Respiratory System Anatomy Quiz

A thin layer of connective tissue beneath the epithelium, providing structural support and containing blood vessels for nutrient supply.

Specialized cells in the epithelium that secrete mucus, aiding in lubrication and protection.

A layer of connective tissue that surrounds the bronchi, providing both structure and flexibility.

The outer layer of the bronchus, composed of connective tissue that helps anchor it to surrounding lung tissue.

A type of cartilage found in the bronchi, providing structural support and flexibility to maintain airway patency.

The large airways outside the lungs, including the primary and secondary bronchi, connect to the trachea and divide into smaller airways.

The airways within the lungs, starting from the tertiary bronchi to the terminal bronchi, are surrounded by lung tissue and branch into even smaller bronchioles.

The primary and secondary bronchi are also known as lobar bronchi because they supply air to the lobes of the lungs.

The tertiary bronchi are also known as segmental bronchi, supplying air to different segments of the lungs.

Terminal bronchi branch into even smaller respiratory bronchioles, which lead to the alveoli where gas exchange occurs.

A type of airway in the lungs, smaller than a bronchus, lined with a single layer of tall, narrow cells with nuclei arranged in a single row.

The lining of the bronchiole, composed of a single layer of tall, narrow cells.

The cells that make up the simple columnar epithelium in the bronchiole are smaller than those found in the larger bronchi.

The nuclei of the simple columnar epithelial cells in the bronchiole are arranged in a single row.

The structure of the bronchiole is different from the larger bronchi, including a thinner wall, smaller diameter, and simpler epithelial lining.

The innermost layer of the airway, composed of respiratory epithelium, which facilitates gas exchange and traps inhaled particles, and lamina propria, containing supporting smooth muscle and glands, which contributes to airway constriction and mucus production.

The layer beneath the mucosa, providing structural support and containing glands, which secrete mucus, and sometimes cartilage segments, depending on the airway size, for flexibility and patency.

A specialized type of lymph tissue found in the lamina propria of the airway's mucosa, which plays a crucial role in the immune response to inhaled pathogens.

A specialized tissue type that provides semi-rigid support and flexibility to the airways, especially the larger ones. Its presence helps maintain airway patency, preventing collapse.

The outermost layer of the airway is typically absent in the lungs. It is usually found in other parts of the respiratory system.

Airways that branch off from the trachea, lack cartilage but have smooth muscles, connect to the terminal bronchiole.

The smallest bronchioles that lead directly to the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.

These are the air passages within the lungs that connect the terminal bronchioles to the alveoli; where oxygen enters the bloodstream from the lungs.

The branch point of the terminal bronchiole, branching into even smaller structures, marking the transition to respiratory bronchioles.

The functional unit of gas exchange in the lung, tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries for oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal.

The smallest air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

A cluster of alveoli, resembling a bunch of grapes, increasing the surface area for gas exchange.

A small airway that connects to multiple alveolar sacs, leading to the alveoli.

A small airway that connects to the terminal bronchiole, marking the transition to gas exchange.

A thin membrane that separates the alveoli from capillaries, facilitating gas exchange.

A type of cell found lining the alveoli, responsible for gas exchange.

A type of cell found in the alveoli, responsible for producing surfactant, which reduces surface tension.

A fluid secreted by the type II pneumocytes lining the alveoli, reducing surface tension and preventing alveoli from collapsing.

A type of cell found in the alveoli, acting as a scavenger for dust particles and other debris.

A fluid secreted by the mesothelium of the visceral pleura, providing lubrication to the surfaces of the lungs.