Respiratory System and Nasal Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of alkaline pH in the blood due to hyperventilation?

  • Decrease in oxygen demand
  • Increase in carbon dioxide retention
  • Increase in oxygen demand
  • Decrease in carbon dioxide retention (correct)
  • At what altitude would hemoglobin saturation be about 67%?

  • 19000 feet (correct)
  • Sea level
  • 28000 feet
  • 8000 feet
  • What is the main factor that poses a problem during exercise at higher altitudes?

  • Low oxygen reserve in the veins (correct)
  • Decreased heart rate
  • Dehydration from increased urination
  • Increased CO2 levels
  • What altitude usually triggers Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)?

    <p>8000 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) generally treated?

    <p>Decreasing to a lower altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does fetal breathing movement usually begin?

    <p>Week 20 of development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the conchae in the nose?

    <p>To clean and warm incoming air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the vocal cords and epiglottis located?

    <p>In the larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area in the respiratory system is responsible for splitting food into the esophagus and air into the trachea?

    <p>Laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to cilia in the larynx when exposed to cold air?

    <p>They slow down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the ears to the nasal cavity in the nasopharynx area?

    <p>Eustachian tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the epiglottis during swallowing?

    <p>Closing off the trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alveolar macrophages in the lungs?

    <p>Clean debris and kill pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cardiac notch in the left lung?

    <p>Create space for the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle contraction is primarily responsible for deep breathing?

    <p>Diaphragm contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total amount of air in the lungs represented by Total Lung Capacity (TLC)?

    <p>$6000$ ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the anatomical dead space refer to?

    <p>Air that never reaches the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pressure is responsible for inspiration during breathing?

    <p>Atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What controls the respiratory rate in humans?

    <p>$pH$ levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

    <p>Pulmonary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $500$ ml of air entering the lungs during quiet breathing is known as what?

    <p>$TV$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of terminal bronchioles in the respiratory system?

    <p>Branch out into bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the apneustic center located in the pons?

    <p>Stimulates the dorsal respiratory group (DRG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the body's respiratory rate adjust in response to a decrease in oxygen levels?

    <p>It increases ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when there is a high pressure of oxygen in the alveoli?

    <p>Pulmonary arterioles dilate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas law states that the sum of each gas pressure is the total pressure?

    <p>Dalton's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary form through which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood back to the lungs?

    <p>As bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a decrease in pH influence oxygen saturation of hemoglobin?

    <p>Decreases saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hyperpnea?

    <p>Increase in rate and depth of ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to oxygen after it diffuses into a red blood cell?

    <p>Binds with the iron molecule connected to hemoglobin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules are responsible for transporting most of the carbon dioxide back to the lungs?

    <p>Bicarbonate molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

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