Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and Cardiovascular Link
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Questions and Answers

What is the direction of CO2 diffusion in the alveolus?

  • From the alveolus into the blood
  • From the oxygenated blood into the deoxygenated blood
  • From the pulmonary artery into the pulmonary vein
  • From the blood into the alveolus (correct)

    • What is the primary factor that favors increased gas diffusion in the respiratory system?

  • Increased surface area (correct)
  • Increased solubility of oxygen in the blood
  • Shorter distance between the alveolus and capillaries
  • Higher partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere

    • What is the role of the pulmonary artery in the respiratory system?

  • It carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
  • It carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the systemic capillaries
  • It carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs (correct)
  • It regulates the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveolus

    • What is the primary function of the respiratory system in relation to the cardiovascular system?

    <p>To exchange oxygen and CO2 between the lungs and the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why CO2 is removed from the blood in the alveolus?

    <p>Because the partial pressure of CO2 is higher in the blood than in the alveolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

    <p>To obtain oxygen from the atmosphere and remove carbon dioxide from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of nutrient breakdown that needs to be excreted from the body?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of gas exchange in the lungs?

    <p>Microscopic air sacs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the tubes in the respiratory system?

    <p>To warm and humidify the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for separating the airway from the foodway?

    <p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the respiratory system in nursing and paramedic practice?

    <p>It is essential for caring for people with respiratory disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the mucous membranes in the bronchial tree?

    <p>To filter, warm, and humidify incoming air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of bronchodilation on the bronchioles and alveoli?

    <p>It increases the amount of air entering the bronchioles and alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the alveoli?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of gases across the respiratory membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of surfactant on the alveoli?

    <p>It reduces the surface tension of fluid in the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of oxygen transport in the blood?

    <p>Diffusion across the respiratory membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli and the partial pressure of oxygen in the capillary blood?

    <p>The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is always higher than in the capillary blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bronchioles are responsible for separating the airway from the foodway

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trachea is divided into two primary bronchi that enter each lung

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The alveolar ducts are responsible for transporting oxygen to the capillary blood

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During inspiration, the bronchioles constrict to increase air flow into the lungs

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bronchial tree is responsible for filtering the air we breathe

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mucous membranes of the bronchial tree filter and humidify but do not warm incoming air.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During bronchodilation, smooth muscle contraction increases the diameter of the bronchioles and alveoli.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The alveoli are surrounded by a single blood vessel.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Surfactant reduces the surface area of the fluid in the alveoli.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The partial pressure of O2 is lower in alveolar air than in capillary blood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, and alveolar ducts do not have smooth muscle.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trachea divides into the right and left bronchi before entering the lungs.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bronchioles are responsible for filtering, warming, and moisturizing the incoming air.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bronchial tree is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bronchioles are capable of movement to facilitate gas exchange.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The alveolar ducts are responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pharynx is a part of the respiratory system that filters incoming air.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main structure that divides into the right and left bronchi, which then enter the lungs?

    <p>The trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, and alveolar ducts in the respiratory system?

    <p>They facilitate gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the surface area of the alveoli in the process of gas exchange?

    <p>It allows for increased gas diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the bronchioles that helps them facilitate gas exchange?

    <p>They are capable of movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the alveolar ducts in the respiratory system?

    <p>They facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the trachea in the respiratory system?

    <p>To transport air into the bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the structure of the bronchial tree.

    <p>The bronchial tree consists of a series of branching tubes that start with the trachea, which divides into primary bronchi, then secondary bronchi, and finally bronchioles, which lead to the alveolar ducts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory tract?

    <p>To filter, warm, and moisturize incoming air, and transport it to the gas exchange areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the alveolar ducts in the respiratory system?

    <p>To transport air to the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can the bronchioles move to facilitate gas exchange?

    <p>No, the bronchioles are not capable of movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of bronchodilation on the diameter of the bronchioles and alveoli?

    <p>It increases the diameter of the bronchioles and alveoli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the mucous membranes in the bronchial tree, and how do they facilitate gas exchange?

    <p>The mucous membranes of the bronchial tree filter, warm, and humidify incoming air, which enables efficient gas exchange in the alveoli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction, and how do they affect airflow in the lungs?

    <p>Bronchodilation occurs when smooth muscle relaxes, increasing the diameter of bronchioles and alveoli, allowing more air to enter, whereas bronchoconstriction occurs when smooth muscle contracts, reducing the diameter and decreasing airflow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure surrounding the alveoli, and how does it facilitate gas exchange?

    <p>The alveoli are surrounded by blood vessels, which enable the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the alveolar-capillary membrane during gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of surfactant in the alveoli, and how does it affect gas exchange?

    <p>Surfactant reduces the surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, allowing for easier expansion of the lungs during inhalation and facilitating gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli and the partial pressure of oxygen in the capillary blood, and how does it affect gas exchange?

    <p>When the partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the alveoli than in the capillary blood, oxygen diffuses into the blood, enabling gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the trachea, and how does it divide into the bronchial tree?

    <p>The trachea divides into the right and left primary bronchi, which then branch into the bronchial tree, eventually leading to the alveoli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a gas mixture, each gas diffuses from higher ______ pressure to lower partial pressure

    <p>partial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pulmonary ______ carries oxygenated blood back to the heart

    <p>veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory and ______ systems work together to achieve their functions

    <p>cardiovascular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ ducts are responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide

    <p>alveolar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pulmonary artery carries ______ blood to the lungs

    <p>deoxygenated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mucous membranes of the bronchial tree function to ______ incoming air.

