36 Questions
What is the author's purpose when they write to inform?
To provide facts or true information about a subject
What is the term for the art of persuasion?
Rhetoric
When an author uses research and statistics to support an argument, they are using which rhetorical appeal?
Logos
What is the main idea statement in the author's purpose equation?
What it was about
When an author writes fiction, what is their purpose?
To entertain or amuse
What is the term for the combination of the author's purpose and the main idea statement?
Why they wrote
What is the primary purpose of understanding the audience's expectations, prior knowledge, and experience?
To tailor the presentation's content to the audience's needs
What are the three main components of the rhetorical situation?
Audience, purpose, and context
What is the primary goal of a presentation that aims to persuade?
To convince the audience to adopt a particular point of view
What is the role of the space and time in the context of a presentation?
To affect the decisions made in preparing for the presentation
What is the purpose of identifying the audience's characteristics, such as social class, gender, and cultural background?
To tailor the presentation's content to the audience's needs
What is the acronym PIE an abbreviation for in the context of presentation goals?
Persuade, Inform, Entertain
What is the primary purpose of using structural parts of a presentation?
To organize the presentation's content in a logical manner
What is the primary benefit of using different organizing principles for a presentation?
To create a more structured and logical presentation
What is the primary goal of considering the audience in a rhetorical situation?
To tailor the message effectively
Which of the following is an example of a Logos appeal?
Providing statistics to support a claim
What is the primary purpose of a presentation?
To inform, demonstrate, persuade, motivate, or entertain
What is the key component of a rhetorical situation that connects to the broader world?
Context
Which of the following is an example of an Ethos appeal?
Providing expert testimony
What is the central element of a speech's structure?
Purpose
Which of the following is an example of a Pathos appeal?
Telling a story to persuade
What is the primary consideration for choosing the format of an informal report?
The type of audience
What is a fact based on according to a reliable authority?
Something that can be proven
Which of the following is NOT a reliable authority for proving facts?
Personal observation
What is the purpose of outlining your presentation according to Owl Purdue?
To organize your thoughts
What type of authority is a mathematics based on?
Scientific law
What type of authority is a history book based on?
Historical event
What type of authority is a scientific law based on?
Measurement
What is involved in the audience's expectations of a speaker?
The norms, roles, and outcomes of the speaker and the speech
What is the purpose of referencing in a speech?
To provide attention to the source and way of presenting information
What are the three contributing elements to a specific purpose statement?
Purpose, audience, and content
What is the difference between a fact and an opinion?
A fact is a statement that can be proven, while an opinion is based on someone's thoughts, feelings, and understanding
What is the purpose of the formula for creating a specific purpose statement?
To provide a clear direction for the speech
What is an example of a specific purpose statement?
The purpose of my presentation is to demonstrate for my coworkers the value of informed intercultural communication
What is the role of facts in supporting an opinion?
Facts can be used to add credibility to an opinion
What is the relationship between a widely accepted opinion and a fact?
A widely accepted opinion is not necessarily a fact
Study Notes
Planning and Organizing a Presentation
- A presentation is affected by the space, time, and events surrounding it, which influence preparation decisions.
- The audience brings expectations, prior knowledge, and experience, and has diverse characteristics like social class, gender, age, race, and ethnicity.
- The purpose of a presentation is central to its formation and can be to inform, demonstrate, persuade, motivate, or entertain.
Rhetorical Situation
- Rhetoric is the art of persuasion, originally explored by Aristotle in his book "Rhetoric".
- A rhetorical situation consists of three elements: context, audience, and purpose.
- Context includes the presentation space, time of day, and current events.
- Audience is a key component of communication, with diverse expectations, knowledge, and experiences.
- Purpose is central to the speech's structure and can be stated in one concise sentence.
Aristotle's Form of Rhetorical Proof
- Ethos is an appeal to credibility, using experience and specialized knowledge to highlight credibility.
- Pathos is an appeal to emotions, using vivid language and storytelling to persuade.
- Logos is an appeal to logic, using research and statistics to support an argument.
Strategies for Success
- Expectation involves understanding the audience's inherent expectations of themselves and the speaker.
- Reference involves attention to the source and presentation of information.
Purpose and Central Idea Statements
- A specific purpose statement formula is: "To [specific communication word] my [target audience] [the content]".
- A central idea statement should be clear, concise, and focused.
Creating an Outline
- An outline is a roadmap for a presentation, helping to organize ideas and structure the content.
- The OWL Purdue website provides resources on how to outline a presentation.
Facts and Opinions
- Facts are statements that can be proven, while opinions are based on thoughts, feelings, and understanding.
- Facts can be supported by reliable authorities such as history books, statistics, scientific laws, and governmental laws.
- Opinions, even if widely accepted, are not facts.
This quiz reviews the key components of the rhetorical situation and effective presentation skills, including the use of cognate strategies, structural parts, and organizing principles.
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