Respiratory System Overview

<p>Trachea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To aid in lung expansion and contraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gas exchange at the cellular level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larynx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bronchi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thoracic cavity expands and air pressure drops in the alveoli. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To expand the thoracic cavity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The amount of air moved in and out with each breath. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gas temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves both neural and chemical receptors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is faster in newborn babies than in adults. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Partial pressure of oxygen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To allow for expansion of the oesophagus during swallowing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce mucus that traps particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rich supply of blood capillaries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It introduces tar that irritates the lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mediastinum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assists in breathing and coughing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bronchioles are a subset of bronchi that continue to divide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitates the movement of the visceral pleura (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of gas exchange between the blood and the air sacs in the lungs. This is where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide leaves.

The process of gas exchange between the blood and the body's cells. This is where oxygen is delivered to the cells and carbon dioxide is picked up.

The breakdown of organic molecules, like glucose, within the cell to release energy. This process uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide.

The nose, nasal cavity and pharynx. These structures are responsible for filtering, warming and moistening incoming air.

The trachea, bronchi and lungs. These structures are responsible for further transporting air to the alveoli where gas exchange occurs.

The larynx, also known as the voice box, is made up of cartilage and is located on top of the trachea. It plays a critical role in preventing particles from entering the trachea.

The trachea is a tube that connects the larynx to the lungs. It's held open by C-shaped rings of cartilage. It's located in the mediastinum, which is the space in the chest between the lungs.

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that helps pull air into the lungs during inspiration. Intercostal muscles are located between the ribs and assist in the process of breathing.

The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi. Its C-shaped cartilaginous rings provide structural support and allow it to expand during swallowing.

The inner lining of the trachea is made of a specialized tissue called ciliated epithelium, which contains goblet cells. The cilia, tiny hair-like structures, sweep mucus upwards, preventing foreign particles from entering the lungs. Goblet cells secrete mucus to trap these particles.

Bronchi are the two large branches of the trachea that enter the lungs. They further divide into smaller and smaller branches, eventually leading to the smallest branches called bronchioles.

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. They have thin walls that allow oxygen to diffuse into the blood and carbon dioxide to diffuse out.

The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that contracts to pull air into the lungs during inhalation and relaxes to push air out during exhalation. It plays a crucial role in breathing.

Ribs protect the heart and lungs and are important for breathing. They move with the help of intercostal muscles, which are located between the ribs.

The visceral pleura is the thin membrane that covers the surface of the lungs. The parietal pleura lines the thoracic cavity. A thin layer of fluid, called pleural fluid, fills the space between these membranes, allowing the lungs to expand and contract smoothly during breathing.

The lungs are spongy, cone-shaped organs located in the thoracic cavity. They are responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.

The movement of air in and out of the lungs, composed of inspiration and expiration.

The process of breathing in air, where the diaphragm contracts, the rib cage expands, and air pressure in the lungs decreases, drawing in fresh air.

The process of breathing out air, where the diaphragm relaxes, the rib cage contracts, and air pressure in the lungs increases, forcing air out.

The volume of air that moves in and out of the lungs with each breath, approximately 0.5 liters.

The pressure exerted by a specific gas in a mixture of gases.

The thin membrane (0.6 μm) separating the alveoli and capillaries, essential for gas exchange.

The ability of the lungs to transfer oxygen from the alveoli to the blood, influenced by membrane thickness, surface area, gas diffusion coefficient and pressure difference.

The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, across the alveolar-capillary membrane.