurse provide to a postoperative client following gastric bypass?

    <p>Begin each meal with a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What micronutrient should a nurse include in teaching dietary increases for a client with difficulty seeing at night?

    <p>Vitamin A.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary advice should a nurse include in a cancer prevention seminar?

    <p>Eat at least 2.5 cups of fruits and vegetables each day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What food should a nurse recommend as the best source of zinc for a vegetarian client?

    <p>Pinto beans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential adverse effect should a nurse monitor for in a client receiving radiation therapy post head and neck resection?

    <p>Changes in the production of saliva.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advice should a nurse include in a weight management class for cardiovascular health?

    <p>Plan to lose weight gradually at 1-2 pounds per week.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What food allergy should a nurse report before administering parenteral nutrition containing dextrose, amino acids, and lipids?

    <p>Eggs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary change should a nurse suggest to a client with celiac disease?

    <p>I need to eliminate rye from my diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What food should a nurse instruct a client with osteoporosis to consume for the highest amount of calcium?

    <p>1/2 cup roasted almonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sodium level should a nurse identify as indicating dehydration?

    <p>A client who has a sodium level of 150 mEq/L.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take to prevent aspiration in a client receiving continuous enteral tube feedings?

    <p>Monitor gastric residuals every 4 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instruction should a nurse include for a client with dumping syndrome who is experiencing weight loss?

    <p>Consume liquids between meals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indication should a nurse identify for increasing nutritional intake in a client with HIV?

    <p>Presence of herpes simplex virus infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What food choice should a nurse include for a client with chronic kidney disease focused on limiting dietary calcium?

    <p>1 cup low-fat yogurt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What expected finding should a nurse identify in a client suspected of having lactose intolerance?

    <p>Flatulence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What statement indicates understanding of dietary recommendations for hypertension?

    <p>I will eat four servings of unsalted nuts per week.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding should a nurse recognize as a manifestation of hypoglycemia in a client with type two diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Confusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention should a nurse include for a client with mucositis following head and neck radiation therapy?

    <p>Increase fluid intake to 2 L per day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What observation indicates that a guardian understands dietary changes for a three-year-old?

    <p>I will put low-fat milk in her cup for her to drink.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary guideline should a nurse include for a client starting a vegetarian diet?

    <p>Include two servings per day of nuts when on a vegetarian diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nutritional Guidance in Healthcare

    • Hypertension Management
      Emphasize seasoning with herbs and spices to reduce sodium intake.

    • Warfarin Dietary Considerations
      Recommend consuming leafy green vegetables in moderation due to their vitamin K content.

    • Inflammatory Bowel Disease Support
      Anticipate providing hydrolyzed formula as a nutritional supplement.

    • DASH Diet Goals
      A total cholesterol level of 190 mg/dL indicates adherence to the DASH diet goals.

    • Fluid Volume Excess Indicators
      Look for crackles in the lungs as a manifestation of fluid overload.

    • Wound Healing Risks
      Identify a daily intake of only 1000 kcal as a risk factor for impaired wound healing.

    • Islamic Dietary Practices During Ramadan
      Plan to provide snacks for clients after sunset to accommodate fasting.

    • Carbohydrate Counting for Diabetes
      Educate clients that serving size influences carbohydrate intake.

    • Nutritional Boost for Anorexia
      Suggest adding extra calories and protein to meals for clients experiencing anorexia nervosa.

    • Monitoring for Somogyi Phenomenon
      Advise monitoring nighttime blood glucose levels in clients with diabetes to assess for this phenomenon.

    • Breast Milk Storage Guidance
      Instruct postpartum clients that thawed breast milk cannot be refrozen.

    • Cleft Lip Feeding Techniques
      Recommend squeezing the infant's cheeks together during feeding to prevent aspiration.

    Cultural and Nutritional Assessments

    • Cultural Fasting Practices
      Ask clients about exemptions during illness and specific fasting hours or food types.

