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Questions and Answers
During expiration, the air you exhale first comes from the:
During expiration, the air you exhale first comes from the:
- Alveoli
- Anatomical dead space (correct)
- Primary bronchi
- Secondary bronchi
In a mixed air situation during expiration, the highest PO2 is found in:
In a mixed air situation during expiration, the highest PO2 is found in:
- Mixed expiration air
- Interstitial fluid
- Alveolar air (correct)
- Arterial blood
According to the respiratory system basics provided, which generation of the respiratory tree is the trachea?
According to the respiratory system basics provided, which generation of the respiratory tree is the trachea?
- Generation #0 (correct)
- Generation #2
- Generation #3
- Generation #1
What does PDS stand for in the context of the respiratory system?
What does PDS stand for in the context of the respiratory system?
If WV=0 in the respiratory system equation provided, what does PDS equal to?
If WV=0 in the respiratory system equation provided, what does PDS equal to?
What happens to the PDS compared to the ADS when WV in the respiratory system equation is greater than 0?
What happens to the PDS compared to the ADS when WV in the respiratory system equation is greater than 0?
Which generation in the respiratory system is the main site for gas exchange?
Which generation in the respiratory system is the main site for gas exchange?
What gives support to generations #0 to #10 in the respiratory system?
What gives support to generations #0 to #10 in the respiratory system?
Which type of cell occupies 95% of the alveolus and is essential for gas exchange?
Which type of cell occupies 95% of the alveolus and is essential for gas exchange?
What is the function of Type 2 alveolar cells in the alveolus?
What is the function of Type 2 alveolar cells in the alveolus?
What is the role of alveolar macrophages in the alveoli?
What is the role of alveolar macrophages in the alveoli?
In which zone of the respiratory system would you find generations #0 to #16?
In which zone of the respiratory system would you find generations #0 to #16?
What happens if the amount of fluid in the interstitial space increases?
What happens if the amount of fluid in the interstitial space increases?
How is resistance (R) related to the cross-sectional area (A) of respiratory structures?
How is resistance (R) related to the cross-sectional area (A) of respiratory structures?
What is the driving force needed to overcome resistance (R)?
What is the driving force needed to overcome resistance (R)?
Which concept is the opposite of resistance (R)?
Which concept is the opposite of resistance (R)?
What is the relationship between airway resistance and pressure difference?
What is the relationship between airway resistance and pressure difference?
Physiologically, what value does airway resistance typically have?
Physiologically, what value does airway resistance typically have?
Why is airway resistance considered small and negligible?
Why is airway resistance considered small and negligible?
Why is vascular resistance significantly higher than airway resistance?
Why is vascular resistance significantly higher than airway resistance?
Why is most airway resistance realized in large divisions?
Why is most airway resistance realized in large divisions?
What defines reversibility in asthma after using a bronchodilator?
What defines reversibility in asthma after using a bronchodilator?
When are spirometry measurements typically done in relation to administering a bronchodilator?
When are spirometry measurements typically done in relation to administering a bronchodilator?
In severe asthma cases, what may be needed before demonstrating reversibility?
In severe asthma cases, what may be needed before demonstrating reversibility?
What is the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and expiration in a mixed air situation?
What is the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and expiration in a mixed air situation?
What is the primary function of anatomical dead space (ADS) in the respiratory system equation provided?
What is the primary function of anatomical dead space (ADS) in the respiratory system equation provided?
In which generation of the respiratory tree would you find the primary bronchi?
In which generation of the respiratory tree would you find the primary bronchi?
What does the anatomical dead space (ADS) equal to when there is no dead space in the system (WV=0)?
What does the anatomical dead space (ADS) equal to when there is no dead space in the system (WV=0)?
Which part of the respiratory system is composed of 23 generations/divisions/branches?
Which part of the respiratory system is composed of 23 generations/divisions/branches?
What happens to mixed air expiration partial pressures of CO2 when compared to O2?
What happens to mixed air expiration partial pressures of CO2 when compared to O2?
What comprises the anatomical dead space in terms of air volume during expiration?
What comprises the anatomical dead space in terms of air volume during expiration?
Where does gas exchange primarily occur within the respiratory system?
Where does gas exchange primarily occur within the respiratory system?
What is the main function of Type 2 alveolar cells in the alveolus?
What is the main function of Type 2 alveolar cells in the alveolus?
Which generation of the respiratory tree has cartilage providing support?
Which generation of the respiratory tree has cartilage providing support?
What is the diameter of the alveolus mentioned in the text?
What is the diameter of the alveolus mentioned in the text?
In which zone of the respiratory system are generations #17 to #23 located?
In which zone of the respiratory system are generations #17 to #23 located?
Why do generations #11 to #23 need to be supported by smooth muscles?
Why do generations #11 to #23 need to be supported by smooth muscles?
What is the role of alveolar macrophages in the alveoli mentioned in the text?
What is the role of alveolar macrophages in the alveoli mentioned in the text?
Why are generations #0 to #16 located in the conductive zone of the respiratory system?
