Risk Factors and Complications in Highly Myopic Patients
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the condition where the accommodation stimulus is insufficient for the patient’s accommodative response, leading to myopia in low visibility conditions?

  • Empty field myopia
  • Night myopia (correct)
  • Pathologic myopia
  • Instrument myopia

    • Which ophthalmic feature is associated with myopic cupping?

  • Peripapillary detachment
  • Chorioretinal degeneration
  • Disruption of the retinal pigment epithelium
  • Optic nerve crescents (correct)

    • What type of myopia occurs when the accommodation stimulus comes from an instrument and the patient's response is inappropriate?

  • Empty field myopia
  • Instrument myopia (correct)
  • High myopia
  • Night myopia

    • Which condition is characterized by pathologic changes like chorioretinal degeneration, retinal detachment, glaucoma, and cataracts in highly myopic individuals?

    <p>Pathologic myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In high myopic children, what anomaly might be observed in addition to ocular diseases?

    <p>Anomalous Myopias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hyperopia cannot be compensated with accommodation?

    <p>Absolute hyperopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines high myopia?

    <p>Refractive error of at least -6.00D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocular morbidity is NOT associated with myopia?

    <p>Macular degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What biomechanical forces are related to pathologic myopia?

    <p>Axial elongation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Greene (1980), what accounts for posterior staphyloma in high myopia?

    <p>Total stress of the posterior sclera caused by IOP and oblique muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is a primary risk factor for pathologic myopia?

    <p>Greater axial length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence range of pathologic myopia-related visual impairment in European studies?

    <p>0.1% to 0.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does Late adult onset myopia typically begin according to Grosvenor's classification?

    <p>Beyond 40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of Congenital myopia as per Grosvenor's classification?

    <p>2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Goss and Winkler's research, at what age do most cases of myopia tend to level off in progression?

    <p>16 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major cause of Late adult onset myopia according to the text?

    <p>Nuclear cataracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which age group does Early Adult onset myopia typically manifest according to Grosvenor's classification?

    <p>20-40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Goss and Winkler find regarding the progression of myopia in children?

    <p>It follows a linear pattern into late teen years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing myopia development?

    <p>Being born with emmetropia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about congenital myopia is true?

    <p>It persists through life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What increases linearly from 2% at age 6 to 20% at age 20?

    <p>Myopia progression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which children have over 2 times the risk of developing myopia?

    <p>Children with one myopic parent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do most children tend to level off in myopia progression according to the text?

    <p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of myopia is found in low birth weight babies according to the text?

    <p>Axial elongation myopia from eye underdevelopment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age range typically experiences a peak of about 30% prevalence of myopia?

    <p>20 to 40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the slight decrease in the percent of myopia after the age of 40?

    <p>Low myopes 'losing' their myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Hirsch attribute the increase in myopia prevalence beyond 75 years old to?

    <p>Nuclear sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the University of Waterloo's School of Optometry and Vision Science study, how does myopia in children change from 1st grade to 8th grade?

    <p>Increases drastically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do individuals typically experience a worsening of myopia until they reach adulthood?

    <p>Until 21 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In children, what age group was noted to experience myopia at an earlier onset compared to previous generations?

    <p>6 or 7-year-olds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Goss and Winkler's research find about the progression of myopia in children?

    <p>Most cases of myopia tend to increase in a linear manner into the middle or late teen years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the progression of myopia according to Goss and Winkler's study?

    <p>Age at which myopia develops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Grosvenor's classification differentiate Congenital myopia from Youth-onset myopia?

    <p>Congenital myopia persists throughout infancy and is present when entering school, while Youth-onset occurs from 6 years old through teenage years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was found regarding the age of cessation of myopia progression according to Goss and Winkler's study?

    <p>16 years for females and 15 years for males</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Early Adult onset myopia differ from Late adult onset myopia according to Grosvenor's classification?

    <p>Early Adult onset myopia occurs between 20-40 years old, while Late adult onset starts beyond 40 years old.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor determines the rate of progression of myopia according to Goss and Winkler's study?

    <p>Age at onset of myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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