Respiratory System Quiz: Dyspnoea, Wheeze, and Infections

What is the medical term for shortness of breath?

Stridor
Haemoptysis
Orthopnoea
Dyspnoea (correct)

What is the characteristic of a wheeze?

Upper airway noise
Small expiratory airway noise (correct)
Inspiratory harsh sound
Coughing blood

What is the cause of sinusitis?

Obstructed antral ostia due to mucosal oedema (correct)
Viral infection
Bacterial infection
Allergic reaction

What is the characteristic feature of asthma?

Common chronic reversible airway obstruction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the virus that causes influenza?

Orthomyxovirus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the condition characterized by laryngeal oedema and a hoarse voice?

Laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic factor associated with asthma?

A gene on the short arm of chromosome 11 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of bronchial hyper-reactivity in asthma?

Increased airway resistance (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of asthma?

Shortness of breath (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a spacer in using an asthma inhaler?

To reduce the risk of oral candidiasis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of asthma?

Quietening of voice (B) Signup and view all the answers

How is asthma managed dentally in relation to treatment?

By postponing treatment if exacerbations occur (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between orthopnoea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea?

The position of the body when symptoms occur (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of asthma?

Permanent airway damage (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of haemoptysis?

Pneumonias (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of haemagglutinin in the influenza virus?

Surface antigen for adhesion (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following upper respiratory tract infections is typically caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Pharyngitis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic sound of stridor?

Inspiratory harsh sound (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which bronchoconstriction occurs in asthma?

Hyper-reactivity of bronchial smooth muscle (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following extrinsic factors is most likely to exacerbate asthma in an atopic patient?

Pollens (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using a spacer with an asthma inhaler?

To reduce the risk of oral candidiasis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for dental treatment in an asthma patient?

NSAIDs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for postponing dental treatment in an asthma patient?

Exacerbation of asthma symptoms (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of managing asthma in a dental setting?

To control symptoms of asthma (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of morning dipping in asthma patients?

Natural fluctuation in cortisol levels during the morning (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of bronchial hyper-reactivity in asthma?

Increased airway resistance (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using a corticosteroid inhaler in asthma management?

To reduce inflammation in the airways (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of an asthma attack?

Wheezing and shortness of breath (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common trigger for asthma exacerbations?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of allergen provocation testing in asthma diagnosis?

To identify specific allergens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which an upper airway noise, such as stridor, is produced?

Oedema of the laryngeal introitus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea?

Waking up with shortness of breath (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the combination of inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi?

Laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neuraminidase in the influenza virus?

Breaching the mucosal membrane (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between orthopnoea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea?

Orthopnoea occurs when lying flat, while paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea occurs when standing up (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of asthma that distinguishes it from other chronic obstructive airway diseases?

Reversible airway obstruction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of peak expiratory flow rate in assessing respiratory health?

To determine the adequacy of ventilation and detect airflow obstruction (B) Signup and view all the answers

In people with emphysema, what happens to the air sacs in the lungs over time?

They become larger and fewer in number (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of bronchiectasis in the lungs?

A build-up of excess mucus that makes the lungs more vulnerable to infection (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of emphysema in relation to the air sacs in the lungs?

Damage to the air sacs, leading to the formation of larger air spaces (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of airflow obstruction in the lungs?

Shortness of breath and difficulty breathing (D) Signup and view all the answers