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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?
What is the main function of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?
What is the name of the cells that contain numerous microvilli and are thought to be sensory receptors?
What is the name of the cells that contain numerous microvilli and are thought to be sensory receptors?
What is the primary function of the respiratory epithelium?
What is the primary function of the respiratory epithelium?
What is the name of the layer of loose connective tissue that lies beneath the respiratory epithelium?
What is the name of the layer of loose connective tissue that lies beneath the respiratory epithelium?
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What is the main component of the tracheal wall?
What is the main component of the tracheal wall?
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What type of cells are thought to be generative stem cells?
What type of cells are thought to be generative stem cells?
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What is the function of the small granule cells?
What is the function of the small granule cells?
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What is the name of the cells that contain mucus droplets in their apical portion?
What is the name of the cells that contain mucus droplets in their apical portion?
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Study Notes
Respiratory System
- The respiratory system consists of the lungs and a system of tubes that link the sites of gas exchange with the external environment.
Components of the Respiratory System
- Conducting portion: a combination of cartilage, elastic and collagen fibers, and smooth muscle cells, lined by respiratory epithelium, providing a conduit and conditioning inspired air.
Respiratory Epithelium
- Consists of 5 cell types:
- Ciliated columnar cells: most abundant type
- Goblet cells: next most abundant, containing mucus droplets (glycoproteins) in apical portion
- Brush cells: remaining columnar cells containing numerous microvilli, potentially sensory receptors
- Basal cells: small, rounded, generative stem cells
- Small granule cells: numerous granules, constituting a diffuse neuroendocrine system, with afferent nerve fibers
Respiratory Mucosa
- Consists of respiratory epithelium and lamina propria: a layer of loose connective tissue with mucous and serous glands, and a rich vascular network
Trachea and Primary Bronchi
- General structure: 16-20 cartilage in the wall, fibrous tissue, and a C-shaped mass of hyaline cartilage
- Wall of the trachea:
- Mucosa: epithelium (respiratory epithelium) and lamina propria (collagenous and elastic fibers)
- Submucosa: rich immune cells and seromucous glands
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Description
Learn about the components of the respiratory system, including the lungs and tubes, and their functions in gas exchange and air conditioning.
