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Respiratory Tract Protection Mechanisms

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Questions and Answers

What are the primary functions of the ring of smooth muscle surrounding the terminal bronchioles?

To open up the airway for better airflow

To prevent foreign materials from entering the alveoli (correct)

To promote the entry of potential pathogens into the body

To stimulate bronchoconstriction

What is the main function of the upper respiratory tract mentioned in the text?

To slam shut the vocal folds in case of irritation

To stimulate coughing responses in the larynx

To trap particles with sticky mucus

To cause sneezing or mucous secretions to expel substances (correct)

How do macrophages contribute to lung protection?

By promoting bronchoconstriction

By engulfing foreign particles or bacteria in the alveoli (correct)

By narrowing the airways

By creating a barrier around the alveoli

What is the role of the mucociliary apparatus in the respiratory tract as described in the text?

To move mucus and trapped materials up the bronchi and trachea Signup and view all the answers

In what way can an overabundance of bronchoconstrictive activity impact oxygen intake?

Deprive the animal of the ability to bring oxygen into the alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What happens if irritants reach the larynx and mechanically stimulate it, as per the text?

The vocal folds slam shut with a spasm Signup and view all the answers

Where is the cough reflex center located in the body?

Medullary area of the brainstem Signup and view all the answers

Why do small airways lose the benefit of the mucociliary apparatus according to the text?

Because mucus would obstruct very small openings Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of antitussive drugs?

To block the cough reflex Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory tract elicits a coughing response when stimulated?

Trachea Signup and view all the answers