Respiratory System Quiz

Study Notes

Common Cold: Caused by various viruses; symptoms include sneezing, runny nose, and throat irritation. Highly contagious.
Influenza: Viral infection characterized by fever, body aches, and fatigue. Seasonal epidemics can lead to severe respiratory illness.
Pneumonia: Infection causing inflammation in air sacs. Symptoms include cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. Can be viral, bacterial, or fungal.
Tuberculosis (TB): Chronic bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs, spread through airborne droplets. Symptoms include persistent cough, night sweats, and weight loss.

Asthma: Chronic condition causing inflamed airways, leading to wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Triggers may include allergens and exercise.
Bronchitis: Inflammation of the bronchial tubes; can be acute or chronic. Symptoms include a cough producing mucus and fatigue.
Emphysema: Progressive lung disease that damages alveoli, reducing airflow. Symptoms include shortness of breath, chronic cough, and wheezing.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis; primarily caused by smoking. Symptoms include persistent cough and difficulty breathing.
Lung Cancer: Uncontrolled growth of abnormal lung cells; risk factors include smoking and exposure to toxins. Symptoms may include cough, chest pain, and weight loss.

Common Cold: Caused by viruses such as rhinoviruses; symptoms include sneezing, sore throat, and congestion.
Influenza: A viral infection characterized by fever, chills, body aches, and fatigue; can lead to severe complications especially in vulnerable populations.
Pneumonia: An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs; can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi; symptoms include cough, fever, and difficulty breathing.
Tuberculosis (TB): A bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs; spread through airborne particles; symptoms include persistent cough, weight loss, and night sweats.

Asthma: A chronic condition characterized by inflamed airways leading to wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness; often triggered by allergens or environmental factors.
Bronchitis: Inflammation of the bronchial tubes, often due to viral infection or smoking; can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term); symptoms include persistent cough and mucus production.
Emphysema: A progressive disease part of COPD; involves damage to the alveoli (air sacs) in the lungs, leading to breathing difficulties and reduced airflow.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A group of lung diseases that obstruct airflow; primarily caused by smoking; includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Lung Cancer: Abnormal cell growth in the lungs; risk factors include smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, and environmental toxins; symptoms may not appear until advanced stages, including cough, weight loss, and chest pain.