30 Questions
According to classical criminology, what is the basis for all human behavior?
The pleasure-pain principle
What is the focus of positivist criminology?
The criminal
What is the main argument of critical criminology?
The crimes of the powerful go unpunished
According to the classical school of thought, what is the basis for human behavior?
Hedonism
What is the classical school's view on punishment?
Punishment should be proportionate to the crime.
What is the main difference between the classical school and the neo-classical school of thought?
The neo-classical school challenges the classical view of human nature.
According to Beccaria, what is the major principle that should govern legislation?
The greatest happiness for the greatest numbers
What is the main instrument of control of human behavior according to social contract thinkers?
Fear, especially fear of pain
According to Beccaria, what is the key to preventing crime through deterrence?
Making the punishment greater than the criminal act
What is the social process approach to criminology?
The view that criminal behavior is a result of people's interactions with various organizations, institutions, and processes in society
What is the purpose of criminological theory according to the text?
To provide logical explanations of an area of interest by fitting the discovered facts into a coherent pattern
What is postmodernism in criminology according to the text?
A movement suggesting that there is no longer any chance of developing one general theory of crime or one dominant narrative
What is the main criticism of the classical school's assumptions about human behavior?
People are much more complex than assumed
According to classical criminology, humans were believed to be essentially rational people whose reasoning powers placed them far above animals. What was the basis of this perspective?
Humans have free will
What is the main difference between the physical and natural sciences and criminology and the social/behavioural sciences?
The physical and natural sciences have few competing theories, while criminology and the social/behavioural sciences have many competing theories
What was the problem with the French Code of 1791, according to the text?
All of the above
What is the social contract according to classical criminology?
An unwritten agreement that emerged during the Renaissance
What is the neoclassical school, as described in the text?
A school of thought that made several revisions of the classical approach to account for practical problems in the administration of justice
According to Bartol, how do neo-classicists differ from 'pure' classicists in terms of personal responsibility?
Neo-classicists argue that personal responsibility can be inhibited by various conditions
What is the fundamental goal of the crime control model, according to the text?
Subjugation of crime through robust law enforcement, strict enforcement of the law, and harsh punishments
What is the main difference between the crime control model and the due process model?
The crime control model emphasizes protecting citizens from crime, while the due process model emphasizes protecting the civil liberties of citizens
What are some factors that would be taken into consideration when determining the suitability of imprisonment for an offender?
The offender's past record, the degree of incompetence, insanity of the offender, and the impact of age on criminal responsibility
What is the significance of recognizing that not all offenders possess the same degree of 'free will'?
Not every offender is suitable for imprisonment
What is the purpose of taking into consideration the impact of age on criminal responsibility?
To ensure that younger offenders receive more lenient punishments
What is one factor that may make an offender unsuitable for imprisonment?
The degree of incompetence
What is the significance of recognizing that not all offenders possess the same degree of 'free will'?
Not every offender is suitable for imprisonment
What is one factor that may be taken into consideration when determining the offender's degree of incompetence?
The offender's mental state
What is the significance of recognizing that not all offenders possess the same degree of 'free will'?
Not every offender is suitable for imprisonment
What is the purpose of taking into consideration the offender's past record?
To determine the offender's likelihood of committing future crimes
What is the significance of recognizing that not all offenders possess the same degree of 'free will'?
Not every offender is suitable for imprisonment
Test your knowledge on the protection of individual rights in the criminal process and the criticisms of the classical school of thought. Learn about legal counsel, unbiased treatment, and limitations on discretion by criminal justice personnel.
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