    • Continuous Tube Feeding Guidelines
      Document a total of 580 ml of internal fluid for eight hours at a rate of 60 mL/hour plus water.

    • Braden Scale Nutrition Assessment
      A client eating more than half of meals but occasionally refusing food should be rated as 3 (adequate) in nutrition.

    • Introducing Solid Foods
      Introduce new solid foods every five days for a four-month-old infant.

    • Understanding HbA1c Levels
      An HbA1c of 8.7% reflects poor dietary adherence for clients with diabetes.

    • Reducing Solid Fat Intake
      Advise adolescents to restrict meat intake to 5 ounces daily to decrease solid fat consumption.

    • Osteomalacia Prevention
      Instruct clients to consume 20 mcg of vitamin D daily to mitigate the risk of osteomalacia.

    • Kosher Diet Compliance
      Vegetable salad with cheese is an appropriate choice for clients adhering to a kosher diet.

    Glycemic Management and Nutrient Education

    • Foods with High Glycemic Index
      Identify baked potatoes as having the highest glycemic index, important for diabetes management.

    • Nutrient Dense Food Choices
      Canned pinto beans are preferred over refried beans for their nutrient density.

    • Hypoglycemia Symptoms
      Recognize diaphoresis as a classic sign of hypoglycemia.

    • Dysphagia Assessment
      Changes in a client’s voice after eating may indicate dysphagia.

    • Dumping Syndrome Dietary Interventions
      Recommend selecting grains with less than 2 g of fiber per serving for clients with dumping syndrome.

    • Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) Protocol
      Administer dextrose 10% in water as a temporary solution if TPN is delayed.

    • Breastfeeding Techniques
      Guide that initial feedings should last five minutes on each breast for newborns.

    • Managing Dumping Syndrome
      Advise clients to drink liquids between meals for better management of symptoms.

    Nutritional Needs and Disease Management

    • Monitoring for Dietary Restriction and Illness
      Question clients about cheddar cheese consumption when they are on MAOIs due to potential interactions.

    • Weight Management Counseling
      Initial steps for weight loss should include a 24-hour dietary recall.

    • Aspiration Prevention in Enteral Feeding
      Regularly monitor gastric residuals every four hours to prevent aspiration in enterally fed clients.

    • Calcium Sources for Osteoporosis
      ½ cup of roasted almonds is among the highest dietary sources of calcium for clients with osteoporosis.

    • Hydration and Enteral Nutrition
      Suggest providing continuous infusion for enterally fed clients who are dehydrated.

    • Dietary Instructions Post-Gastric Bypass
      Advise beginning meals with protein to aid in recovery post-surgery.

    Vitamins and Nutritional Education

    • Promoting Micronutrient Intake
      Include vitamin A in dietary recommendations for clients with night vision difficulties.

    • Cancer Prevention Diet
      Encourage consumption of at least 2.5 cups of fruits and vegetables daily for cancer risk reduction.

    • Zinc Sources for Vegetarians
      Pinto beans serve as an excellent source of zinc for vegetarians needing increased intake.

    • HIV Nutritional Considerations
      Presence of herpes simplex virus infection indicates the need for increased nutritional intake in HIV-positive clients.

    • Managing Dietary Intake in Lactose Intolerance
      Flatulence is a common expected symptom indicating lactose intolerance.

    • Understanding Dietary Guidelines for Hypertension
      Encourage consumption of unsalted nuts for clients aiming to manage hypertension.

    • Hypoglycemia Awareness in Diabetes
      Confusion is a critical sign of hypoglycemia in diabetic clients.

    • Fluid Intake for Mucositis Management
      Instruct clients undergoing head and neck radiation therapy to increase fluid intake to 2L daily.

    • Child Nutritional Education
      Recommend low-fat milk for young children to promote healthier dietary choices.

    • Vegetarian Diet Essentials
      Include two servings of nuts daily in a vegetarian diet to meet protein needs.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on essential nutrition concepts related to nursing. This quiz focuses on dietary recommendations for patients with hypertension and those on warfarin. Review important information and best practices for nutritional teaching.

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