29 Questions
Which diagnostic test involves looking for antibodies in a serum sample?
Serology
Which diagnostic test involves looking for antigens in a respiratory sample?
Antigen detection
Which common cause of community-acquired pneumonia is a Gram-negative bacterium?
Haemophilus influenzae
Which virus is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia?
Influenza virus
Which diagnostic test involves culturing the virus from a respiratory sample?
Viral culture
Which of the following is a Gram-positive bacterium that can cause community-acquired pneumonia?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which syndrome is characterized by ciliary dysfunction and impaired clearance of pathogens?
Both cystic fibrosis and Kartagener's syndrome
Which molecule mediates the secretion of antimicrobial proteins during pneumonia?
Interleukins
Which components contribute to the antibacterial activity of alveolar lining fluid?
Free fatty acids, lysozyme, and iron-binding proteins
Which immune cell type is primarily responsible for maintaining the sterility of the gas-exchanging airways?
Alveolar macrophages
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ciliary dysfunction syndromes?
Increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorders
In an immunocompetent patient with an acute systemic bacterial infection, what combination of changes in CBC and CRP are expected?
Neutrophilic leucocytosis and high CRP
What is a common cause of high C-reactive protein levels?
Rheumatoid arthritis
What are the major objectives for ordering different tests/investigations for patients with acute systemic bacterial infections?
To diagnose the specific type of bacteria causing the infection
What medication was the patient started on after admission?
Intravenous amoxicillin-clavulanate + clarithromycin + oseltamivir
What type of infection can be associated with neutrophilic leucocytosis?
Bacterial infection
Which test can help assess inflammation in a patient with acute systemic bacterial infection?
Chest X-ray
Which antibiotic would be the most appropriate to cover Mycoplasma pneumoniae in this case?
Clarithromycin
Which organism in the blood culture was susceptible to penicillin?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What was the likely reason for stopping clarithromycin and oseltamivir on the second day of admission?
Positive respiratory viral screen
Which of the following antibiotics covers Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococci, and Moraxella catarrhalis?
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Which antibiotic has a Mechanism of Action related to inhibiting protein synthesis?
Clarithromycin
Which organism mentioned is not covered by beta-lactam antibiotics according to the provided information?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Which of the following pathogens is capable of degrading cholesterol-containing membranes to invade eukaryotic cells?
Acinetobacter baumannii
What is the primary function of the anatomical structures that serve as natural barriers to prevent aspiration?
To provide a mechanical obstruction to the airway
According to the passage, what is the primary role of the humoral immune system in the upper airway?
To produce antibodies that neutralize pathogens
What is the primary mechanical barrier in the upper airway that prevents aspiration?
The epiglottis
Which of the following is a key function of the cough reflex arc in the upper airway?
To expel foreign particles from the lungs
How does the rich microbial flora in the upper airway contribute to its defense against pathogens?
By competing with and excluding pathogenic microbes
Test your knowledge on syndromes affecting ciliary function and their impact on respiratory tract infections, as well as the role of antimicrobial proteins during pneumonia. This quiz is designed for medical students or professionals.
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