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Respiratory System Basics
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Respiratory System Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the epiglottis in the larynx?

  • To regulate breathing
  • To prevent choking (correct)
  • To produce sound
  • To filter the air

    • What type of tissue lines the trachea?

  • Muscle tissue
  • Epithelial tissue
  • Connective tissue
  • Mucous membrane (correct)

    • What is the function of the cilia in the trachea?

  • To produce mucus
  • To warm the air
  • To sweep foreign matter out of the pathway (correct)
  • To regulate breathing

    • What is the difference between the right and left bronchi?

    <p>The left bronchus is smaller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the thyroid cartilage?

    <p>To contribute to a deeper male voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trachea?

    <p>A smooth, muscular tube leading from the larynx to the main bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cricoid cartilage?

    <p>To contain the vocal cords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of the trachea?

    <p>1 inch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

    <p>To furnish oxygen for individual tissue cells and to remove waste products and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is external respiration?

    <p>The process of inhaling oxygen into the lungs and exhaling carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is internal respiration?

    <p>The metabolic process by which living cells use blood flowing through capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nose?

    <p>Warms and moistens inhaled air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nasal septum?

    <p>To divide the nasal cavity into two passages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the conchae?

    <p>To warm and humidify the air we breathe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the throat?

    <p>Pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many openings are there into the pharynx?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the eustachian tubes?

    <p>To regulate air pressure in the ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the maxillae?

    <p>To separate the nasal cavities from the mouth cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pharynx in relation to phonation?

    <p>Aids in phonation by changing its shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much mucus is produced daily in the nose?

    <p>1 quart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tube that extends downward from the base of the skull?

    <p>Pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tube that becomes the esophagus?

    <p>Pharynx eventually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nose in relation to dust, pollen, bacteria, and foreign matter?

    <p>Its cilia and mucous membrane trap dust, pollen, bacteria, and foreign matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the voicebox?

    <p>Larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does a foreign body usually lodge if it is inhaled or aspirated?

    <p>In the larger right bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bronchitis?

    <p>Inflammation of the bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the alveoli?

    <p>To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many lobes does the right lung have?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cardiac depression?

    <p>An indentation in the left lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total lung capacity of an average male?

    <p>3.6-9.4 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diaphragm?

    <p>A muscle separating the thorax and abdominal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tidal volume?

    <p>The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for when both lungs are affected by pneumonia?

    <p>Double pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammation of the air sacs in the lungs?

    <p>Pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four vital signs?

    <p>Temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur if someone is unconscious and stomach contents are aspirated into the lungs?

    <p>Aspiration pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a deviation from normal vital signs indicate?

    <p>A state of illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Respiratory System

    • The respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
    • The primary function of this system is to furnish oxygen to individual tissue cells and remove waste products and carbon dioxide.

    External Respiration

    • External respiration is the process of inhaling oxygen into the lungs and exhaling carbon dioxide.

    Internal Respiration

    • Internal respiration is the metabolic process by which living cells use blood to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

    Nose

    • The nose is the external opening of the respiratory system.
    • The nasal septum divides the nose into two nasal cavities, each with three air passages: superior, middle, and inferior conchae.
    • The nose has five functions: air passageway, warming and moistening inhaled air, trapping dust and foreign matter, containing olfactory receptors, and aiding in phonation and voice quality.

    Pharynx

    • The pharynx, or throat, is a muscular and membranous tube about 5 inches long.
    • There are seven openings into the pharynx: two from the eustachian tubes, two from the posterior nares, one from the mouth, and two from the larynx.
    • The pharynx contains three pairs of tissues that are part of the lymphatic system: pharyngeal tonsils, palatine tonsils, and lingual tonsils.
    • The pharynx has three functions: serves as a passageway for air, serves as a passageway for food, and aids in phonation by changing its shape.

    Larynx

    • The larynx, or voicebox, is located at the upper end of the trachea.
    • The larynx contains vocal cords, which produce sound.
    • The epiglottis covers the entrance of the larynx while swallowing to avoid choking.

    Trachea

    • The trachea, or windpipe, is a smooth, muscular tube leading from the larynx to the main bronchi.
    • The trachea is lined with cilia that sweep foreign matter out of the pathway.
    • The trachea is about 1 inch in diameter and 4 ½ inches long.

    Bronchi

    • The bronchi are the two main branches at the bottom of the trachea, providing a passageway for air to the lungs.
    • The trachea divides into the right bronchus and the left bronchus, which then divide into smaller bronchioles and eventually into alveolar ducts.
    • The left bronchus is smaller than the right bronchus due to the presence of the heart.

    Lungs

    • The lungs are two spongy organs located in the thorax, consisting of elastic tissue and an interlacing network of tubes and sacs.
    • Each lung is divided into lobes, with the right lung having three lobes and the left lung having two.
    • The lungs contain about 300 million alveoli, which are the air cells where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place with the capillaries.

    Respiratory Infections

    • Pathogens, white cells, and immune proteins present during an infection may cause the air sacs to become inflamed and filled with fluid, characteristic of pneumonia.

    Vital Signs

    • Vital signs, including temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure, are essential elements for determining an individual's state of health.
    • A deviation from normal of any or all of the vital signs indicates a state of illness.

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    Description

    Learn about the respiratory system, its components, and its primary function of furnishing oxygen and removing waste products.

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