Control of eukaryotic translation

What is the function of the peptidyl transferase in the ribosome?

To dissociate the ribosomal subunits from the mRNA
To catalyse the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids (correct)
To bind the aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome
To read the mRNA sequence

What is the function of the 43S complex in translation initiation?

To bind the 5' cap of the mRNA
To scan the mRNA for the AUG start codon
To remove the secondary structures in the mRNA (correct)
To join the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits

How does eIF4F complex regulate translation?

By promoting circularisation of the mRNA and allowing ribosome re-initiation (correct)
By phosphorylating eIF2
By inhibiting the association of the 60S ribosomal subunit
By binding to the 3' end of the mRNA

What is the function of the wobble hypothesis in translation?

To allow a single tRNA to recognise multiple codons (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the repressed mRNAs during stress conditions?

They are stored in stress granules and may be translated again in the future (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of eRF1 and eRF3 in translation termination?

To recognise the stop codon and initiate translation termination (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the 40S ribosomal subunit?

Catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of eIF2B in translation initiation?

It exchanges GTP for GDP to facilitate the association of eIF2 with Met-tRNA (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the tRNA that previously donated its amino acid during translation elongation?

It binds to the E-site (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of translation regulation that occurs independently of the cap-dependent mechanism?

uORF regulation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the poly(A) tail in mRNA?

It enhances translation initiation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of phosphorylation of the α subunit of eIF2?

It inhibits translation initiation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the eEF1s during translation elongation?

It catalyzes peptide bond formation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the 60S ribosomal subunit in peptide bond formation?

It catalyzes peptide bond formation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the IRES in translation?

It facilitates cap-independent translation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the association of the 40S ribosomal subunit with the 5' cap during translation initiation?

It forms the 48S complex (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the P-site in the ribosome?

To hold the tRNA that previously donated its amino acid (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which complex is responsible for removing secondary structures in the mRNA during translation initiation?

eIF4F complex (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of phosphorylation of eEF2?

Inhibition of translation elongation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of mTORC1 in translation regulation?

Phosphorylation of eIF4E-BP (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the mRNA once the translation is terminated?

It is degraded in P-bodies (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the A-site in the ribosome?

To bind the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of deadenylation of mRNA?

mRNA decay (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of eIF4E during translation initiation?

To bind to the 5' cap of the mRNA (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 48S complex during translation initiation?

To scan the mRNA for the AUG start codon (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the eEF1s during translation elongation?

To bind aminacyl-tRNA to the A-site (B) Signup and view all the answers

During translation initiation, which complex is responsible for promoting circularisation of the mRNA?

eIF4F complex (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the eIF4E-BP in translation regulation?

It inhibits the binding of eIF4E to the 5' cap (C) Signup and view all the answers

During translation elongation, which step is dependent on the hydrolysis of GTP?

Translocation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the phosphorylation of the α subunit of eIF2 during translation regulation?

Inhibition of cap-dependent translation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the peptidyl transferase in the ribosome?

It catalyses the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids (C) Signup and view all the answers

During translation termination, which factor is responsible for providing the energy for the dissociation of the ribosome from the mRNA?

eRF3 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the 60S ribosomal subunit in translation?

It joins the amino acid to form a peptide bond (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the association of the 40S ribosomal subunit with the eIF1/1A and eIF3 complexes during translation initiation?

The formation of the 43S complex (B) Signup and view all the answers

During translation regulation, which pathway is responsible for the phosphorylation of eIF4E?

MNK pathway (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the P-bodies in mRNA metabolism?

They are the site of RNA degradation (B) Signup and view all the answers