36 Questions
What is the term for the condition where the accommodation stimulus is insufficient for the patient’s accommodative response, leading to myopia in low visibility conditions?
Night myopia
Which ophthalmic feature is associated with myopic cupping?
Optic nerve crescents
What type of myopia occurs when the accommodation stimulus comes from an instrument and the patient's response is inappropriate?
Instrument myopia
Which condition is characterized by pathologic changes like chorioretinal degeneration, retinal detachment, glaucoma, and cataracts in highly myopic individuals?
Pathologic myopia
In high myopic children, what anomaly might be observed in addition to ocular diseases?
Anomalous Myopias
What type of hyperopia cannot be compensated with accommodation?
Absolute hyperopia
What defines high myopia?
Refractive error of at least -6.00D
Which ocular morbidity is NOT associated with myopia?
Macular degeneration
What biomechanical forces are related to pathologic myopia?
Axial elongation
According to Greene (1980), what accounts for posterior staphyloma in high myopia?
Total stress of the posterior sclera caused by IOP and oblique muscles
Which factor is a primary risk factor for pathologic myopia?
Greater axial length
What is the prevalence range of pathologic myopia-related visual impairment in European studies?
0.1% to 0.5%
At what age does Late adult onset myopia typically begin according to Grosvenor's classification?
Beyond 40 years old
What is the prevalence of Congenital myopia as per Grosvenor's classification?
2%
According to Goss and Winkler's research, at what age do most cases of myopia tend to level off in progression?
16 years old
What is the major cause of Late adult onset myopia according to the text?
Nuclear cataracts
In which age group does Early Adult onset myopia typically manifest according to Grosvenor's classification?
20-40 years old
What did Goss and Winkler find regarding the progression of myopia in children?
It follows a linear pattern into late teen years
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing myopia development?
Being born with emmetropia
Which statement about congenital myopia is true?
It persists through life.
What increases linearly from 2% at age 6 to 20% at age 20?
Myopia progression
Which children have over 2 times the risk of developing myopia?
Children with one myopic parent
At what age do most children tend to level off in myopia progression according to the text?
20
What type of myopia is found in low birth weight babies according to the text?
Axial elongation myopia from eye underdevelopment
What age range typically experiences a peak of about 30% prevalence of myopia?
20 to 40 years old
What is the reason for the slight decrease in the percent of myopia after the age of 40?
Low myopes 'losing' their myopia
What did Hirsch attribute the increase in myopia prevalence beyond 75 years old to?
Nuclear sclerosis
According to the University of Waterloo's School of Optometry and Vision Science study, how does myopia in children change from 1st grade to 8th grade?
Increases drastically
At what age do individuals typically experience a worsening of myopia until they reach adulthood?
Until 21 years old
In children, what age group was noted to experience myopia at an earlier onset compared to previous generations?
6 or 7-year-olds
What did Goss and Winkler's research find about the progression of myopia in children?
Most cases of myopia tend to increase in a linear manner into the middle or late teen years.
Which factor influences the progression of myopia according to Goss and Winkler's study?
Age at which myopia develops
How does Grosvenor's classification differentiate Congenital myopia from Youth-onset myopia?
Congenital myopia persists throughout infancy and is present when entering school, while Youth-onset occurs from 6 years old through teenage years.
What was found regarding the age of cessation of myopia progression according to Goss and Winkler's study?
16 years for females and 15 years for males
How does Early Adult onset myopia differ from Late adult onset myopia according to Grosvenor's classification?
Early Adult onset myopia occurs between 20-40 years old, while Late adult onset starts beyond 40 years old.
What factor determines the rate of progression of myopia according to Goss and Winkler's study?
Age at onset of myopia
Explore the additional risk factors and potential complications associated with high myopia, including indicators of posterior staphyloma, optic nerve crescents, and retinal detachment. Learn about pathological changes that can occur in myopic eyes and how they can lead to conditions like glaucoma and cataracts.
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