    <p>filter, warm, and humidify</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bronchoconstriction occurs when the smooth muscle of the bronchioles ______.

    <p>contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The alveoli are surrounded by ______ vessels.

    <p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The partial pressure of O2 is higher in ______ air than in capillary blood.

    <p>alveolar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ secreting cells form part of the structure of alveoli.

    <p>surfactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory tract is composed of the respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, and ______.

    <p>alveolar ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oxygen is required by cells to break down ______ to release energy and produce ATP;

    <p>nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory system obtains oxygen from the ______ and removes carbon dioxide from the body cells;

    <p>atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory system consists of tubes that ______ and moisturise incoming air;

    <p>filter, warm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory system is linked to the ______ system, among others;

    <p>cardiovascular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ are microscopic air sacs that exchange gases;

    <p>alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory system is essential knowledge for caring for people with ______ disease;

    <p>respiratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their functions in the respiratory system:

    <p>Trachea = Divides into the bronchial tree Alveoli = Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide Pulmonary artery = Carries oxygenated blood to the heart Mucous membranes = Filters incoming air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their characteristics in the respiratory system:

    <p>Bronchioles = Capable of movement to facilitate gas exchange Alveolar ducts = Responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide Pulmonary veins = Carries oxygenated blood to the heart Aorta = Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their roles in the respiratory system:

    <p>Respiratory bronchioles = Transports air to the alveoli Alveoli = Responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide Pulmonary artery = Carries oxygenated blood to the heart Terminal bronchioles = Divides into the alveolar ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their relationships in the respiratory system:

    <p>Alveoli = Surrounded by capillary blood vessels Bronchial tree = Divides into the respiratory bronchioles Respiratory system = Works with the cardiovascular system to achieve its functions Pulmonary veins = Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their functions in gas exchange in the respiratory system:

    <p>Alveoli = Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide Alveolar ducts = Transports air to the alveoli Pulmonary artery = Carries oxygenated blood to the heart Surfactant = Reduces the surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their functions in the respiratory system:

    <p>Mucous membranes of the bronchial tree = Filter, warm, and humidify incoming air Alveoli = Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide Respiratory bronchioles = Filter, warm, and humidify incoming air Pulmonary artery = Carry oxygenated blood back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions in the respiratory system:

    <p>Bronchodilation = Increase in diameter of the bronchioles due to smooth muscle relaxation Bronchoconstriction = Decrease in diameter of the bronchioles due to smooth muscle contraction Surfactant = Substance that increases surface tension of fluid in the alveoli Partial pressure = The amount of pressure exerted by a single gas in a mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their characteristics in the respiratory system:

    <p>Alveoli = Microscopic air sacs with simple squamous epithelium and surfactant secreting cells Bronchioles = Tubes that can move to facilitate gas exchange Respiratory tract = Composed of bronchial tree, bronchioles, and alveoli Pulmonary vein = Carries oxygenated blood back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their functions in the respiratory system:

    <p>Alveolar ducts = Responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide Bronchial tree = Filters, warms, and humidifies incoming air Respiratory bronchioles = Responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide Pulmonary artery = Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their relationships in the respiratory system:

    <p>Partial pressure of O2 in alveoli = Higher than in capillary blood Partial pressure of CO2 in alveoli = Lower than in capillary blood Bronchodilation = Increases air flow into the lungs Surfactant = Increases the surface tension of fluid in the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their functions in the respiratory system:

    <p>Alveoli = Site of gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream Pulmonary artery = Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs Respiratory tract = Composed of the mouth, nose, and throat Cardiovascular system = Responsible for delivering oxygen to the body's tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following respiratory structures with their functions:

    <p>Trachea = Divides into two primary bronchi that enter each lung Bronchioles = Constrict to increase air flow into the lungs Alveolar ducts = Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide Mucous membranes = Moisturise incoming air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the respiratory system with their roles in gas exchange:

    <p>Alveoli = Site of gas exchange Alveolar ducts = Transports oxygen to the capillary blood Pulmonary artery = Carries oxygenated blood back to the heart Mucous membranes = Regulates temperature and humidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the respiratory system with their relationships with other systems:

    <p>Respiratory system = Linked to the cardiovascular system Nervous system = Regulates breathing rate Muscular system = Supports ventilation Homeostasis = Regulates body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following respiratory structures with their characteristics:

    <p>Alveoli = Microscopic air sacs that exchange gases Bronchioles = Capable of movement to facilitate gas exchange Trachea = Divided into two primary bronchi that enter each lung Epiglottis = Separates the airway from the foodway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the respiratory system with their roles in air processing:

    <p>Nasal cavity = Warms and humidifies incoming air Pharynx = Filters incoming air Bronchial tree = Transports air to the gas exchange areas Alveolar ducts = Regulates temperature and humidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the respiratory system with their significance in practice:

    <p>Respiratory system = Essential for caring for people with respiratory disease Alveoli = Important for gas exchange in nursing practice Cardiovascular system = Linked to the respiratory system in paramedic practice Nervous system = Regulates breathing rate in nursing practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

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