29 Questions
What is the function of alveoli?
Exchange of gases
Which term refers to the normal respiration?
Eupnoea
In heart failure, which type of dyspnoea occurs only at night?
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Which muscle is the main muscle involved in inspiration?
Diaphragm
What occurs during expiration?
Decrease in thoracic volume
Which part of the respiratory system comprises the lower respiratory passage?
Non-conducting part
What is the aim of cellular respiration?
Extraction of energy from food
Which type of respiration involves the exchange of gases between blood and tissues?
Internal respiration
What is the normal respiratory rate in adults during Eupnoea?
16/min
Which part of the respiratory system does not undergo gas exchange?
Conducting part
What is the main function of the conducting part of the respiratory system?
Conduction of air
How many phases are present in normal respiration under hyperventilation conditions?
2 phases
What is the pressure inside alveoli at the beginning of inspiration?
0 mmHg
What is the value of intra abdominal pressure at the end of normal inspiration and beginning of expiration?
+1 mmHg
What is the main cause of hemothorax?
Malignant tumor
What does pneumothorax refer to?
Presence of air in the pleural cavity
What is the value of intraalveolar pressure at the end of normal expiration?
-1 mmHg
In relation to intra pleural space, what does hydropneumothorax indicate?
Presence of air and fluid in the pleural cavity
During expiration, what happens to the thoracic cage volume?
Decreases
Which type of alveolar cell is responsible for gas exchange due to its thin nature?
Type I
What is the function of Type II alveolar cells?
Surfactant secretion
Which apparatus is used to measure the volumes and capacities in static pulmonary function tests?
Spirometer
What is the main function of a pulmonary alveolar macrophage (PAM)?
Phagocytosis
Which pressure increases during inspiration?
Intraleural pressure
What is the Minute Respiratory Volume (MRV) in normal respiration?
6-8 L/min
What is the Breathing Reserve (BR) formula derived from the text?
MBC - MRV
What does a Dyspnoeic Index (DI) of less than 70% indicate?
Severe dyspnoea
What does Timed Vital Capacity (TVC) measure?
% amount of air expired in different seconds of expiration
What is Maximal Breathing Capacity (MBC) in males according to the text?
120 L/min
Test your knowledge on the pressure dynamics involved in the respiratory system, including intrapulmonary pressure and intraabdominal pressure. Understand how these pressures change during different phases of respiration.
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