High-Incidence Disabilities Overview
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Questions and Answers

What constitutes high-incidence disabilities?

  • Speech or language impairments
  • Learning disabilities
  • Emotional disturbance
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What are learning disabilities?

    Disorders that present significant difficulties in acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, and mathematical skills.

    What is emotional disturbance?

    Behavioral responses that are so different from age or cultural norms that they negatively impact academic performance.

    What is a speech impairment?

    <p>Oral communication that is so different from the norm that it interferes with communication in an educational setting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define language impairment.

    <p>Lack of development or impairment in spoken, written, or other symbolic communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stuttering?

    <p>A form of speech impairment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does receptive language refer to?

    <p>Understanding what people mean when they speak to you.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is expressive language?

    <p>Communicating to others so that they can understand you.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is modeling in education?

    <p>An instructional technique by which instructors provide good examples of language use or problem solving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define video self-modeling.

    <p>Allowing students to see themselves perform tasks successfully in various school settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are mild intellectual disabilities?

    <p>Conditions marked by some difficulty in academic settings due to below-average intellectual functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are decoding problems?

    <p>Difficulty in identifying words accurately and fluently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dyslexia?

    <p>Developmental word blindness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is phonics?

    <p>A program of instruction teaching the alphabetic code directly, in a systematic way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is automaticity in reading?

    <p>The ability to read accurately and fluently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define spatial organization.

    <p>Ability to align numbers in columns or distinguish mathematical features based on location within an expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does lack of alertness to visual detail mean?

    <p>Misreading mathematical signs or forgetting to use decimals when necessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are procedural errors?

    <p>Missing steps when solving a problem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are problems with mathematical language?

    <p>Difficulty in distinguishing the meaning between mathematical terms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define reasoning skills.

    <p>The ability to comprehend, generalize, induce, and sequence while applying background knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fine motor impairment?

    <p>Difficulty with manual tasks or printing numbers and letters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a passive learner?

    <p>One who does not believe in their own skills or abilities and has limited knowledge of problem-solving strategies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are academic survival skills?

    <p>Attending class regularly, completing assignments on time, being an independent learner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are interpersonal skills?

    <p>The ability to work cooperatively with others and communicate effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is learned helplessness?

    <p>Behavior in which low self-esteem results in passive learning and expecting failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a behavior contract?

    <p>An agreement that negotiates rewards and consequences for disruption or the lack thereof.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is social skills training?

    <p>An intervention for students with low interpersonal skills, aiding them to interact constructively with adults and peers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is self-control training?

    <p>Learning strategies to moderate one's own disruptive behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is attribution retraining?

    <p>An intervention for students with learned helplessness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    High-Incidence Disabilities

    • High-incidence disabilities include speech or language impairments, learning disabilities, emotional disturbances, and mild intellectual disabilities.

    Learning Disabilities

    • Characterized by significant difficulties in listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, and math skills.
    • Not caused by sensory or motor disorders, environmental factors, or emotional disturbances.

    Emotional Disturbance

    • Behavioral responses that deviate significantly from age, cultural, or ethnic norms, adversely affecting academic performance.

    Speech Impairment

    • Oral communication that deviates from the norm, hindering effective communication within educational settings.

    Language Impairment

    • Involves lack of development or impairment in spoken, written, or symbolic communication.

    Speech Articulation Problem

    • Inability to produce sounds correctly relative to developmental milestones.

    Stuttering

    • A specific type of speech impairment characterized by disruptions in the flow of speech.

    Receptive Language

    • The ability to understand what others are conveying verbally.

    Expressive Language

    • The capacity to communicate effectively so others can understand.

    Modeling

    • Instructional technique where educators demonstrate language use and problem-solving as part of normal communication practices.

    Video Self-Modeling

    • Involves students observing themselves successfully completing tasks across various school environments.

    Mild Intellectual Disabilities

    • Condition identified by challenges in academic performance stemming from below-average intellectual functioning.

    Decoding Problems

    • Difficulty in accurately and fluently identifying words, impacting reading skills.

    Dyslexia

    • Also referred to as "developmental word blindness," affecting reading abilities.

    Phonics

    • Systematic instructional program that teaches the relationship between letters and sounds.

    Automaticity

    • The ability to read with accuracy and fluency.

    Spatial Organization

    • Skill necessary to align mathematical numbers correctly or recognize math features based on spatial arrangement.

    Lack of Alertness to Visual Detail

    • Results in errors such as misreading mathematical signs or neglecting decimal placement.

    Procedural Errors

    • Involves skipping essential steps during problem-solving.

    Problems with Mathematical Language

    • Challenges in understanding the significance of various mathematical terms.

    Reasoning Skills

    • Encompasses comprehension, generalization, induction, sequencing, and applying prior knowledge.

    Fine Motor Impairment

    • Refers to difficulties in performing manual tasks or in handwriting.

    Passive Learner

    • Lacks belief in personal skills and strategies for problem-solving.

    Academic Survival Skills

    • Essential competencies include regular class attendance, timely completion of assignments, and independent learning.

    Interpersonal Skills

    • Ability to collaborate effectively with peers and communicate proficiently.

    Learned Helplessness

    • A state where low self-esteem fosters passive learning behaviors and anticipates failure.

    Behavior Contract

    • Agreement that outlines rewards and consequences linked to student behavior.

    Social Skills Training

    • Intervention for students with limited interpersonal skills, enhancing their ability to interact positively with others.

    Self-Control Training

    • Strategies aimed at helping individuals regulate their own disruptive behaviors.

    Attribution Retraining

    • Intervention designed for students exhibiting learned helplessness, aiming to change their perspective on ability and effort.

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    Description

    Explore the various types of high-incidence disabilities including learning disabilities, emotional disturbances, and speech impairments. This quiz will help you understand the characteristics and definitions of each disability and how they impact educational performance. Test your knowledge on this important topic in special education.

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