Respiratory Tract Infections and Antimicrobial Proteins Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which diagnostic test involves looking for antibodies in a serum sample?

  • Viral culture
  • Respiratory sample analysis
  • Serology (correct)
  • Antigen detection
  • Which diagnostic test involves looking for antigens in a respiratory sample?

  • Serology
  • Respiratory sample analysis
  • Antigen detection (correct)
  • Viral culture
  • Which common cause of community-acquired pneumonia is a Gram-negative bacterium?

  • Escherichia coli
  • Haemophilus influenzae (correct)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Streptococcus agalactiae
  • Which virus is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia?

    <p>Influenza virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test involves culturing the virus from a respiratory sample?

    <p>Viral culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a Gram-positive bacterium that can cause community-acquired pneumonia?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which syndrome is characterized by ciliary dysfunction and impaired clearance of pathogens?

    <p>Both cystic fibrosis and Kartagener's syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule mediates the secretion of antimicrobial proteins during pneumonia?

    <p>Interleukins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components contribute to the antibacterial activity of alveolar lining fluid?

    <p>Free fatty acids, lysozyme, and iron-binding proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune cell type is primarily responsible for maintaining the sterility of the gas-exchanging airways?

    <p>Alveolar macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ciliary dysfunction syndromes?

    <p>Increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an immunocompetent patient with an acute systemic bacterial infection, what combination of changes in CBC and CRP are expected?

    <p>Neutrophilic leucocytosis and high CRP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of high C-reactive protein levels?

    <p>Rheumatoid arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major objectives for ordering different tests/investigations for patients with acute systemic bacterial infections?

    <p>To diagnose the specific type of bacteria causing the infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication was the patient started on after admission?

    <p>Intravenous amoxicillin-clavulanate + clarithromycin + oseltamivir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection can be associated with neutrophilic leucocytosis?

    <p>Bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test can help assess inflammation in a patient with acute systemic bacterial infection?

    <p>Chest X-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic would be the most appropriate to cover Mycoplasma pneumoniae in this case?

    <p>Clarithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism in the blood culture was susceptible to penicillin?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the likely reason for stopping clarithromycin and oseltamivir on the second day of admission?

    <p>Positive respiratory viral screen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics covers Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococci, and Moraxella catarrhalis?

    <p>Amoxicillin-clavulanate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic has a Mechanism of Action related to inhibiting protein synthesis?

    <p>Clarithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism mentioned is not covered by beta-lactam antibiotics according to the provided information?

    <p>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pathogens is capable of degrading cholesterol-containing membranes to invade eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Acinetobacter baumannii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the anatomical structures that serve as natural barriers to prevent aspiration?

    <p>To provide a mechanical obstruction to the airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is the primary role of the humoral immune system in the upper airway?

    <p>To produce antibodies that neutralize pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanical barrier in the upper airway that prevents aspiration?

    <p>The epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key function of the cough reflex arc in the upper airway?

    <p>To expel foreign particles from the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the rich microbial flora in the upper airway contribute to its defense against pathogens?

    <p>By competing with and excluding pathogenic microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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