Why are generations #0 to #16 located in the conductive zone of the respiratory system?
Why is airway resistance considered small and negligible?
Why is airway resistance considered small and negligible?
What happens to the thickness of the respiratory membrane if the amount of fluid in the interstitial space increases?
What happens to the thickness of the respiratory membrane if the amount of fluid in the interstitial space increases?
What is the defining factor leading to higher resistance in large airways?
What is the defining factor leading to higher resistance in large airways?
How is airway resistance measured indirectly according to the text?
How is airway resistance measured indirectly according to the text?
What is the relationship between airway resistance and permeability (K) according to the text?
What is the relationship between airway resistance and permeability (K) according to the text?
What defines reversibility in asthma after using a bronchodilator?
What defines reversibility in asthma after using a bronchodilator?
What concept is considered the opposite of airway resistance?
What concept is considered the opposite of airway resistance?
Why do patients with severe asthma sometimes require oral steroid therapy before demonstrating reversibility?
Why do patients with severe asthma sometimes require oral steroid therapy before demonstrating reversibility?
Which respiratory component is primarily responsible for gas exchange?
Which respiratory component is primarily responsible for gas exchange?
What does a high resistance (R) in the respiratory system necessitate according to the text?
What does a high resistance (R) in the respiratory system necessitate according to the text?
What physiological characteristic do airway resistance typically exhibit?
What physiological characteristic do airway resistance typically exhibit?
How does airway resistance affect the flow in the respiratory system equation provided?
How does airway resistance affect the flow in the respiratory system equation provided?
In the context of airway resistance, why is the flow rate particularly low in bronchioles?
In the context of airway resistance, why is the flow rate particularly low in bronchioles?
Which term is used to express airway resistance indirectly due to measurement challenges?
Which term is used to express airway resistance indirectly due to measurement challenges?
What role does permeability (K) play in maintaining a constant flow in the respiratory system according to the text?
What role does permeability (K) play in maintaining a constant flow in the respiratory system according to the text?
What contributes to most of the airway resistance being realized in large divisions?
What contributes to most of the airway resistance being realized in large divisions?
What is the relationship between airway resistance and permeability according to the text?
What is the relationship between airway resistance and permeability according to the text?
Why is measuring airway resistance considered challenging in the text?
Why is measuring airway resistance considered challenging in the text?
What defines the resistance of respiratory structures indirectly in the text?
What defines the resistance of respiratory structures indirectly in the text?
How does the amount of fluid in the interstitial space affect the thickness of the respiratory membrane?
How does the amount of fluid in the interstitial space affect the thickness of the respiratory membrane?
Which variable inversely affects the diffusion of oxygen in the respiratory system?
Which variable inversely affects the diffusion of oxygen in the respiratory system?
What is the driving force needed to overcome resistance in the provided respiratory system equation?
What is the driving force needed to overcome resistance in the provided respiratory system equation?
What is the main function of Type 1 alveolar cells in the alveolus?
What is the main function of Type 1 alveolar cells in the alveolus?
Why are generations #11 to #23 considered collapsible structures?
Why are generations #11 to #23 considered collapsible structures?
What is the primary role of surfactant in the alveoli?
What is the primary role of surfactant in the alveoli?
What is the diameter of the alveolus as mentioned in the text?
What is the diameter of the alveolus as mentioned in the text?
Which cells occupy approximately 5% of the alveolus and secrete surfactant?
Which cells occupy approximately 5% of the alveolus and secrete surfactant?
Where are generations #17 to #23 located within the respiratory system?
Where are generations #17 to #23 located within the respiratory system?
During expiration in a mixed air situation, where is the partial pressure of CO2 the highest?
During expiration in a mixed air situation, where is the partial pressure of CO2 the highest?
In the respiratory tree, which generation provides the primary site for gas exchange?
In the respiratory tree, which generation provides the primary site for gas exchange?
What is the highest PO2 found in during mixed air expiration?
What is the highest PO2 found in during mixed air expiration?
Which part of the respiratory system is composed of 23 generations/divisions/branches?
Which part of the respiratory system is composed of 23 generations/divisions/branches?
What role do Type 2 alveolar cells play in the alveolus?
What role do Type 2 alveolar cells play in the alveolus?
What happens if the amount of fluid in the interstitial space increases?
What happens if the amount of fluid in the interstitial space increases?
Why is airway resistance typically considered small and negligible?
Why is airway resistance typically considered small and negligible?
What defines reversibility in asthma after using a bronchodilator according to the text?
What defines reversibility in asthma after using a bronchodilator according to the text?
What contributes to most of the airway resistance being realized in large divisions?
What contributes to most of the airway resistance being realized in large divisions?
How is reversibility in asthma characterized for patients with severe asthma?
How is reversibility in asthma characterized for patients with severe asthma?
How does the NET cross-sectional area influence airway resistance?
How does the NET cross-sectional area influence airway resistance?
What characterizes the support for generations #11 to #23 in the respiratory system?
What characterizes the support for generations #11 to #23 in the respiratory system?
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