Respiratory System Processes and Factors Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the main factor that influences the major factor of hemoglobin saturation?

BPG (2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate)

Temperature (correct)

PCO2

Blood pH

Which form does carbon dioxide primarily take for transport in blood?

Dissolved in plasma as PCO2

As bicarbonate ions in plasma (correct)

As carbonic acid

Chemically bound to hemoglobin

Why is tissue PO2 always lower than in arterial blood PO2?

Blood pH is lower in tissues

CO2 moves from tissues into blood due to a higher PCO2 in tissues

Oxygen moves from blood to tissues due to the pressure difference (correct)

Arterial blood has higher levels of carbon monoxide

What is the mechanism by which oxygen is transported in blood?

Loosely bound to hemoglobin in RBCs Signup and view all the answers

What is a classification of hypoxia where cells are unable to use oxygen due to metabolic poisons like cyanide?

Histotoxic hypoxia Signup and view all the answers

What change in shape of hemoglobin facilitates the loading and unloading of oxygen?

As oxygen binds, causing Hb to change shape Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain contains rhythm generators that drive respiration?

Medulla Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG) in the brainstem?

Sets the respiratory rate and rhythm Signup and view all the answers

Which group of neurons in the Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG) drives respiration?

Phrenic and intercostal neurons Signup and view all the answers

Why does CO2 diffuse more rapidly out of the cells compared to O2?

CO2 is more soluble in water than O2 Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG) play in respiration?

Integrates peripheral sensory input and modifies rhythms from VRG Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for quiet expiration?

Internal intercostal muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that influences airway resistance in pulmonary ventilation?

Friction Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of surfactant in the lungs?

Reduce surface tension of alveolar fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results in higher lung compliance?

Infant respiratory distress syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What drives flow of oxygen into the blood during external respiration?

Equalization of partial pressures Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would bronchioles dilate to direct more air?

High alveolar CO2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the most potent and tightly controlled factor that influences the medullary respiratory centers?

PCO2 Signup and view all the answers

Which chemoreceptors mediate 30% of the CO2 response in influencing breathing?

Peripheral chemoreceptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of acute mountain sickness (AMS)?

Abrupt change in arterial pH Signup and view all the answers

Which lung disease is characterized by a permanent enlargement of alveoli and destruction of alveolar walls?

Chronic emphysema Signup and view all the answers

What immune response mechanism causes airway inflammation in tuberculosis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers