Medical Terminology: Respiratory System

Questions and Answers

What does the word 'bronch/o' refer to?

lung

oxygen

throat

bronchial tube (correct)

What does 'laryng/o' mean?

larynx, throat

What is the definition of 'nas/o'?

nose

What does 'ox/i, ox/o, ox/y' refer to?

oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pharyng/o' mean?

throat, pharynx Signup and view all the answers

What does 'phon/o' represent?

sound, voice Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'pleur/o'?

pleura, side of the body Signup and view all the answers

What does '-pnea' mean?

breathing Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu-' refer to?

lung, air Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pulm/o, pulmon/o' mean?

lung Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sinus/o' refer to?

sinus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'somn/o' mean?

sleep Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spir/o' represent?

to breathe Signup and view all the answers

What does 'thorac/o, -thorax' refer to?

chest, pleural cavity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'trache/o, trachea' mean?

windpipe Signup and view all the answers

What are alveoli?

air sacs; clusters found at the end of each bronchiole Signup and view all the answers

What is 'anoxia'?

absence of oxygen from the body's tissues and organs Signup and view all the answers

What does 'antitussive' refer to?

cough medicine Signup and view all the answers

What is 'aphonia'?

loss of the ability to produce normal speech sounds Signup and view all the answers

What does 'asbestosis' mean?

caused by asbestos particles in the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is 'asphyxia'?

loss of consciousness due to lack of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'asthma' refer to?

chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes Signup and view all the answers

What is 'atelectasis'?

collapsed lung Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bradypnea' mean?

abnormally slow rate of respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'bronchodilator'?

medication that relaxes and expands bronchial passages Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bronchorrhea' mean?

excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi Signup and view all the answers

What is 'bronchospasm'?

contraction of the smooth muscle in the bronchi Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Cheyne-Stokes respiration'?

irregular pattern of breathing with alternating rates Signup and view all the answers

What does 'croup' refer to?

acute respiratory infection in children Signup and view all the answers

What is 'cyanosis'?

bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cystic fibrosis' mean?

life-threatening genetic disorder causing thick mucus Signup and view all the answers

What is 'diphtheria'?

acute bacterial infection of the throat Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dysphonia' mean?

difficulty in speaking or voice impairments Signup and view all the answers

What is 'dyspnea'?

shortness of breath Signup and view all the answers

What does 'emphysema' refer to?

progressive loss of lung function, usually due to smoking Signup and view all the answers

What is 'empyema'?

collection of pus in a body cavity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'endotracheal intubation' mean?

passage of a tube into the trachea to maintain airway Signup and view all the answers

What is 'epistaxis'?

nosebleed Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hemoptysis' mean?

expectoration of blood-stained sputum Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hypercapnia'?

abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hyperpnea' mean?

deeper and more rapid breathing than normal Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hypopnea'?

shallow or slow respiration Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hypoxemia' mean?

low oxygen levels in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hypoxia'?

deficient oxygen levels in the body's tissues Signup and view all the answers

What does 'laryngectomy' refer to?

surgical removal of the larynx Signup and view all the answers

What is 'laryngitis'?

inflammation of the larynx Signup and view all the answers

What does 'laryngoscopy' mean?

visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords Signup and view all the answers

What is 'laryngospasm'?

sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mediastinum' refer to?

middle section of the chest cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'nebulizer'?

device that turns liquid medicine into mist for inhalation Signup and view all the answers

What does 'otolaryngologist' mean?

physician specializing in ear, nose, and throat disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pertussis'?

contagious bacterial infection known as whooping cough Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pharyngitis' refer to?

inflammation of the pharynx (sore throat) Signup and view all the answers

What is 'phlegm'?

thick mucus secreted by respiratory passages Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pleurisy' mean?

inflammation of the pleura covering the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pleurodynia'?

sharp pain due to inflamed pleura rubbing together Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pneumoconiosis' refer to?

fibrosis of lung tissue caused by dust exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'pneumonectomy'?

surgical removal of all or part of a lung Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pneumonia' mean?

serous inflammation of the lungs with pus and fluids Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pneumothorax'?

accumulation of air in the pleural space Signup and view all the answers

What does 'polysomnography' refer to?

study measuring physiological activity during sleep Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'pulmonologist'?

physician specializing in respiratory system disorders Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pulse oximeter' mean?

monitor measuring oxygen saturation in blood Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pyothorax'?

presence of pus in the pleural cavity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sinusitis' refer to?

inflammation of the sinuses Signup and view all the answers

What is 'sleep apnea'?

disorder causing repeated pauses in breathing during sleep Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spirometer' mean?

device measuring air inhaled or exhaled Signup and view all the answers

What is 'tachypnea'?

abnormally rapid rate of respiration Signup and view all the answers

What does 'thoracentesis' mean?

surgical puncture of the chest to obtain fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is 'thoracotomy'?

surgical incision into the chest wall Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tracheostomy' refer to?

