30 Questions
What is the function of surfactant in the lungs?
It helps the alveoli expand during inhalation.
What is the name of the condition where the lung tissue collapses, resulting in a loss of volume during expansion?
Atelectasis
Which of the following is responsible for monitoring the body's oxygen demand and carbon dioxide levels and signaling the respiratory system to respond?
The brainstem
What is the primary function of the respiratory center in the brain?
To control the rate and depth of respirations.
What is the role of the peripheral chemoreceptors in the respiratory system?
They signal the central chemoreceptors to increase the rate and depth of respirations.
What is the process by which oxygen is transported from the alveoli to the blood in the pulmonary capillaries?
Diffusion
What is the normal respiratory rate range for a resting adult?
12-20 breaths per minute
What is the name of the muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and is controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Diaphragm
What is the name of the volume of air expelled after a typical breath?
Expiratory reserve volume
What is the name of the pressure or opposition of the tissues in the airway to the flow of air?
Airway resistance
Where are the vocal cords located?
Larynx
Which structure is primarily responsible for gas exchange in the body?
Alveoli
How many lobes does the right lung have?
Three
What is the function of the upper airway in the respiratory system?
Filtering air
Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation?
Nervous system
What divides into bronchial tubes within the lungs?
Bronchi
Where is pleural fluid produced to enable smooth lung expansion and contraction?
Pleural cavity
What are the air-filled sacs primarily responsible for gas exchange in the body?
Alveoli
What is the location of the pleural cavity with respect to the lungs?
Surrounding the lungs
What structures warm, filter, and humidify air taken in through the nose and mouth?
Nasopharynx
What is the term used to describe the amount of air remaining in the lungs after maximal expiration?
Residual volume
Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects stroke volume?
Heart rate
What is the term used to describe the maximum amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs after maximal inspiration?
Vital capacity
Which of the following statements about the Frank–Starling mechanism is correct?
It describes the relationship between preload and stroke volume.
What is the term used to describe the volume of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute?
Cardiac output
Which of the following structures is the first to receive the electrical impulse during the cardiac conduction cycle?
Sinoatrial (SA) node
What is the term used to describe the amount of resistance or force that the left ventricle must work against to eject blood?
Afterload
What is the term used to describe the amount of blood in the left ventricle at the end of diastole prior to the next contraction?
Preload
What is the term used to describe the amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs in 1 second during forced expiration?
Forced vital capacity
Which of the following heart sounds is heard when the mitral and tricuspid valves close during systole?
S1
Test your knowledge on key terminologies related to the respiratory system including tidal volume, residual volume, forced vital capacity, vital capacity, and total lung capacity.
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