Respiratory System Terminologies
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of surfactant in the lungs?

  • It decreases the compliance of the lungs.
  • It increases the resistance of the airways.
  • It helps the alveoli expand during inhalation. (correct)
  • It causes the alveoli to collapse during exhalation.

    • What is the name of the condition where the lung tissue collapses, resulting in a loss of volume during expansion?

  • Atelectasis (correct)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
  • Emphysema
  • Pulmonary fibrosis

    • Which of the following is responsible for monitoring the body's oxygen demand and carbon dioxide levels and signaling the respiratory system to respond?

  • The diaphragm
  • The brainstem (correct)
  • The pulmonary capillaries
  • The intercostal muscles

    • What is the primary function of the respiratory center in the brain?

    <p>To control the rate and depth of respirations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the peripheral chemoreceptors in the respiratory system?

    <p>They signal the central chemoreceptors to increase the rate and depth of respirations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which oxygen is transported from the alveoli to the blood in the pulmonary capillaries?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal respiratory rate range for a resting adult?

    <p>12-20 breaths per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and is controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the volume of air expelled after a typical breath?

    <p>Expiratory reserve volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the pressure or opposition of the tissues in the airway to the flow of air?

    <p>Airway resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the vocal cords located?

    <p>Larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily responsible for gas exchange in the body?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many lobes does the right lung have?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the upper airway in the respiratory system?

    <p>Filtering air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation?

    <p>Nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What divides into bronchial tubes within the lungs?

    <p>Bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is pleural fluid produced to enable smooth lung expansion and contraction?

    <p>Pleural cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the air-filled sacs primarily responsible for gas exchange in the body?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the pleural cavity with respect to the lungs?

    <p>Surrounding the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures warm, filter, and humidify air taken in through the nose and mouth?

    <p>Nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the amount of air remaining in the lungs after maximal expiration?

    <p>Residual volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects stroke volume?

    <p>Heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the maximum amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs after maximal inspiration?

    <p>Vital capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the Frank–Starling mechanism is correct?

    <p>It describes the relationship between preload and stroke volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the volume of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute?

    <p>Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is the first to receive the electrical impulse during the cardiac conduction cycle?

    <p>Sinoatrial (SA) node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the amount of resistance or force that the left ventricle must work against to eject blood?

    <p>Afterload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the amount of blood in the left ventricle at the end of diastole prior to the next contraction?

    <p>Preload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs in 1 second during forced expiration?

    <p>Forced vital capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following heart sounds is heard when the mitral and tricuspid valves close during systole?

    <p>S1</p> Signup and view all the answers

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