8 Questions
What is one of the primary functions of the respiratory system?
To bring oxygen into the body
Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system?
Stomach
During inhalation, what happens to the diaphragm?
It contracts and flattens
What is the main site of gas exchange in the lungs?
Alveoli
Which muscle is responsible for aiding in inhalation?
Intercostal muscles
What is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after forced exhalation?
Residual Volume
What is the primary function of the larynx?
To produce sound
What is the term for the volume of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing?
Tidal Volume
Study Notes
Functions of the Respiratory System
- Bring oxygen into the body
- Remove carbon dioxide from the body
- Regulate pH levels by removing excess hydrogen ions
Main Components of the Respiratory System
- Nose and Mouth: entrance points for air
- Pharynx: common passageway for air and food
- Larynx: voice box
- Trachea: tube that leads to lungs
- Bronchi: tubes that branch off from trachea into lungs
- Lungs: organs responsible for gas exchange
- Diaphragm: muscle that separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity
- Rib Cage: bony structure that protects lungs and aids in breathing
Mechanism of Breathing
-
Inhalation:
- Diaphragm contracts and flattens
- Rib cage expands
- Air enters through nose or mouth
- Air passes through trachea and bronchi into lungs
-
Exhalation:
- Diaphragm relaxes and rises
- Rib cage descends
- Air is pushed out of lungs and exhaled through nose or mouth
Gas Exchange
- Oxygen: diffuses from alveoli into blood capillaries
- Carbon Dioxide: diffuses from blood capillaries into alveoli
- Alveoli: tiny sacs in lungs where gas exchange occurs
Respiratory Muscles
- Diaphragm: primary muscle of inhalation
- Intercostal Muscles: muscles between ribs that aid in inhalation
- Accessory Muscles: muscles used during forced inhalation or exhalation (e.g. neck, back, and abdominal muscles)
Respiratory Volumes
- Tidal Volume (TV): volume of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing
- Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): volume of air that can be inhaled forcefully
- Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): volume of air that can be exhaled forcefully
- Residual Volume (RV): volume of air remaining in lungs after forced exhalation
Functions of the Respiratory System
- Brings oxygen into the body
- Removes carbon dioxide from the body
- Regulates pH levels by removing excess hydrogen ions
Main Components of the Respiratory System
- Nose and Mouth: entrance points for air
- Pharynx: common passageway for air and food
- Larynx: voice box
- Trachea: tube that leads to lungs
- Bronchi: tubes that branch off from trachea into lungs
- Lungs: organs responsible for gas exchange
- Diaphragm: muscle that separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity
- Rib Cage: bony structure that protects lungs and aids in breathing
Mechanism of Breathing
- Inhalation: Diaphragm contracts and flattens, Rib cage expands, Air enters through nose or mouth, Air passes through trachea and bronchi into lungs
- Exhalation: Diaphragm relaxes and rises, Rib cage descends, Air is pushed out of lungs and exhaled through nose or mouth
Gas Exchange
- Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into blood capillaries
- Carbon Dioxide diffuses from blood capillaries into alveoli
- Alveoli: tiny sacs in lungs where gas exchange occurs
Respiratory Muscles
- Diaphragm: primary muscle of inhalation
- Intercostal Muscles: muscles between ribs that aid in inhalation
- Accessory Muscles: muscles used during forced inhalation or exhalation (e.g. neck, back, and abdominal muscles)
Respiratory Volumes
- Tidal Volume (TV): volume of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing
- Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): volume of air that can be inhaled forcefully
- Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): volume of air that can be exhaled forcefully
- Residual Volume (RV): volume of air remaining in lungs after forced exhalation
Learn about the functions of the respiratory system, including bringing oxygen into the body and removing carbon dioxide. Identify the main components of the respiratory system, from the nose and mouth to the lungs and diaphragm.
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