30 Questions
What type of epithelium covers the nasopharynx?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
Where is the pharyngeal tonsil located?
In the posterior nasopharynx wall
What blocks material from the oral cavity and oropharynx from entering the nasopharynx?
The uvula
What is the function of the lymphatic organs in the oropharynx?
To provide the first line of defense against ingested or inhaled foreign materials
What type of epithelium lines the laryngopharynx?
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous
Where does the laryngopharynx terminate?
At the superior border of the esophagus
What is the function of the cartilaginous C-shaped rings in the primary bronchi?
To support the walls of the primary bronchi and keep them open
What is the orientation of the right primary bronchus compared to the left primary bronchus?
More vertical and wider
What is the purpose of the hilum of the lung?
To allow for the entry of pulmonary vessels, nerves, and bronchi
What is the thickness of the cells in the basement membrane of capillaries?
.5 μ
How many secondary bronchi are present in the left lung?
Two
What is the function of Type II cells in the alveoli?
Secreting surfactant
What is the term for the smaller tubes that branch off from the tertiary bronchi?
Terminal bronchioles
What is the primary function of the respiratory membrane?
Facilitating gas exchange
What is the name given to the part of the lung supplied by a segmental bronchus?
Bronchopulmonary segment
What is the term for the exchange of gases between the lungs and atmosphere?
Pulmonary ventilation
What is the primary muscle involved in inspiration?
Diaphragm
What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?
It relaxes and moves upward
What is the primary function of the respiratory mucosa in the nose?
To trap contaminants and move them up towards the mouth
Which part of the nasal cavity is lined with olfactory receptors?
The superior surface of the nasal cavity
What is the main function of the conchae in the nasal cavity?
To increase the surface area of the nasal cavity
What is the name of the region of the pharynx that is attached to the larynx?
Laryngopharynx
What is the primary function of the paranasal sinuses?
To lighten the skull and act as resonance chambers for speech
What separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity?
The palate
What is the effect of the contraction of the external intercostals on the thoracic cavity during inhalation?
Increasing the transverse dimensions
What is the primary function of the internal intercostals during breathing?
Depressing the ribs during forced exhalation
What is the role of the abdominal muscles in breathing?
Assisting with active exhalation
What is the relationship between the volume of the thoracic cavity and the intrapulmonary pressure during inhalation?
The pressure decreases as the volume increases
What is the direction of airflow during inhalation?
From the atmosphere into the lungs
What is the primary mechanism driving the flow of gases during breathing?
Changes in thoracic volume
Learn about the different parts of the respiratory system, including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Understand the function of the respiratory mucosa and its role in trapping contaminants.
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