Respiratory System Anatomy Part 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the structural change that occurs in the bronchi as they branch?

  • An increase in both cartilage and smooth muscle
  • A decrease in cartilage and an increase in smooth muscle (correct)
  • A decrease in both cartilage and smooth muscle
  • An increase in cartilage and a decrease in smooth muscle

What is the purpose of the pleural fluid in the pleural cavity?

  • To reduce the pressure in the thoracic cavity
  • To increase the pressure in the thoracic cavity
  • To increase friction between the lungs and the thoracic cavity
  • To reduce friction between the lungs and the thoracic cavity (correct)

Which type of cell in the alveoli secretes alveolar fluid containing surfactant?

  • Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (correct)
  • Type 1 alveolar epithelial cells
  • Neither type 1 nor type 2 alveolar epithelial cells
  • Both type 1 and type 2 alveolar epithelial cells

How many lobes does the right lung have?

<p>3 (D)</p>
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What is the condition often seen in newborns due to a lack of surfactant?

<p>Respiratory distress syndrome (D)</p>
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What is the function of the nasal conchae in the nasal cavity?

<p>To increase the surface area and prevent dehydration (A)</p>
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What is the name of the cartilage located in the larynx that is involved in voice production?

<p>Thyroid cartilage (C)</p>
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What is the term for producing words using vocal cords?

<p>Enunciation (B)</p>
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What is the name of the tube that extends from the larynx and divides into right and left primary bronchi?

<p>Trachea (D)</p>
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What is the effect of androgens on vocal cords?

<p>They make the folds thicker and longer, resulting in a lower pitch (A)</p>
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