Biology Chapter 14 - Respiratory System: Movement of Air and Gas Exchange

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What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

To facilitate digestion

To pump blood throughout the body

To exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen between the body's cells and the environment (correct)

To regulate body temperature

What are the three processes involved in respiration?

Pulmonary Ventilation, External Respiration, and Photosynthesis

Running, Jumping, and Swimming

Breathing, Eating, and Sleeping

Pulmonary Ventilation, Internal Respiration, and External Respiration (correct)

What is the function of the hairs in the nasal cavity?

To warm the inhaled air

To trap dust and debris (correct)

To connect the nasal cavity to the middle ear

To produce mucus

What is the function of the Eustachian tube?

To connect the nasal cavity to the middle ear Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the concha in the nasal cavity?

To cause the inhaled air to swirl in the nasal cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the part of the pharynx behind the nasal cavity?

Nasopharynx Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the eustachian tube?

To allow infections to spread from the nasal cavity to the ear Signup and view all the answers

What is the thyroid cartilage commonly known as?

The adam's apple Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epiglottis?

To cover the top of the larynx during swallowing Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of vocal cords?

True and false vocal cords Signup and view all the answers

What is the larynx commonly known as?

The voice box Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the false cords in the human body?

To close off the airway and keep food out Signup and view all the answers

What is the trachea lined with?

Ciliated mucus membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of the primary bronchi similar to?

Trachea Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the bronchioles?

1 mm in diameter Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the apex of the lungs?

Above the clavicle Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes does the left lung have?

2 lobes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the alveoli in the lungs?

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is responsible for secreting surfactant in the alveoli?

Type II septal cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the visceral pleura in the lungs?

To cover the outer surface of the lung Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the area of the medial surface of the lung where primary bronchi, pulmonary vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers enter and exit the lung?

Hilus Signup and view all the answers

What is the path of oxygen diffusion in the lungs?

From the alveolus into the pulmonary capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the alveolar macrophages in the lungs?

To engulf bacteria and other foreign particles Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of oxygen is carried bound to hemoglobin?

98% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary form of carbon dioxide transport in the blood?

As bicarbonate Signup and view all the answers

What is the total lung capacity in milliliters?

6000ml Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which carbon dioxide is safely carried in the blood?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of air that is always in the lungs unless the lungs are damaged?

Residual volume Signup and view all the answers

What is the device used to measure air volume exchange during breathing?

Spirometer Signup and view all the answers