surgical creation of an opening in the trachea Signup and view all the answers

What is 'tracheotomy'?

incision into the trachea to access the airway Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tuberculosis' mean?

infectious disease caused by Myobacterium tuberculosis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Study Notes: Respiratory System

Bronch/o, bronchi/o: Refers to bronchial tubes or bronchi.
Laryng/o: Indicates the larynx or throat.
Nas/o: Signifies the nose.
Ox/i, ox/o, ox/y: Pertains to oxygen.
Pharyng/o: Relates to the throat or pharynx.
Phon/o: Relates to sound or voice.
Pleur/o: Denotes the pleura or side of the body.
-pnea: A suffix indicating breathing.
Pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu-: Associated with lungs or air.
Pulm/o, pulmon/o: Specifically refers to the lung.
Sinus/o: Refers to sinus cavities.
Somn/o: Relates to sleep.
Spir/o: Indicates the act of breathing.
Thorac/o, -thorax: Pertains to the chest or pleural cavity.
Trache/o: Refers to the trachea or windpipe.
Alveoli: Tiny air sacs in the lungs at the end of bronchioles.
Anoxia: Absence of oxygen in tissues despite adequate blood flow.
Antitussive: Cough medicine used to suppress coughing.
Aphonia: Loss of ability to produce normal speech.
Asbestosis: Lung disease caused by asbestos exposure.
Asphyxia: Loss of consciousness from lack of oxygen.
Asthma: Chronic inflammation of bronchial tubes.
Atelectasis: Collapsed lung or incomplete lung expansion due to blockage.
Bradypnea: Abnormally slow breathing, usually fewer than 10 breaths per minute.
Bronchodilator: Medication that relaxes bronchial passages.
Bronchorrhea: Excessive mucus discharge from the bronchi.
Bronchospasm: Involuntary contraction of bronchi muscles, narrowing airways.
Cheyne-Stokes respiration: Irregular breathing pattern with alternating fast and slow breaths.
Croup: Acute respiratory infection in children causing barking cough.
Cyanosis: Bluish skin discoloration due to inadequate oxygen supply.
Cystic fibrosis: Genetic disorder causing thick mucus in lungs and pancreas.
Diphtheria: Acute bacterial throat infection.
Dysphonia: Difficulty speaking, including voice quality impairments.
Dyspnea: Shortness of breath or difficult breathing.
Emphysema: Long-term progressive lung function loss, often due to smoking.
Empyema: Accumulation of pus in a body cavity.
Endotracheal intubation: Insertion of a tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway.
Epistaxis: Nosebleed, often due to dry air or injury.
Hemoptysis: Coughing up blood-stained sputum.
Hypercapnia: Excessive carbon dioxide in the blood.
Hyperpnea: Abnormally deep and rapid breathing during exertion.
Hypopnea: Shallow or slow breathing, less than normal.
Hypoxemia: Low oxygen levels in the blood.
Hypoxia: Deficiency of oxygen in body tissues.
Laryngectomy: Surgical removal of the larynx.
Laryngitis: Inflammation of the larynx.
Laryngoscopy: Visual examination of the larynx using a scope.
Laryngospasm: Sudden closure of the larynx.
Mediastinum: Central part of the chest cavity between the lungs.
Nebulizer: Device turning liquid medicine into mist for inhalation.
Otolaryngologist: Specialist in ear, nose, and throat disorders.
Pertussis: Whooping cough; contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract.
Pharyngitis: Inflammation of the pharynx; sore throat.
Phlegm: Thick mucus in the respiratory passages.
Pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleura.
Pleurodynia: Sharp pain during inhalation from inflamed membranes.
Pneumoconiosis: Lung fibrotic disease caused by dust exposure.
Pneumonectomy: Surgical removal of a part or the entire lung.
Pneumonia: Lung inflammation where alveoli fill with pus and fluids.
Pneumothorax: Air accumulation in the pleural space causing lung collapse.
Polysomnography: Sleep study measuring physiological activity during sleep.
Pulmonologist: Physician specializing in respiratory system diseases.
Pulse oximeter: Monitor measuring blood oxygen saturation.
Pyothorax: Presence of pus in the pleural cavity.
Sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinuses.
Sleep apnea: Disorder with repeated breathing cessation during sleep.
Spirometer: Device measuring inhaled/exhaled air volumes.
Tachypnea: Rapid breathing rate, over 20 breaths per minute.
Thoracentesis: Surgical puncture to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity.
Thoracotomy: Incision into the chest wall for biopsy or treatment.
Tracheostomy: Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea.
Tracheotomy: Incision into the trachea for airway access.
Tuberculosis: Infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs.

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Description

Test your knowledge of medical terminology related to the respiratory system with this comprehensive quiz. From understanding the function of the lungs to the details of bronchial structures, explore key vocabulary that is essential for healthcare professionals.