Retrieval Cues Flashcards

Study Notes

Retrieval Cue: A hint or suggestion that aids in recovering information from Long Term Memory (LTM).

Context-Dependent Cue: Environmental factors present during learning that can assist in retrieval later.

State-Dependent Cue: Memory retrieval influenced by the psychological state at the time of learning.

Rehearsal: Deliberate repetition or manipulation of information to preserve it in Long Term Memory rather than Short Term Memory.
Maintenance Rehearsal: Repeatedly going over information to retain it for an extended period.
Elaborative Rehearsal: Connecting new information with existing knowledge in a meaningful way to enhance retention.

Self-Reference Effect: Enhancing memory by linking information to personal experiences, serving as an effective cue.
Serial Position Effect: Tendency to remember the first and last items in a list better than the middle items.
Primacy Effect: Improved recall of items presented at the beginning of a list due to increased rehearsal and storage in LTM.
Recency Effect: Enhanced recall of items at the end of a list as they remain in Short Term Memory.

Eye-Witness Testimony: A personal account from someone who witnessed an event, often found to be unreliable due to memory reconstruction and susceptibility to suggestion.
Leading Questions: Questions framed to imply certain information is true, potentially distorting a witness's memory.

Loftus and Palmer (1974): Study examining how question wording affects memory and the reliability of eyewitness accounts based on post-event information.